govt 2305 chp 8 smartbook
In general, political parties are made up of a ___?___ constituency of supporters.
broad
Since the 1980s, which group has voted most strongly for the Republican Party?
fundamentalist Christians
Which of the following characteristics of political campaigns have undergone change?
-amount of money required -length of the campaign -focus of the campaign
Which of the following sum up the various functions of political consultants?
-gathering voter opinions -advising on how to run a successful campaign -production of promotional materials
Which of the following are roles that national political parties have?
-to raise money for congressional campaigns -to raise money for presidential campaigns -to seek media coverage of party positions and activities
The most electorally successful factional party in U.S. history was the....?
Bull Moose Party.
True or false: The Internet has overtaken television as the principal medium of election politics.
False
The fact that more white women than white men vote for the Democratic Party is an example of a(n)_______?_______gap.
Gender
Although state parties do not work full time, they are _____?_____ likely to have full-time employees than local parties.
More
A(n) ____?____ primary is one in which any registered voter, regardless of party affiliation, may vote.
Open
Which of the following ranks the amount of media coverage of candidates from highest to lowest?
Presidential candidates, Senate candidates, House candidates.
The strongest Reform Party in U.S. history was the......?
Progressive Party.
Opposition to slavery gave rise to which party?
Republican Party
Which is a reason that some scholars think we have moved into a new party alignment?
The Republican Party has become stronger in the South and the Democratic Party had become stronger in the Northeast.
Which of the following statements is true regarding a single-member district electoral system?
The candidate with more votes than any opponent wins the election in the district.
All party organizations have a responsibility to......?
build support among voters.
The most important minor parties in the 20th century have been ___?___ parties.
factional
Local party organizations operate......?
only during campaign periods.
Until the early 20th century, the major party's nominees for president were selected via which method?
picked by the party organization.
A reason political parties have emerged whenever democracy has been established is that
political parties provide individuals a way to join together in order to exercise their collective influence.
Organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to government office are known as
political parties.
Voting for a candidate's promises rather than his or her past actions is an example of what is called ___?___ voting.
prospective
Third parties formed to promote a stance on a particular issue are known as.......?
single-issue parties.
Many voters cast a ___?___, where they only vote for candidates of one party.
straight ticket
Primaries in which candidates of both parties are on the same ballot and the top-two finishers compete in the general election are called ____?_____ primaries.
top-two
What is another name for the plurality system?
winner-take-all system
Which of the following groups are currently most likely part of the Democratic coalition?
-union members -African Americans -18-29 year old's
As compared to on television, ______?_____ have greater control over the message on the Internet.
individual users
Voting for a candidate's past performance rather than future promises is an example of what is called _____?_____ voting.
retrospective
In order to raise enough funds for their campaigns, political candidates raise money from all of the following groups EXCEPT......?
state governments.
The party realignment that began in the 1960's was completed during what presidency?
Reagan's
The Civil War triggered a party realignment. What were the two major parties following this realignment period?
-Republican Party -Democratic Party
What percentage of voters today cast a split ticket?
20%
Which president was elected under his promise that he would do something about the Great Depression?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
True or false: Rather than being the result of an abrupt shift in response to a single disruptive issue, realignments are caused by gradual changes in response to several issues.
True.
Who oversees the day-to-day operations of the political party's national organization?
the national chair.
Which of the following are distinct disadvantages of the rise of candidate-centered campaigns?
-They provide opportunities for powerful interest groups to donate money to candidates. -They make it easier for officeholders to deny responsibility for government actions.
To date, the Internet has proven itself to be better than television as a medium for.....?
-mobilizing supporters. -fundraising.
Today's political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful?
-pollsters -campaign strategists -media producers
Which of the following are part of the money chase of politics?
-pursuing wealthy patrons -raising funds
What percentage of party activists work within local political party organizations?
95%
What usually happens after a third party is relatively successful in attracting votes during a U.S. national election?
One or both major parties will try to co-opt the issue or issues that made the third party successful.
The strongest Ideological Party in U.S. history was the........?
Populist Party.
Which of the following voting blocs was largely notable for its migration to the Republican Party during the 1980s?
Southern whites
In politics, what do linkage institutions do?
They connect citizens with government.
True or false: The median voter theory helps to explain why a party may lose an election when it veers too far from the middle of the ideological spectrum.
True
Which party formed during the 1830s was competitive against the Jacksonian Democratic Party?
Whig Party
Countries with multiparty systems tend to have what kind of electoral system?
a proportional representation system
Current election laws in the United States favor
a two-party system.
What is the term Darrell West uses to describes candidates' use of televised ads?
air wars
Which of the following best describes the voting electorate after the expansion of voting rights during the era of Jacksonian democracy?
all white males
In the era of Jacksonian democracy, the efforts of local party organizations, along with the extension of voting rights to citizens without property, contributed to an almost ___?___ increase in election turnout.
fourfold
Political parties began to emerge in the United States
in spite of many of the founding fathers' mistrust of them.
On a variety of issues, white women hold opinions that are on average ____?____ than those of white men.
more liberal
A ___?___ political system is made up of at least three political parties.
multiparty
A state that permits all registered voters, regardless of party affiliation, to vote in a primary election has what type of primary system?
open
Which of the following contributed to the decline of the old system of party organizations?
primary elections
In Britain's 2017 election, the Liberal Democrats received 7 percent of the national vote and, thereby, roughly 7 percent of the seats in Parliament. This is an example of a ___?___ system.
proportional representation
A permanent shift in party allegiances or electoral support is known as a party
realignment.
Which of the following led to the start of the political party realignment in the 1930's that worked to the benefit of the Democratic Party?
the Great Depression
How did many of the founders of the United States view political parties?
They viewed political parties with suspicion.