H5P - CH 4

Which of the following statements is not true? a. Androgens and estrogens are potent sexual stimuli in human beings. b. Images and fantasies are stronger sexual cues than are levels of the sex hormones. c. Sexual motives are mostly environmentally regulated. d. The sight, smell, touch, and emotional intimacy of the sexual partner are the strongest cues to sexual motivation.

a. Androgens and estrogens are potent sexual stimuli in human beings.

_____ is the theoretical term used to depict the psychological discomfort stemming from a persistent biological deficit. a. Drive b. Homeostasis c. Need d. Pain

a. Drive

The smell of food, the appearance of food, the time of day, and the presence of other people who are eating all represent _____ that contribute to and regulate the rise and fall of hunger and eating. a. extraorganismic mechanisms b. homeostatic influences c. multiple inputs d. psychological drive

a. extraorganismic mechanisms

The hormone _____ generates a desire to eat (hunger), while the hormone _____ generates a feeling of satiety. a. ghrelin, leptin b. leptin, ghrelin c. insulin, secretin d. secretin, leptin

a. ghrelin, leptin

Without any water replenishment, the typical human being will die in about: a. 1 day. b. 3 days c. 5 days d. 7 days

b. 3 days

What does research say about the cultural prescription to drink 8 glasses of water each day? a. Adults should drink 8 glasses, while children should drink 6 glasses per day. b. No evidence exists to support this advice. c. People who drink 8 glasses per day will become healthier than will people who do not drink 8 glasses per day. d. People who drink 8 glasses of water per day will speed up their metabolism and lose weight faster.

b. No evidence exists to support this advice.

For women's faces, the facial metrics associated with physical attractiveness include: a. expressive characteristics. b. neonatal features. c. sexual maturity features. d. prominent chin length and thick eyebrows.

b. neonatal features.

In the United States, about what percentage of adults are obese? a. 10% b. 20% c. 35% d. 60%

c. 35%

Consider mating strategies. Which of the following represents must-have "necessities" in determining one's preference to select a mate? a. For both men and women, kindness is a necessity. b. For both men and women, being the same age is a necessity. c. For men, physical attractiveness is a necessity in women; for women, social status is a necessity in men. d. For men, social status is a necessity in women; for women, physical attractiveness is a necessity in men.

c. For men, physical attractiveness is a necessity in women; for women, social status is a necessity in men.

What is the primary distinction between psychological needs such as autonomy and implicit motives needs such as achievement? a. Psychological needs are felt more intensely than are implicit motives. b. Implicit motives predict important outcomes in a more reliable way than do psychological needs. c. Implicit motives are acquired through experience and socialization. d. Implicit motives are proactive in that they motivate people's initiative more than do psychological needs.

c. Implicit motives are acquired through experience and socialization.

Which of the following statements is true about sexual motivation? a. Human sexual motivation is determined mostly by the rise and fall of hormones. b. In women, the correlation between physiological arousal and psychological desire is high. c. Men and women experience and react to sexual desire very differently. d. Women with small or petite eyes are rated as more physically attractive than are women with large eyes.

c. Men and women experience and react to sexual desire very differently.

_____ is any condition within the person that is essential and necessary for life, growth, and well-being. a. Drive b. Homeostasis c. Need d. Pain

c. Need

People fail to self-regulate their bodily appetites for three primary reasons. Which one of the following is not one of those reasons? a. People fail to monitor what they are doing, as they become distracted or overwhelmed. b. People can lack standards of how to behave (how much to eat, drink). c. People pay relatively too much attention to their long-term goals and relatively too little attention to their short-term goals. d. When not currently experiencing biological urges, people underestimate how powerful these urges can be.

c. People pay relatively too much attention to their long-term goals and relatively too little attention to their short-term goals.

At what point will a person begin to feel hungry after eating an average-sized meal? a. as soon as the stomach starts to digest that food b. by the time the stomach has emptied about 10% of its food c. by the time the stomach has emptied about two-thirds of its food d. only after the stomach has emptied all of its food

c. by the time the stomach has emptied about two-thirds of its food

Cellular dehydration causes _____ thirst, whereas dehydration of the bloodstream leads to _____ thirst. a. long-term; short-term b. short-term; long-term c. osmometric; volumetric d. volumetric; osmometric

c. osmometric; volumetric

When a person's stomach is full and distended, people experience little to no hunger. By the time the stomach empties _____ of its contents, however, people begin to report the first signs of hunger. a. 10% b. 25% c. 40% d. 60%

d. 60%

Which of the following statements is not true about hunger and feeding behavior? a. Electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus increases feeding behavior. b. Intravenous injection of glucose decreases activity in the lateral hypothalamus. c. Hunger is the body's means of defending its genetic set point of how much it should weigh. d. The glucostatic hypothesis explains the set-point theory of hunger and eating.

d. The glucostatic hypothesis explains the set-point theory of hunger and eating.

The major negative feedback system that regulates and lessens the experience of thirst and inhibits drinking is found in the body's: a. cells b. stomach c. mouth d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Bodily systems show a remarkable capacity for maintaining a steady state of equilibrium, even as these systems perform their functions and are exposed to widely differing and stressful environmental conditions. The term that describes the body's tendency to maintain a steady state is: a. disruption tolerance. b. drive c. fluctuation tolerance. d. homeostasis

d. homeostasis

Research on sexual orientation-one's preference for sexual partners of the same or opposite sex-suggests that sexual orientation is: a. a choice, one best explained as a choice about identity and relationships. b. a choice, one best explained by exposure to admired role models. c. not a choice, as best explained by a dominant mother and a weak father. d. not a choice, as best explained by genetics and prenatal hormonal influences.

d. not a choice, as best explained by genetics and prenatal hormonal influences.

A person's mental representation of how sexual episodes are to be enacted constitutes a sexual: a. hierarchy. b. ritualization c. schema. d. script

d. script

In what ways do needs differ from one another? a. how future-oriented the satisfaction of each need tends to be b. how long it takes (in hours) to satisfy each different need c. the amount of energy each separate need generates d. the goal the person pursues to satisfy each different need

d. the goal the person pursues to satisfy each different need