HDE 110

Conflict Theory

-inequality within the family contributes to inequality within outside the family inequality creates instability in society, which can lead to positive social change

Family (type of interaction)

-intimacy -childbearing and socialization -caring work

Market (type of interactions)

-labor -exchange -wealth accumulation

State (type of interactions)

-law -violence -welfare

Events in the lifetime of people who married in the 1940s and 1950s in chronological order

-Great depression -World War 2 -Baby boom -Suburban home construction

exchange theory

-In many families, men and women play different but complimentary roles -people enter mutual relationships to maximize their own gains

Acculturation

-The adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another.

Women's weekly earnings are what percentage of men's weekly earnings?

81%

Family

groups of related people connected biologically, legally, or emotionally

time use study

surveys that collect data on how people spend their time during a sample period, such as a single day or week

sex

the biological differences that distinguish males from females

gender identity

the individual's sense of being male or female

Family arena (family as an institutional arena)

the institutional arena where people practice intimacy, childbearing and socialization, and caring work

Personal family

the people to whom we feel related and who we expect to define us as members of their family as well

Enculturation

the process of learning culture

sexual identity

the recognition, or internalization, of a biological sex category

Assimilation

the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another

gender

the socially constructed roles and characteristics by which a culture defines male and female

Market (Family as an institutional arena)

where labor for pay, economic exchange, and wealth accumulation take place

1.5 generation

- born abroad -arrived after school age but prior to adolescence

By the end of the nineteenth century how many people lived in the cities?

-40%

Family life cycle

-Establishing marriage/ family -New parenthood -Child rearing family

Correlation

-a mutual relationship or connection between two or more things -association between two phenomena -nightlights and nearsightedness

cross-sectional study

-a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another

longitudinal study

-a study that observes the same participants on many occasions over a long period of time

racial groups from highest to lowest poverty rate

-american indian -latino -asian -white

1.25 generation

-born abroad -arrived after adolescence but before adulthood

1.0 generation

-born abroad -arrived during adulthood

first generation

-born abroad -immigrating sometime during the life cycle

.5 generational

-born abroad -arrived during older adulthood (retirement age)

Feminist Theory

-boys and girls are socialized into their gender roles -inhabit unequal positions in the family

Structural functionalist perspective

-children learn to enact gender roles when young so that they perform them later in life -individuals occupy different but equally important, family roles

Mesosystem

-connections between micro systems -parent teacher relationship

Macrosystem

-consists of cultural values, laws, customs, and resources

examples of a legal family

-divorced father and his daughter -married gay couple -single mother and her adoptive son

problems with the poverty line calculation today

-does not take govt benefits into account -does not take geographic area into account -price of food has increased

Individual

-individuals characteristics -biological and personal

Why was there a birth decline over the years

-new forms of birth control -want less kids

relationships that the US census would count as "nonrelative" relationships

-opposite-sex unmarried couple -same sex unmarried couple -housemate or roommate -foster child

What roles related to marriage did state established churches play in early European societies?

-presiding over marriage ceremonies -determining the validity of marriages -allocating power and property among family members

which policies might slow the growth of the superrich?

-reductions in tax breaks for alternative income sources -stricter regulations on the finance industry -stricter regulations against lobbying

Factors that have kept intermarriage low?

-school and neighborhood segregation -historic and negative attitude toward interracial marriage

Exosystem

-social settings that a person may not experience firsthand but that still influence development -extended family, neighbors, mass media

Uri Bronfenbrenner

-studied only the children, then realized they need to study everything around the children -came up with the 5 different systems (individual, microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem)

Which factors contributed to the rise of women in the workplace starting in the early 1970s?

-world war 2 -educational expansion

Conjugal family

A nuclear family that is also functionally independent of extended family members

Which is the most effective at preventing pregnancy?

IUD

social mobility

a change in position within the social hierarchy

The legal family

a group of individuals related by birth, marriage, or adoption

The family as an institutional arena

a social space in which relations between people in common positions are governed by accepted rules of interaction

There are an estimated 45 million immigrants in the U.S. Recent estimates project that by 2055, the largest share of immigrants will be from

asian countries

1.75 generation

born abroad, arrived prior to school age

third generation

born in the US of parents who were born to immigrants

second generation

children of immigrants

State (Family as an institutional arena)

institutional arena where, through political means, behavior is legally regulated, violence is controlled, and resources are redistributed

Max Weber

introduced a concept to help explain the social class position of college students, who may not have an occupation or earnings

nuclear family

mother, father, and their family

The poverty line is not stable for all families and is based on

number of people in a household

gender expression

one's pattern of outward behavior in relation to common standards of a gender category

androgynous parenting

parents teach children to have the most highly socially desirable traits of both boys and girls

Symbolic Interactionism

-how people see themselves in the eyes of others and behave differently

microsystem

-immediate environment -family, siblings, peers, school, work

legal rights that marriage grants individuals

-immigrant can gain citizenship through citizen spouse -married partners are subject to new tax regulations