He 224 Chapter 25 Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular SystemThe
Upon admission assessment, the nurse hears a murmur located at the fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line. The client asks," What does that mean?" The nurse will base her answer on which physiologic principle?
" You have a heart valve that is diseased."
What is considered a normal right atrial pressure?
0 mm Hg
A local athlete is getting prepared for the upcoming national track and field championships. Since the athlete is preforming extreme exercises, what would be the most probable cardiac output.
16 to 36 L/minuteW
A client with heart failure has the following echocardiogram results: heart rate 80 beats /minute; end diastolic volume 120 mL; and end systolic volume 60 mL. What is this client's ejection fraction(EF)?
50%
The semilunar valves of the heart open at the onset of ejection period. Approximately what percentage of the stroke volume is ejected during the first quarter of systole?
60%
Select the correct sequence of blood return to the heart.
Capillaries, venules, veins, right atrium
The heart controls the direction of blood flow. What is the role of the aortic valve?
Controls direction of blood flow from the left side of the heart to the systemic circulation.
The heart consists of four valves. Which are the hearts atrioventricular valves. Select all that apply.
Tricuspid Mitral
The school nurse is doing a health class on functional organization of the circulatory system. What is the function of the capillaries in the circulatory system
Exchange gases, nutrients, and wastes
The school nurse is doing a health class on functional organization of the circulatory system. What is the function of the capillaries in the circulatory system?
Exchange gases, nutrients, and wastes
Release of which humoral factors will result in vasodilation?
Histamine
Which enzyme has powerful vasodilator effect on arterioles and increases capillary permeability?
Histamine
A client took a weight loss drug that activated alpha-adrenergic receptors in sympathetic nervous system. Which manifestations would the nurse expect to occur?
Increased blood pressure of cardiac contraction Increased cardiac cycle speed
If a client experiences sympathetic nervous stimulation of the heart, the nurse will observe which changes in manifestations?
Increased heart rate and increased contractility.
Which of the following is true regarding pulmonary circulation?
It is a low pressure system that allows for improved gas exchange.
Which of the following blood patterns reduces friction, allowing the blood layers to slide smoothly over one another?
Laminar
The heart is a four chambered pump. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the systemic circulation?
Left Ventricle
The heart is a four-chambered pump. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the systemic circulation.
Left ventricle
A nurse is assessing a female client and notes that her left arm is swollen down to the fingers, with non pitting edema. The right arm is normal. The client had a left sided masetctomy 1 year ago. What does the nurse suspect is the problem?
Lymphedema
What related circulatory complication can result from surgical treatment for metastatic breast cancer?
Lymphedema in the affected arm
Which related circulatory complication can result from surgical treatment for metastatic breast cancer?
Lymphedema in the affected arm
Resistance to flow is determined by diameter of blood vessels and the blood vessel itself. An equation has been developed for understanding the relationship between the diameter of the blood vessel , the viscosity of the blood, and resistance. What is the equation called?
Poiseuille law
The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiology of the heart. What is the function of the right atrium?
Receives blood returning to the heart from systemic circulation.
The electrical activity of the heart is recorded on the ECG. What does the T Wave on the ECG represent?
Repolarization of the ventricles
The electrical activity of the heart is recorded on the ECG. What does the T wave on ECG represent?
Repolarization of ventricles
A client has had a acute myocardial infraction ( MI). The brother of the client has a history of angina. The client asks how he will know if his brother's pain is angina or if the brother is actually having an MI. Which statement is correct?
Rest and intake of nitroglycerin relieve chest pain with angina; they do not relieve chest pain with an MI.
The health care provider is concerned that a client has developed a decrease in cardiac output. Cardiac output may be calculated as:
Stroke volume vs heart rate
The Nurse is reviewing the circulatory system. Which statements are correct about the functional organization of the circulatory system?
The venous system collects deoxygenated blood from the tissues. The arterial system distributes oxygenated blood to the tissues.
A client asks why he has not had major heart damage since his cardiac catheterization revealed he has a 98% blockage of the right coronary artery. The nurses best response is:
You have small channels between some of your arteries , so you can get blood from a patent artery to one severely blocked.
Which blood vessel layer is made primarily of muscle?
tunica media
What response to exercise should be further assessed?
Clients blood pressure decreases from 130/90 to 80/50
A client's echocardiogram identified a narrowed valve that has resulted in decreased blood flow between the left atria and left ventricle. The nurse would interpret this as the:
Bicuspid valve
A client's echocardiogram identified a narrowed valve that resulted in a decreased blood flow between the left atria and left ventricle. The nurse would interpret this as the :
Bicuspid valve
Which intracranial pressure ( ICP) equals intra-arterial pressure, the central nervous system ischemic response is initiated. The response is directed at the raising arterial pressure above ICP, thereby reestablishing blood flow to the vasomotor center of the brain. What is the response called?
Cushing reflex
When the semilunar valves open it signals the onset of ejection period. The aortic pressure reflects changes in the ejection of blood from which part of the heart?
Left ventricle