Health and Illness FINAL
Complete all antibiotic medications
A patient is in the clinic for follow-up of acute pyelonephritis. Which teaching does the nurse reinforce?
within 15 minutes of mealtime
A patient is receiving sliding scale, rapid-acting insulin. The best time to administer is:
"Continue taking the med, this is an expected effect of the medication."
A patient on phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for cystitis reports orange-red urine. The nurse should best respond...
urethral stricture
A patient strains to pass scant urine, has normal fluid intake and a distended bladder. A cause of these symptoms is
Check the patient's blood glucose
A patient with diabetes reports a headache and feeling weak; skin is cool and clammy. What should the nurse do first?
polydipsia
A patient with type 1 diabetes has excessive thirst. Which term should the nurse use to document this finding?
Take an oral form of glucose
A patient with type 2 DM is asked what he will do if his blood sugar drops below 70. Which is correct?
acute kidney injury
A postoperative patient has a total of 180 mL of urine output over the past 8 hours. The nurse should monitor for...
Urosepsis (untreated UTI that spreads throughout body)
A life-threatening complication of Pyelonephritis that the nurse should be aware of is...
Catherization technique and schedule
A patient had a cystectomy with creation of a continent urinary reservoir (Indiana Pouch). Pt. teaching will include:
Assess and treat the patient's pain
A patient is admitted with renal calculi. Which of the following actions should the nurse do first?
Hypertension
A patient is diagnosed with Cushing syndrome. The nurse would monitor the patient for which cardiovascular complication?
Obtain a specimen for culture and sensitivity
A patient is diagnosed with urethritis. What should the nurse expect to do before initiating antibiotic therapy?
IV fluids and corticosteroids
After a nephrectomy, a patient has adrenal insufficiency. What is the priority treatment?
prevent bleeding
After a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), the catheter is pulled taut and secured to the leg to...
Strain the urine
After extra-corporeal shock wave lithotripsy, the nurse needs to
Graves disease
An autoimmune disease that causes excess secretion of thyroid hormones:
Ileal Conduit (Urostomy)
Urinary diversion procedure in which the ureters are attached to a resected section of small intestine to create a stoma
Auscultate for a bruit at the fistula site
Which action will the nurse take to assess for adequate blood flow through a patient's left arm arteriovenous fistula?
Glipizide
Which anti-diabetic medication stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin?
Levothyroxine
Which drug is used to treat hypothyroidism?
confusion Slight rise in temperature
Which findings are associated with UTI in the older adult? (Select all that apply)
Hematuria and sharp pain
Which findings are expected when assessing a patient who has a ureteral calculi?
UTIs PNeumonia
Common causes of HHS include (select all that apply)
Fine tremors of the hands BP of 160/90 Heart rate of 120
Which findings are most likely in a patient with severe hyperthyroidism. Select all that apply
Feverish, hypertension and tachycardic
Which is not a symptom of hypoglycemia?
GFR
Which lab value increases during the recovery phase?
BUN and creatinine
Which lab values will be increased during the oliguric phase?
Cortisol Epinephrine Growth hormone
Which of the following hormones work to oppose insulin?
Acute pain
Which of the following is a priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with renal calculi?
Absence of colicky pain in the flank and groin
Which of the following is an indicator that a patient has successfully passed a kidney stone?
BUN
Which of the following is the best indicator of kidney function?
Decreased cardiac output interventions Severe Hypovolemia
Prerenal causes of Acute Kidney Injury include:
Acidosis Anemia Azotemia
Which of the following occur with Chronic Kidney Disease?
Lack of dietary Iodine
Development of Goiter is related to:
Both abnormal insulin production & utilization
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic multisystem disease related to:
Adult blindness End-Stage Renal Disease Non-Traumatic amputations
Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of: (select all that apply)
Defects in Insulin Receptors Autoimmune disorder Lack of insulin production/secretion
Diabetes mellitus pathophysiology can be described as: (select all that apply)
Hgb A1C or 6.5% or higher Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) >/= 126 mg/dL OGTT of 200 mg/dL using a glucose load of 75 Gms Random plasma glucose level of > 200 mg/dL
Diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus is made using at least one of the following:
urine output is less than 400 mL/day
During the oliguric phase
Oliguric phase
During which phase would the nurse expect to administer furosemide?
Hypercalcemia
Excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) leads to:
Pancreatic Beta cells in the Islets of Langerhans
Insulin is produced by which cells?
Type 2 DM
Insulin resistance and/or decreased production; occurs later in life; slow onset
DKA
Ketones in the blood & urine, Kussmauls respirations, pH < 7.30, occurs more often in Type 1 DM:
Rapid acting insulin
Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novolog) are both examples of:
Daily weight Strict I&O Monitor heart rhythm Monitor Lab values
Nursing interventions during the Oliguric phase include: (select all that apply)
Lipodystrophy
Overuse of the same injection site for insulin therapy can cause
Hypocalcemia
Positive Chvostek's sign and Trousseau's sign indicate:
Ureteral Calculi Bladder tumor Reflux back into the kidney from the bladder
Postrenal causes of Acute Kidney Injury include:
Somogyi effect
Rebound hyperglycemia in the morning due to the release of counterregulatory hormones is known as:
Oliguria
Reduced urinary output:
Coarse, dry skin, muscle aches, anorexia, cold intolerance
Signs and Symptoms of Hypothyroidism include:
Acute pyelonephritis
Signs and symptoms of new onset chills, fever, flank pain, CVA tenderness, urinary urgency/frequency are indicative of
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
The 3 "P's" of Diabetes Mellitus includes
Abdomen
The absorption of SQ insulin is fastest/best in the:
Basal-Bolus intensive therapy
The insulin regimen that most closely mimics endogenous insulin production is:
E. coli
The most common organism causing UTI is
A fast acting carbohydrate
The nurse finds that a patient with Diabetes Mellitus is sweating and confused. The nurse should immediately provide:
Patient with Kusuma respirations
The nurse is caring for four patient's with CKD. Which patient should the nurse assess first?
void before and after sexual intercourse
The nurse teaches the female patient who has frequent UTIs that she should
Pituitary
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by the________ gland in response to low levels of T3 and T4.
Foot care meal planning medications sick day plan
Which of the following should be included in the patient teaching plan for Diabetes Mellitus?
Addison's disease
What disease process is also known as adrenal insufficiency?
Decrease insulin resistance
What is the action of Metformin (Glucophage)?
Weight
What is the most accurate indicator of fluid loss or gain in an acutely ill patient?
Regular
What is the only form of insulin that can be given IV?
"I will be sure to try and urinate every 3 or 4 hours."
Which of the following statements indicate appropriate teaching for a female with history of UTIs?
Costovertebral angle tenderness and chills
Which of the following symptoms do you expect to see in a patient diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis?
Hyperkalemia
Which of the following symptoms is consistent with Addison's Disease?
"I will experience some buring on urination."
Which patient statement indicates understanding of potential symptoms following removal of three-way indwelling catheter
Excess aldosterone and cortisone causes retention of Na+ and loss of K+.
Why is a low-sodium, high-potassium diet prescribed for a patient with Cushing syndrome?
Capture the stone
Why is urine strained when someone has a renal calculi?
Glucocorticoidsaccelerate the process of gluconeogenesis.
Why would the nurse monitor a client with a diagnosis of Cushing syndrome for symptoms of diabetes mellitus?
Mid-morning - 9:30 am
You administered 10 U rapid-acting (Novolog) insulin at 7:30 am. When will patient be at highest risk for hypoglycemia?
give Glucagon SQ or IM
Your patient is unconscious with a fingerstick glucose of 38. What will you do?