Health & Illness Final Exam: Elimination GI

A nurse teaches a patient who is at risk for fecal impaction. Which statements would the nurse include in this patient's teaching? "Drink prune juice to stimulate peristalsis." "Take a laxative every evening to improve motility." "Eat a high-fiber diet including raw fruits and vegetables." "Take Metamucil or other bulk-forming products."

"Eat a high-fiber diet including raw fruits and vegetables."

A 60-year-old woman was admitted this morning with vomiting and pain in the midabdominal region related to a bowel obstruction. The dietary department delivers a regular lunch food tray and asks if you could take it into the room. Which response is most appropriate? "I don't think this tray was ordered for her. I will double check the physician's orders." "That's the wrong consistency, she needs soft foods only." "I will give her only the liquids from the tray." "Thank you so much. She needs her nutrition."

"I don't think this tray was ordered for her. I will double check the physician's orders."

Which of the following clinical manifestations are associated with small bowel obstruction? Select all that apply. Abnormal electrolyte values Vomiting High pitched bowel sounds Non-distended abdomen

Abnormal electrolyte values Vomiting High pitched bowel sounds

A nurse assesses a patient with a mechanical bowel obstruction who reports intermittent abdominal pain. An hour later the patient reports constant abdominal pain. Which action would the nurse take next? Insert a nasogastric tube for decompression. Administer intravenous opioid medications. Assess the patient's bowel sounds. Position the patient with knees to chest.

Assess the patient's bowel sounds.

Which of the following diagnostic test is used to visually examine the large intestine? Stool for occult blood Cystoscopy Uroscopy Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy

A 90-year-old patient is hospitalized with a history of 10 liquid stools per day for 3 days in a row. What is the priority nursing concept to consider when planning interventions? Tissue Integrity Pain Nutrition Elimination

Elimination

During an assessment, the patient states that his bowel movements cause discomfort because the stool is hard and difficult to pass. As the nurse, you make which of the following suggestions to assist the patient with improving the quality of his bowel movement? Select all that apply. Refrain from alcohol. Refrain from smoking Increase fiber intake Increase water consumption.

Increase fiber intake

Which patient population is at greatest risk of life-threatening complications from diarrhea? School age child Adult Older adult Infant

Infant

A six-year-old child visiting primary care complains of abdominal pain. The mother states he hasn't had a bowel movement for about a week. Which of the following patient instructions are appropriate? Select all that apply. Miralax can be given if needed to children Drink plenty of fluids with a high fiber diet Stimulant laxatives should be used daily Encourage exercise

Miralax can be given if needed to children Drink plenty of fluids with a high fiber diet Encourage exercise

The nurse is caring for a post-surgical patient who is being discharged with antibiotics, oral opioid analgesics, and stool softeners. Which of the following is important to include in the discharge instructions? Take a laxative if constipated Monitor for both constipation and diarrhea Decrease fluid intake Maintain a low fiber diet

Monitor for both constipation and diarrhea

Which of the following statements about elimination across the lifespan are true? Select all that apply. The risk for functional incontinence increases with age because of slowed peristalsis. Older male adults are more likely to develop benign prostatic hyperplasia. Newborns are at high risk for constipation. Older adults have a greater risk for constipation due to medications. Constipation is common with pregnancy due to the elevated progesterone. School aged children who have a busy schedule will often forget to use the bathroom.

Older male adults are more likely to develop benign prostatic hyperplasia. Older adults have a greater risk for constipation due to medications. Constipation is common with pregnancy due to the elevated progesterone. School aged children who have a busy schedule will often forget to use the bathroom.

The nurse instructs a 55 year old male patient at a routine physical the importance of guaiac testing. Which of the following situations require guaiac testing of the stool? When the patient complains of rectal bleeding When there is a palpable mass on digital rectal examination. Per routine to screen for colon cancer When the patient says there is a history of polyps

Per routine to screen for colon cancer

A nurse cares for a patient who has been diagnosed with a small bowel obstruction. Which assessment findings would the nurse correlate with this diagnosis? Select all that apply. Loss of 15 lb (6.8 kg) without dieting. Serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L (low) Low-pitched bowel sounds Abdominal pain in upper quadrants

Serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L (low) Abdominal pain in upper quadrants

Which of the following have the potential to affect bowel elimination? Select all that apply. Surgery Fiber intake Age Privacy Anticholinergic medications Neuromuscular disorders Exercise

Surgery Fiber intake Age Privacy Anticholinergic medications Neuromuscular disorders Exercise

A parent brings their child to urgent care with complaints of abdominal pain and hard stools. Which of the following place the child at risk for constipation? Select all that apply. The child doesn't like to take a shower. The child has food preferences that don't include high fiber. The child likes to go to bed early and wake up early. The child is engaged in after school sports.

The child has food preferences that don't include high fiber. The child is engaged in after school sports

The nurse recognizes which of the following patients require a "fracture bed pan" for having a bowel movement? The patient who is undernourished The patient recovering from hip surgery The confused patient The patient who is obese

The patient who is obese

The nurse working in memory care is caring for a patient with dementia who has periodic episodes of incontinence of the bowel and bladder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement? Speak with the family about past elimination habits. Speak with the patient's family about food choices. Toilet the patient upon waking, at bedtime, after meals and every two hours, even if they have incontinent episodes. Establish a bedtime ritual for the patient.

Toilet the patient upon waking, at bedtime, after meals and every two hours, even if they have incontinent episodes.

A nurse plans care for a patient who has chronic diarrhea. Which actions would the nurse include in this patient's plan of care? Select all that apply. Using an antibacterial soap to clean periarea after each stool. Using pre-moistened disposable wipes for perineal care Keeping broken skin areas open to air to promote healing. Turning the patient from right to left every 2 hours Applying a barrier cream to the skin after cleaning.

Using pre-moistened disposable wipes for perineal care Turning the patient from right to left every 2 hours Applying a barrier cream to the skin after cleaning.

Which of the following questions is important to ask the newly admitted patient who may have a bowel obstruction? How often do you use stool softeners, laxatives or enemas? When was the last time you moved your bowels? How often do you have a bowel movement? Describe your bowel movements.

When was the last time you moved your bowels?

Which of the following is a potential cause of constipation for older adults? Select all that apply. opioids gastroenteritis anticholinergics slowed peristalsis medical conditions

opioids anticholinergics slowed peristalsis medical conditions