Health Care Systems Test 2
How may people state that they want to donate their body or parts of their body after death?
By filling out a donor card or by giving permission on their driver's license; By joining their state's donor registry; By stating their decision in their living will and will; By telling their durable power of attorney for health care agent
What does the Fair Labor Standards Act regulate?
Child labor, equal pay, minimum wage, overtime pay
Patient's rights (6)
Choose health care providers; receive considerate care; receive emergency care; make decisions regarding health care; not be discriminated against; confidentiality of medical records
What type of law focuses on disputes between people?
Civil Law
What is the first part of informed consent?
Clear explanation of procedure or test
What is a list of written statements describing proper conduct for a group of people?
Code of ethics
Disadvantages of electronic medical records (5)
Computer downtime, difficult date entry, training, hardware/software costs, resistance to giving up paper records
Example of Physical safeguard
Computer server rooms should be locked
What is a voluntary agreement between 2 or more people?
Contract
A patient's friend has power of attorney rights. What is the agent NOT permitted to do?
Allow dialysis when a living will prohibits it
Who is given the right to make decisions as a result of a durable power of attorney?
An agent
When may sexual harassment occur?
An applicant's submission to sexual conduct is a term of the applicant's employment; An employee's submission to or rejection of sexual conduct affects the employer's treatment of the employee; Sexual conduct interferes with an employee's work performance or creates a hostile working environment
Protected Health information
Any individually identifiable health information about a patient
An event report does NOT need a statement from which of the following?
Any person who can speak to the character of the patient
Liability
Being legally responsible for causing harm
What type of work-related hazard does the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, prevent?
Biological, chemical, physical, psychological
How should a documentation error be corrected?
Draw a line through the error, add the correct information, initial, and date.
True/False Nurse assistants should delegate and supervise subordinate staff in implementing care?
False
Insurance portability example
Family had access to health insurance even after loss of job
Administrative Simplification example
Filed an electronic insurance claim, processed within 5 days. A few years ago, claims process took about 30 days
When are medical facilities required to notify patients of the privacy policy?
First visit
What is considered a civil right?
Freedom of religion
Patient's responsibilities (6)
Give complete info to physicians; pay charges for services provided; cooperate with HC workers; follow facility's rules; inform about advance directives, express acceptance of treatment
Who do medical records belong to?
HC providers
What does HIPAA stand for?
Health insurance portability and accountability act
What is name of the forms that patients must sign to give permission to the medical facility to disclose health info
Release of Information Form
Disclosure
Release, transfer or provision of access to protected health information
What should be done when copying confidential information?
Remain by the copier and make sure to collect the original item.
Jana does not want to receive calls from her health care provider at her home number. What should Jana do
Request that calls be made to another phone number, such as a cell phone or work phone.
Worker compensation laws do which of the following?
Require employers to insure employees in case they are injured at work
Family and medical leave act
Requires employers to allow employees to take unpaid leave for medical reasons and family needs
Workers' compensation
Requires employers to insure employees in event that they are injured at work or become ill due to work-related causes
A long-term care facility's policy is that a patient's door must remain open when meeting with visitors. What is being violated?
Residents' Bill of Rights
The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) includes what regulation?
Residents' Bill of Rights
Six privacy rules
Right to notice of privacy practices, right to request restrictions on certain uses of protected health info, right to request confidential communications, right to access a copy of protected health info, right to request an amendment of protected health info, right to receive an accounting of disclosures of protected health info.
client rights
Rights granted in a professional relationship
Client rights
Rights that people are entitled to when they are in a relationship with a professional
What is a process of identifying, evaluating, and preventing sources of liability?
Risk management
process of identification, evaluation, and prevention
Risk management
What are laws?
Rules of conduct enacted and enforced by a government
Which of the following is NOT a way to safeguard electronic medical records?
Send all confidential information by e-mail.
Regina is a nurse at a community hospital. She is assigned a young pregnant patient, Allyson, who is being treated for injuries received in a car accident. Allyson tells Regina that she and her boyfriend have decided to have an abortion. Regina believes that abortion is unethical. How should Regina respond to Allyson?
She should care for Allyson as she would any other patient and be respectful.
Vivian is a nurse at a children's hospital. A 10-year-old boy confides in Vivian that he has been abused by his parents, but he begs her not to tell anyone. What should Vivian do?
She should report the abuse to the proper authorities.
Paula is a nurse and holds firmly to the Catholic faith. She is assigned to treat a patient who is an outspoken Muslim. According to the code of ethics, how should Paula treat her patient?
She should treat the patient respectfully and without discrimination.
What is the best way to dispose of confidential information in a health care facility?
Shred it.
Privacy of health information example
Signed release of information form that gave family doctor permission to share medical records with other doctor
What may be included in medical records?
Subjective statements made by patients
Tina has a primary care physician, and is meeting with an orthopedic specialist today. How can the specialist obtain Tina's medical information from her primary care physician?
Tina will have to give authorization for her primary care office to release the records to the specialist.
A resident was restrained after refusing to take his medication. What right is being violated?
To be free from abuse
What right(s) do patients have under the Patient's Bill of Rights?
The right to make a grievance; The right to make health care decisions; The right to respect; The right to privacy
In which of the following cases must organ donation NOT occur?
The spouse wants to donate a patient's organs, but the living will forbids it.
Authorization
The written permission that patients give to disclose protected health information
Implied contract
Understood without being stated in writing or words
Privacy Rule
Used to protect private patient information
Confidentiality
Using discretion when handling protected health information
Ethics
proper conduct among a group of people, such as a religion or profession
Which of the following is a type of abuse that should be reported to the proper authorities?
emotional, physical, mental
Advance directives
legal documents that allow people to state what medical treatments they want or do not want in the event that they are unable to make decisions or communicate because of severe illness or injury.
When did HIPAA become law?
1996
ethical dilemma
A conflict of moral beliefs
Invasion of privacy
A licensed practical nurse talks to a registered nurse about a patient in the elevator with other people present
Assault example
A medical assistant threatens to hit a patient if he doesn't stop yelling
Battery example
A patient refuses to be given an injection but a nurse gives her the injection anyway
False imprisonment example
A physician inappropriately holds a patient against his will
Defamation of character example
A physician reports that a person is HIV positive when she is not
Malpractice example
A surgeon leaves gauze inside the surgery site and the patient develops a life-threatening infection
What kind of information must health care providers give to patients?
Accurate and understandable
What are legal documents that allow people to state what medical treatments they want or do not want in the event that they are unable to make decisions or communicate?
Advance directives
Which item must be included in a record of disclosures of protected health info
Date of disclosure, name of person to whom info was disclosed, description of disclosure, reason for disclosure
Which of the following is NOT included in the Fair Labor Standards Act?
Dictates employers pay overtime pay for weekend hours.
What does a code of ethics do?
Direct the behavior of the people belonging to the group; Directs the decisions of the people belonging to the group when faced with ethical problems
What means releasing, transferring, or providing access to protected health information?
Disclosure
Example of information that is obtained incidentally
Discusses health condition with a patient behind closed doors, nurse outside door hears conversation
What is true about electronic medical records
Electronic medical records are better organized.
What is an exception to informed consent?
Emergencies
Excessive demands, insults, humiliation, jealousy, control, isolation, stalking, threats
Emotional Abuse
What is the responsibility of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration?
Enforce safety and health standards in the workplace
Occupational safety and health
Enforces safety and health standards in the workplace
Which of the following is a purpose of HIPAA?
Ensure that a patient's medical information is private
Clinical laboratories improvement amendments
Establish quality standards for labs
What are rules of proper conduct among a group of people, such as a religion or profession?
Ethics
Security of electronic records example
Hospital installed a fingerprint-activated security system to medical records department
When are HC workers liable?
If they breach a contract; If they commit a criminal offense; If they do not meet the established standards of care
Consequences of not performing example
If you choose not to have MRI, physician may not be able to gain information needed to diagnose
Dr. Josef is recording his dictating notes in the emergency room and you hear him mention that the patient in the next room is a victim of domestic violence. What describes your knowledge of the situation according to HIPAA?
Incidental disclosure
Morals
Individual's personal values
Privileged communication
Information that is shared within a protected relationship
Advantages to electronic medical records (5)
Instant access, simultaneous access, flexible layout, legible, remote access
Defamation of Character
Intentionally damaging a person's reputation by making false statements about the person
Invasion of Privacy
Intentionally interfering with a person's right to be left alone
False Imprisonment
Intentionally violating someones freedom
Who has the right to make decisions regarding patients' health care?
Patients
Which type of health care worker would be most concerned with the safety standards established by the Clinical Laboratories Improvement Amendments, or CLIA?
Lab technician
Kelsey is a health care worker who must call Mr. Grimm with the results of his blood tests. When Kelsey calls, no one picks up the phone and the answering machine plays. What should Kelsey do?
Leave a message with the name of the facility where she is calling, and a phone number where she can be reached.
Liability can be defined as
Legal responsibility for causing harm
Which one of the following overrides the others?
Living will
type of advance directive?
Living will
Benefits example
MRI is recommended to gain information to diagnose condition
A patient has requested a copy of his medical record in writing. As the office assistant, what should you do?
Make copies of everything but psychotherapy notes within 30 days.
The Residents' Bill of Rights contains rights for which patients?
Patients at a long-term care facility
What types of people does legal disability include?
Minors under 18, incompetent people, semiconscious or unconscious people
Elements of authorization (4)
Must be signed and dated, be written in plain language, have expiration date, state the right to refuse
Proper maintenance example (7)
Objective info by HC worker, writing is legible, records kept 7 years, line drawn through error, records are complete, subjective info by patient, old records shredded
Which federal act created a list of rights for residents at long term care facilities called the Residents' Bill of Rights
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)
Example of technical safeguard (3)
Passwords should be updated frequently, computers should have anti virus software, electronically transmitted information should be encrypted
Exempt examples (5)
Patient dies, patient tests positive for HIV, child is being abused, baby is born to a patient, court ordered health info
With whom can patient information be shared without the patient's permission?
Patient's other HC providers at the practice
Privacy
Patient's right to control use of protected health information
Who is effected by breach of confidential patient info?
Patient, person responsible for breath, facility
Examples of protected (4)
Patients health insurance info, patient says she feels depressed, patient's health care bill, patient's medical records
principles that direct a facility's activities and state what a facility does
Policies
What information is shared within a protected relationship?
Privileged communication
Malpractice
Professional negligence
What is TRUE of the Residents' Bill of Rights?
Promotes independence and self-determination
What is the purpose of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?
Protect people from infectious, occupational, environmental, and terrorist threats
Centers for disease control and prevention
Protects all people from infectious, occupational, environmental, and terrorist threats
Health insurance access, portability, and renewability
Provide continuous insurance coverage for people when they change/ lose a job
What is a requirement of the Patient Self-Determination Act?
Providers must give patients information on their rights and advance directives.
Libel
Publishing false text/images
Rhonda, a medical assistant, believes a patient is giving false information. How should Rhonda document the information?
Put the patient's exact words in quotation marks.
Improper maintenance example (6)
Records incomplete, records kept one year, subjective info by HC worker, error erased, old records thrown in trash, writing is illegible
Who verifies medical orders for proper authorization, accuracy and risks?
Registered nurse
Who can teach nursing theory and practice in educational programs when qualified?
Registered nurses
Employee retirement income security act
Regulates HC and pension plans provided by private-sector employers
What is the purpose of ERISA?
Regulates health care and pension plans in private companies
Fair labor standards act
Regulates minimum wage and overtime pay, equal pay, and child labor
Slander
Speaking false words
What does scope of practice require?
That HC workers know how to perform their job correctly and know what tasks not to do
Permission example
The MRI test has been explained to me, no further questions, Authorize the performance
For what reason may an employer legally NOT hire an applicant?
The applicant is not old enough for the type of job or the hours required by the job; The applicant is not a legal U.S. resident.
In which case does the employer have just cause to fire an employee?
The employee was caught stealing medications from work
If an employer pays for a job-related physical examination, what is TRUE?
The employer has rights to the medical records
When a criminal law is broken, who is the plaintiff, or the party that brings charges against the alleged offender?
The government
Mrs. Marshall calls her husband's health insurance provider to clarify a service coverage issue. What is TRUE
The insurance provider will not speak with Mrs. Marshall unless her husband has given the company permission to do so.
Darnell's insurance company has refused to pay for a treatment Darnell received while in the hospital. What is NOT TRUE?
The insurer must pay because Darnell has a right to make health care decisions.
A nursing team is short-staffed and extremely busy. An RN asks a nursing assistant to give a patient his afternoon medication. Who is liable?
The nursing assistant, the RN, and the employer
A female patient does not want a male nurse to care for her. What is TRUE?
The patient has the right to refuse care from the male nurse.
What right(s) do residents of long-term health care facilities have?
To be properly sheltered, fed, clothed, groomed, and cared for; To manage their own personal finances; To pursue social, cultural, religious, political, and community interests and activities; To be discharged or transferred only for medical reasons, their own or other residents' welfare, or nonpayment
The Family and Medical Leave Act allows employees to take unpaid leave for which of the following reasons?
To recover from the birth of a child
What is the name of the rule that required nationally standardized medical transactions and codes?
Transaction and Code Set Rule
True/False In order for HC workers to be guilty of malpractice, a patient must receive a serious injury
True
Which of the following is NOT a way to protect information when using a fax machine
Walk away while a fax is sent.
A facility has a policy that states: "Use precautions to prevent the spread of pathogens." Which of the following is a procedure for this policy?
Wash your hands between patients.
Uniform Anatomical Gift Act
allows people to donate their body or parts of their body after death for transplantation or medical research
Living will
document that allows people to state what medical treatments they want or do not want to prolong their life in the event that they are unable to make decisions or communicate because of severe illness or injury
Patient Self-Determination Act
requires health care providers to provide information to patients about their rights to make decisions regarding their health care and to have advance directives
