Health Chapter 1

Which of the following statements most closely represents the main idea of the transtheoretical model of behavior change? - You can choose which stages you want to go through for a given behavior change. - Once you move through a particular stage, you cannot go back to the previous one. - As you change your behavior, you move through distinct stages of action. - You can formulate or change your target behavior as you move through the stages.

- As you change your behavior, you move through distinct stages of action.

Which of the following would be good strategies for successful behavior change for good health? - Be inspired by the positive feelings you have about yourself as you see progress. - Do not make changes in your action plan once they are set. - Continue to tackle more behavior change projects as time goes by. - Lay out a long-range plan.

- Be inspired by the positive feelings you have about yourself as you see progress. - Continue to tackle more behavior change projects as time goes by. - Lay out a long-range plan.

What is the primary goal of the SMART criteria? - to focus on self-esteem rather than physical goals - to establish challenging and difficult goals to spark motivation - to establish easily achievable goals in order to feel successful - to establish goals that are realistic and achievable

- to establish goals that are realistic and achievable

Which of the following are effective ways to promote wellness in the world? -providing nonalcoholic drinks at parties -encouraging everyone to sleep less than what they are used to - supporting nonsmoking policies for public places -asking for more nutritious foods

-providing nonalcoholic drinks at parties - supporting nonsmoking policies for public places -asking for more nutritious foods

_________ change is a lifestyle management process that involves cultivating healthy lifestyle habits and working to overcome unhealthy ones.

Behavior

The overall condition of a person's body or mind

Health

The overall condition of body or mind and the presence or absence of illness and injury is called:

Health

What is the purpose of preventive care?

Identify diseases in their early stages, when they are more treatable.

Which of the following statements is true about relapses as people move through the stages of change of the transtheoretical model? - Advancing through the stages of change is best pictured as a straight line. - Relapsing to an earlier stage is the equivalent of failure. - Each time a person relapses, the chance for success quickly diminishes. - Most people need to make several attempts before changing a behavior successfully.

- Most people need to make several attempts before changing a behavior successfully.

What actions should you take as you put your plan for behavior change into action? - Remember that you are in control of the behavior change. - Reward yourself often. - Get as much support as possible from supportive people. - Stop noting your progress in a health journal.

- Remember that you are in control of the behavior change. - Reward yourself often. - Get as much support as possible from supportive people.

Which of the following are true statements about behavior and behavior change? - You likely have both healthy and unhealthy behaviors. - Changing an unhealthy habit is easy if you truly want to succeed. - Wellness involves cultivating healthy behaviors and overcoming unhealthy ones. - Confidence will increase as you make progress and start taking charge of your life.

- You likely have both healthy and unhealthy behaviors. - Wellness involves cultivating healthy behaviors and overcoming unhealthy ones. - Confidence will increase as you make progress and start taking charge of your life.

What is a long-term cost of an inactive lifestyle? - an increased likelihood of a good self-image - a greater chance of having a stroke - a higher possibility of premature death - a larger risk of heart disease

- a greater chance of having a stroke - a higher possibility of premature death - a larger risk of heart disease

How does access to health care help improve a person's life? - appropriate treatment of diseases - preventive care - elimination of any health risk factors - additional household expenditure

- appropriate treatment of diseases - preventive care

Identify the recommended personal health behaviors for a woman with a family history of breast cancer. - getting mammograms regularly - exercising regularly - avoiding thinking about the risk - controlling the weight

- getting mammograms regularly - exercising regularly - controlling the weight

Which of the following would be typical short-term benefits of an inactive lifestyle? - having more time to watch videos - being able to use more social media - getting to hang out more with friends - feeling more fit to help a friend move

- having more time to watch videos - being able to use more social media - getting to hang out more with friends

Access to preventive health care is important because it provides a person with: - surgery to repair broken bones -treatment for long-term, chronic conditions -screening tests to identify diseases in their final stages -vaccinations that can prevent infections

-vaccinations that can prevent infections

About how many genes do we have in each of our cells?

25,000

Differences that have important implications for wellness may be what?

Biological or cultural

That women have a higher rate of breast cancer than men is an example of a health

Difference

Natural and human-made environments are examples of ________ health determinants

Environmental

consists of the roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society associates with men and women, not just the biological differences

Gender

The complete set of genetic material in an individual's cells is known as:

Genome

What are the social and environmental factors called that affect the health of individuals, demographic groups, or entire populations?

Health determinants

Which of the following is not a dimension of wellness? interpersonal environmental intellectual emotional material

Material

Which agencies at the federal level in the United States are charged with promoting the public's health?

National Institutes of Health (NIH) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

With the exception of smoking, which risk factor contributes significantly to shortening the life span?

Obesity

Which is true about the poor health habits of many Americans?

Poor health habits take hold before adulthood.

Defining a man as someone who has an XY pair of chromosomes would be identifying him by his:

Sex

Refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define male, female, and intersex people.

Sex

Ethnicity, education level, and economic status are examples of _________ health determinants.

Social

You decide you want to change one particular behavior and focus your energies on changing that behavior. That behavior is defined as a(n) _________________ behavior.

Target

Simone exercises regularly and eats organic food, but does not get enough sleep, drinks too much alcohol, and smokes. Simone wants to move in the direction of wellness and decides to start by quitting smoking. Smoking is thus defined as the:

Target behavior

What are characteristics of health insurance under the Affordable Care Act? The government regulates the health care plans offered on health exchanges. Health exchanges help individuals obtain the coverage they need. People who have an income below certain levels are eligible for government subsidies. Employers are not allowed to offer coverage to their employees.

The government regulates the health care plans offered on health exchanges. Health exchanges help individuals obtain the coverage they need. People who have an income below certain levels are eligible for government subsidies.

What is a method that provides an effective approach to changing behavior by stages?

Transtheoretical model

(T/F) All nine dimensions are interrelated. If one dimension is affected (either positively or negatively), others can also be affected.

True

(T/F) Most often, people do not progress through the stages of change in a straightforward way.

True

(T/F) You should regularly reward yourself as you make progress in carrying out your plan of action for behavior change.

True

optimal health and vitality

Wellness

optimal vitality, encompassing all dimensions of well-being

Wellness

Which of the following would be an example of a health-related problem related to human biology rather than culture? cholera from drinking contaminated water malnutrition because of a lack of fresh produce failing to treat a tooth cavity because of dental fees a child born with Down's syndrome (a genetic disorder)

a child born with Down's syndrome (a genetic disorder)

Primary health promotion strategies include which of the following? discourage unhealthy and high-risk behaviors require positive health behaviors in order to receive care identify unhealthy and high-risk behaviors provide incentives for positive health behaviors

discourage unhealthy and high-risk behaviors identify unhealthy and high-risk behaviors provide incentives for positive health behaviors

Which of the following strongly correlate to an individual's life span? drug use education Hair color obesity

drug use education obesity

Your _________ includes conditions in your home, workplace, and community.

environment

Health differences linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage are called

health disparities

Your environment includes substances and conditions where? in your home in your workplace in your community in your brain

in your home in your workplace in your community

Which of the following are ways of obtaining health insurance coverage in the United States? upon becoming a U.S. citizen through an employer through health exchanges through a professional group

through an employer through health exchanges through a professional group