Health Final

Jackie's fifth grade teacher calls out questions and points to the student he wants to answer. He requires absolute silence and an immediate response, and he rewards correct answers by throwing a piece of candy. His students probably

get high test scores, don't have a close relationship with the teacher, feel resentment

The drug Naltrexone is used to help treat alcoholism by

making it uncomfortable to drink

According to Martin Seligman, if people see themselves as the cause, they are at risk of

poor sense of self and learned helplessness.

Malignant tumors are out of control and invade other parts of the body, while benign tumors

pose no threat unless they are disrupting the body.

The twelve-step program was devised as

principles to help people recover from alcoholism

Sean tells you that he's creating a budget for himself. He tells you that he has trouble resisting impulse purchases, especially electronic gadgets and mountain biking gear. He also has trouble sticking to a budget because he knows his parents will bail him out if they have to. Sean has identified: (Choose all that apply.)

things to plan for in his behavior change strategy, barriers to his behavior change

The percentage of the Daily Value for each nutrient on food labels is based on a diet of how many calories per day?

2000

Peter is reading a label on a bottle of vodka at the liquor store and sees that it is 70-proof. What is the actual percentage of alcohol in that bottle?

35%

Some energy drinks may contain up to 400 milligrams in a 16-ounce drink, and medical professionals estimate that health problems can occur from consuming more than

600 milligrams per day

How long should an individual perform moderate intensity level 2 activities each week?

75 minutes

Which of the following best describes a chronic disease?

A disease that develops slowly and lasts for a long time

Individuals are more likely to build healthy physical activity habits if they view physical activity time as

A valuable investment

The liver is mainly responsible for

Alcohol metabolism

Based on the checklist provided in this chapter, which of the following people are NOT following healthy behaviors for preventing chronic diseases? (Choose all that apply)

Anne realizes that her life is just a series of events, Emily has friends who make her doubt her abilities, Felix understands that college is hard and he has no time to relax

Which of the following illnesses is NOT typically treated directly through clinical biofeedback?

Anxiety

According to the CDC, an improved diet would reduce the risk for all of the following EXCEPT

Arthritis

What intensity level for physical activity should be recommended to an individual who wants to achieve the greatest health results?

As much of intensity they are capable of

Digestion, perspiration, salivation, and other involuntary activities are functions of the

Autonomic nervous system

Which of the following is NOT a recommendation of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Balance your diet with whole grains and refined grains

Over 80 percent of the body's serotonin, a neurotransmitter often associated with feelings of well-being, is found in the

Bowels

Because there are so many viruses that cause colds, what are we NOT able to do?

Build up a resistance to colds

________ is an alkaloid that acts as a mild psychoactive stimulant and a mild diuretic, which means it increases the volume and rate of urination.

Caffeine

Higher levels of C-reactive protein, a known factor in _____________, are found in adults who grew up with low socioeconomic status and a harsh family environment.

Cardiovascular disease

Which of the following statements about Chi Gong are true? (Choose all that apply)

Chi Gong is a moving meditation, Chi Gong focuses on meridian and acupuncture points, Chi Gong is performed while sitting or standing

It is recommended that all adults get their ________ checked every 5 years, as it is a risk factor for heart disease and stroke.

Cholesterol

As part of the aging process, what happens when telomeres become shorter?

Chromosome repair is slowed

Living with continuous low-level anxiety is the path to

Chronic stress

Which of the following are NOT key modes of transmission in a chain of infection? (Choose all that apply)

Cold temperature, radiation exposure

Chris is a sophomore in college. He chose engineering as his major because he's always been interested in engineering and he loves math and physics. In spite of strong support from his close network of friends and family, he is struggling with the challenging classes, and is considering changing his major. Which of the three psychological needs identified by the self-determination theory (SDT) is Chris struggling with?

Competence

Dylan has decided to quit vaping. He hasn't developed a plan of action yet, but he's noticed that his friends who spend a lot of time vaping don't seem to be making much progress in their studies or their careers. Vaping seems to have a negative effect on their motivation. Which processes of change is Dylan using to move from the precontemplation to the contemplation stage of change? (Choose 2.)

Consciousness raising, environmental re-evaluation

Dori knows she needs to change her diet. She's tired of feeling sluggish and bloated. She's been researching various healthy eating plans, but hasn't identified one that she thinks she can maintain. She's hoping her next semester will be easier than this one, and thinks maybe she'll try to change her diet then. According to the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), Dori is in which stage of change?

Contemplation stage

In which of the TTM stages of change does decisional balance play the biggest role?

Contemplation stage

Racism, sexism, ageism, despotism, and terrorism are all grounded in what?

Contempt

Which of the following are goals of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services for 2020? (Choose all that apply)

Creating social environments that promote good health, Eliminating preventable diseases and premature death, Promoting healthy development across every stage of life

_______ activities make up level 1 of the physical activity pyramid.

Everyday

Studies have shown that neurogenesis, the process by which new brain cells or neurons are generated, greatly benefits from

Exercise

Sonia's roommate asks her to do more cleaning around their apartment. Sonia is devastated, and she's convinced that her roommate must hate her. What type of motivation and self-esteem does Sonia's reaction reflect? Choose all that apply.

Extrinsic Motivation and Achievement self-esteem

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health conducts surveys having to do with stress in the workplace. According to their research, nearly 50% percent of people report they are very stressed due to work.

False

Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion are the three stages of the ____________ Syndrome, which relates to changes in the structure and composition in the body during a stressful situation.

General adaptation

Deborah has had pain in her stomach for several weeks and some diarrhea, and today she noticed that the whites of her eyes are looking a bit yellow. What virus should she be most concerned with based on these symptoms?

Hepatitis

Which of the following tools can be used to measure stress? (Choose all that apply)

Holmes-Rahe Scale, questionnaire, brain-imaging

What should you NOT focus on when choosing a type of physical activity?

How beneficial the activity is based on artificial measures of fitness

Dr. Steven Maier discovered that the same neural loop that gives us the classic fight-or-flight response is the same neural loop that occurs as we deal with

Infection

Which of the following are NOT examples of complementary alternative medicine? (Choose all that apply)

Insulin, antidepressants, inhibitors

What does the metabolic equivalent of task measure?

Intensity of an activity

What are the three basic classifications of causes of uncontrollable situations identified by the helplessness hypothesis?

Internal, global, stable

Which of the following are NOT F.I.T.T principles? (Choose all that apply)

Interval

Relationships characterized by strong emotionally supportive bonds, frequent relating, trust, deep feelings of belonging and approval, and feelings that each person is benefiting from the relationship are

Intimate relationships

How does Harvard's Healthy Eating Plate differ from the USDA's MyPlate? (Choose all that apply)

It explains that whole grains are better than refined grains, It notes that potatoes and french fries don't count as vegetables

What does Jeffrey S. Levin, a pioneer in consciousness-related medical research, say about healing?

It is about much more than education

Oldways presents a variety of regional food pyramids. While they differ on some specifics, most of them agree on which of the following principles? (Choose all that apply)

Limit the amount of saturated fat and cholesterol , Control the total number of calories, Limit sugars and salts

Lately your brother has been snapping at you when you talk with him. He's just been diagnosed with high blood pressure, and your mom tells you he spends a lot of time alone in his apartment eating junk food. His work-from-home job is very flexible, but he seems stressed. Based on what you learned in this chapter, what could your brother be dealing with?

Lonliness

Which of the following is NOT a step of the immune response?

Lymphocytes start consuming the invader

In the following scenarios, who is presenting themselves in a healthy and confident way?

Maria states her opinions clearly, honestly, and respectfully, even if others don't agree, Julius listens respectfully, and is willing to change his mind based on the evidence and his own values

__________ causes the body to produce high levels of insulin, leading to insulin resistance and eventually diabetes.

Metabolic syndrome

__________ are needed in the body in very small amounts, and include vitamins and minerals.

Micronutrients

Although it is better to engage your best thinking, along with effective treatments, to discover the cause of a problem or illness, what do many people ignore?

Mind body signals

Normal behavior elicits a normal dopamine response, while addictive behavior elicits an extraordinary response which leads to which of the following? (Choose all that apply)

Normalized brain functioning begins to deteriorate, The decision-making process is greatly impaired, The brain has trouble perceiving what is salient

What nervous system is responsible for constricting bronchiolar diameter when the need for oxygen has diminished and for returning pupils to their normal size?

Parasympathetic

What are the three main types of parasites? (Choose the best three answers)

Protozoa, Helminths, Ectoparasites

The virulence of an infectious agent refers to its ability to do what?

Replicate and spread

What do people with the self-complexity model explore, making them better able to withstand stressful life circumstances?

Self-aspects

When Julie's mom met her boyfriend Philip for the first time, he seemed very uncomfortable when she hugged him. This seemed to upset her mom and put the meeting off to a bad start. How should Julie react to Philip's behavior?

She should try to understand why he was uncomfortable

What nervous system is responsible for enhancing blood flow to skeletal muscles and lungs and dilating the pupils to allow more light to enter the eye?

Sympathetic

AIDS and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of what type of infection?

Systemic

Sydney has committed to exercising at least three days each week. She's been following her plan successfully for almost two months. So far this week she has exercised twice. She made plans to work out with a friend at the campus fitness center on Saturday, but now that Saturday's here, she's feeling tired and her back hurts. Another friend invited her to watch a movie, and she really wants to do that instead. Which of the core constructs of the transtheoretical model (TTM) is Sydney experiencing?

Temptation

Jonah's parents have decided to separate. Looking back, Jonah wonders if there were any signs of them not being an unhappy married couple. Of the following, which was probably the biggest sign?

They often took separate sides on important family issues

According to cartesian dualism, what is true of the mind and body?

They work against each other

Testicular cancer most commonly affects which of the following groups of men?

Those in their 20's and 30's

Which of the following functions does water have in the body? (Choose all that apply)

Transports nutrients, helps eliminates wastes, helps regulate body temperature

Although prescription drugs have the purpose of helping someone, they are a common source for abuse of drugs and can lead to brain, heart, and mental problems.

True

Foods that cause a rapid rise in blood glucose have a high glycemic index. Those with a slower, more moderate effect on blood glucose levels have a lower glycemic index.

True

Individuals need to have activities from all levels of the physical activity pyramid to lead a healthy and balanced life.

True

People have individuals ways with how they deal with major traumas. However, putting thoughts into words and giving them expression helps individuals to cope more effectively.

True

Slowed digestion may initially cause discomfort in the form of indigestion, stomach-aches, or diarrhea. Stress can slow digestion, and prolonged stress may lead to functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome.

True

The mind and body are so entwined that what affects one affects the other, thus affecting our overall wellness.

True

Which of the following is NOT considered a viral disease?

Tuberculosis

Which of the following actions would be most effective in slowing the development of further resistance among bacteria? (Choose all that apply)

Wash your hands often with plain soap, avoid infections in the first place, updated vaccines

______ is the most common use of leisure time in the US.

Watching TV

Which of the following paradigms begins with the recognition that each of us is a complex being composed of mind and body functioning as a unified whole?

Wellness

Jon has some early symptoms of type 2 diabetes, and he wants to avoid developing the disease. What should he consider when he chooses carbohydrates? (Choose all that apply.)

What is the food's glycemic index and glycemic load, Whether the food is highly refined and processed

As a first step in living a healthy lifestyle, Mark is examining who he is and how he feels about himself. All of the following questions are helpful for him to consider, EXCEPT

Why am I not as strong as the healthy, successful students in my classes?

Which of the following are common symptoms of alcoholism? (Choose all that apply)

Withdrawal symptoms from stopping, Strong cravings for alcohol, Inability to limit one's drinking

When you think of well-being as your own state of being, what decides if you enjoy well-being?

Your choices

It is not typically necessary to visit a doctor for a common cold unless

Your symptoms last more than 10 days

Solution-focused therapy often asks the question of what your next day would be like if

a miracle occurred and your addiction disappeared.