Heat

Insulator

A poor heat conductor, heat energy does NOT pass through it easily.

Black

Absorbs most radiation. A black car will get hotter inside during the summertime.

Condensation

Gas to liquid

Deposition

Gas to solid

Conductor

Heat energy flows through a good conductor easily.

Latent Heat Capacity (L)

Indicates how easy it is to change the phase of a substance. Lv is the latent heat of vaporization - liquid to a gas. Lf is the latent heat of fusion - solid to a liquid. Calculated: Q (heat) = mass * Lv or Lf, depending on the phase change.

Evaporation

Liquid to gas

Freezing

Liquid to solid

Specific Heat Capacity

Measured in Calories/grams*degrees Celsius - it is the amount of heat (measured in calories) per unit of mass (usually measured in grams) to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius.

White

Reflects most radiation. We wear white in the summer to keep cool.

Sublimation

Solid to gas

Melting

Solid to liquid

States of Matter

Solid, Liquid & Gas

Potential Energy

Stored energy

Kelvin Scale

Temperature scale based on Absolute Zero, which is the temperature where all atomic and molecular motion stops. NOTHING can get colder than Absolute Zero!!! Water freezes at 273 Kelvin and boils at 373 K.

Celsius Scale

Temperature scale based on the temperature water freezes (0 degrees Celsius) and the temperature water boils (100 degrees Celsius).

Fahrenheit Scale

Temperature scale where water freezes at 32 degrees F and boils at 212 degrees F

Kinetic Energy

The energy of motion

Conduction

The transfer of heat between substances that are in contact. The better the conductor, the more rapid the transfer of heat.

Radiation

The transfer of heat through space and to an object by electromagnetic waves. The sun warms the Earth through radiation.

Convection

The up and down movement of gases and liquids caused by heat transfer.

Temperature

The way to measure the average kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules of a substance.

Heat

Thermal Energy that transfers between objects that are in thermal contact. Add heat and the temperature goes up. Heat is measured in calories or joules.