Hematology

Hypersegmented neutrophil

Folic Acid deficiency

Reticulocytes

For which determination is the Brilliant cresyl blue used MOST often?

•Intrinsic cell characteristics •Size (forward scatter) •Granularity (side scatter) •Extrinsic cell characteristics •Surface Antigens (fluorescence emitted by the MoAb bound to the specific antigens)

As cells exit the flow cell in single file, they intersect the laser and emit the following data:

The presence of Auer rods are highly indicative of myeloid blasts. Auer rods are not present within lymphoblasts, but can occasionally be found in monoblasts. In this case, the only condition that matches the symptoms and blood cells out of the choices above would be Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Auer Rod

Percentage of blood made up of red cells

Hematocrit is:

beta

Hemoglobin H bodies are tetramers of which globin chain?

integrity of the RBC membrane

Hemoglobin H bodies can directly alter the:

Polychromatic normoblast

Red blood cell formation of large amounts of hemoglobin usually begins in which developmental stage?

To caculate the total magnification, the ocular lense magnification must be MULTIPLIED by the objective lens magnification. In this case, 10x ocular X 40x objective = 400x total magnification.

What is the total magnification produced when using a 10X ocular lens and a 40X objective lens on a Bright Field light microscope?

Increased platelets in the plasma sample

What may prevent the detection of lupus anticoagulant in a plasma sample if the blood used for testing is not centrifuged for a sufficient time?

Liver

What organ is associated with the production of the majority of clotting factors?

performing a Prussian blue stain

When a few small, purple inclusions are found in erythrocytes, they can be confirmed as containing iron by:

erythropoietin

Which hormone is produced by the kidney and influences erythrocyte production?

MCV

Which of the following RBC indices is expressed in femtoliters?

Venuole, Vein, Artery

Which of the following best represents the quantity of resultant bleed in order of smallest bleed to largest (assuming identical trauma)?

Microthrombi disposition in small vessels

Which of the following causes schistocyte formation in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Lead poisoning

Which of the following disorders or diseases is associated with coarse basophilic stippling?

prolonged PT, decreased fibrinogen, decreased platelet count, increased FDP

Which of the following laboratory results would be seen in a patient with acute Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)?

Precipitation of hemoglobin G6PD deficiency causes an increased suseptibility to the oxidation of hemoglobin, which in turn, causes the precipitation of hemoglobin inside of the red blood cell.

Which one of the following conditions is associated with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency?

Hb A

With the exception of beta thalassemia minima, which hemoglobin is decreased in beta thalassemia?

bilobed neutrophil

Pelger-Huet anomaly

Phase contrast

What is the BEST type of microscopy for performing manual platelet counts?

Antibodies directed against platelet factor 4 (PF-4) and heparin complex

What is the mechanism of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?

The general formula for calculating cellular elements on a Neubauer hemocytometer is as follows: Count = [(Dilution Factor) x (Cell Count)] ÷ (Volume Counted mm3) *note: area counted for RBC squares = (0.2mm x 0.2mm x 0.1mm) x 5 squares = 0.020mm3 Count = (100 x 136) ÷ (0.020) = 680,000/mm3 (or 680 x 103/ µL) (Note: mm3 is the same volume as µL)

A 1:100 dilution of a patient peripheral blood was made and 136 Platelets were counted in 5 small RBC counting blocks of a Neubauer-ruled hemocytometer. What is the Platelet count?

HemoglobinX 3 = hematocrit

A simple check which can be employed to verify that hemoglobin and hematocrit values match would be:

decreased total iron-binding capacity (TIBC)

All of the following are characteristic findings in patients with iron deficiency anemia EXCEPT:

*Catalyze coagulation by releasing Platelet Factor 3 *Cause blood vessels to constrict by releasing serotonin *Form a plug to stop the flow of blood

All of the following statements describe a method by which platelets aid coagulation

A decrease in the rate of production of beta chains due to a partial or total deletion of loci from chromosome 11 that code for the beta chain.

How is beta thalassemia defined?

MCV normal range = 80-100 fL. This patient has normal RBC size or is normocytic. MCH normal range = 27-31 pg, MCHC normal range = 32-36%; therfore the cells are also normochromic as the MCH and MCHC are within normal limits.

How would the RBCs appear on the peripheral blood smear if the red cell indices obtained on a patient are as follows: MCV 88.5 f1 MCH 30.2 pg MCHC 33.1 %

CD36

In HbSS blood, an increased amount of which of the following surface antigens on young sickle cells (reticulocytes) may allow platelets to form a bridge between the reticulocytes and endothelial cells, ultimately leading to vaso-occlusion?

B cells

It has already been established that the gated cell population is lymphocytic in nature. CD19 and CD20 cell surface antigens both appear on what type of lymphocytes?

from a patient with multiple myeloma. The globular inclusions are immunoglobulin accumulations (Russell bodies) representing the accumulation of excessive mucopolysaccharides and globulins within endoplasmic reticulum.

Mott cell

Supravital stain

The arrows in the image point to Heinz bodies in erythrocytes. Which of the following stains was used to confirm the presence of these inclusions?

Zeta

The gene loci for the alpha globin chains are adjacent to the locus for which other globin chain ?

Dohle bodies

The light blue-gray inclusions observed in the cytoplasm of many of the bands and segmented neutrophils of a burn patient are MOST likely?

Neutrophil band

The most immature neutrophil found in normal peripheral blood is?

1.Record patient and sample information. 2.Check for fragments. 3.Review stain and smear quality. 4.Scan for tumor cells, cellularity, megakaryocytes etc. 5.Add oil and perform differential. 6.Calculate M:E ratio, record cellularity, megakaryocytes etc. 7.Send to hematopathologist for final review and interpretation.

The process of performing a bone marrow differential involves the following steps:

Some splenomegaly

What clinical characteristics might a person with beta thalassemia intermedia exhibit?

Typical laboratory findings in HH include elevated transferrin saturation, elevated serum ferritin, and presence of an HFE mutation. Elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit are not typically associated with HH.

hemochromatosis (HH)?