Hendo's chapter 9 history test. DONT FORGET THE MAP
Kublai Khan
(1215-1294) Grandson of Genghis Khan and founder of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China.
Who were the gentry?
-Wealthy landowners -studied confucian ideas -some became civil servants
Two facts about Wu Zhao (empress WU)
1. She was the only female emperor in china 2. She took place as emperor in 690
How long did the Tang Dynasty last
618-907 CE
Confucianism
A system of thought based on the teachings of Confucius that focused on proper behavior and respect for individuals and government
Angkor Wat
A temple complex built in the Khmer Empire and dedicated to the Hindu God, Vishnu.
Genghis Khan
A very cruel ruler that was the founder of the Mongols. He used cruelty as a weapon when conquering. He greatly expanded the Mongolian empire and was very ruthless.
What two religions made Neo-Confucianism
Daoism and Buddhism
What skill of the mongols increased their trade but destroyed their rule
Good maritime (sea) skills
Scholar official
Government official that passed a civil service exam
One factor that lead to the fall of the Tang Dynasty
Loss of control of Central Asia
How did geography the influence history and culture of Korea
Mountains and rivers decided where certain dynasties settled and the type of trade routes they made.
Song Dynasty in 5 words
Small, Robust, Peaceful, Flourishing, Advanced
Differences between the scholar official exams of the song and ming dynasties
The ming dynasty brought in a censor
Pax Mongolica
The period of approximately 150 years of relative peace and stability created by the Mongol Empire.
How were the pagans and the srivijaya similar
They built grand temples and followed buddhism
Why did the mongols need foreigners in government positions
They couldn't read or write
How did the chinese make up for losing the silk roads
They improved maritime (sea) skills
How did the mongols improve the infrastructure of their empire
They improved the silk roads and other trade routes
Why did the mongols have military success
They knew how to make attacks last and could plan with their smart rulers. Cruel.
What made the chinese people unhappy enough to fight back
They were sick of mongol rules and wanted their country back
Damn, I want to die
This took so long
Why were Civil Service Exams used
To demonstrate knowledge and find eligible candidates for government positions
disunion
a disunited, disorderly time
3 reasons the Tang Dynasty lost power
1. Too high of taxes 2. They expanded too much 3. Loss of control of Central Asia
why was the Sui Dynasty short-lived?
1. ruthless emperors = unpopular 2. failed attempt to conquer Korea (wasted resources and upset people) 3. Sui dynasty was overthrown
The Great Wall
A barrier made of walls across China's northern frontier. made by the Ming dynasty
What was a censor
A government position that looked over the morals of leadership and watch the quality of schools
Pagan
A kingdom that was made by the Burma's in the Irrawaddy river valley
Gunpowder
A mixture of powders used in guns and explosives
Isolationism
A national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs
Mongols
A people of this name is mentioned as early as the records of the Tang Empire, living as nomads in northern Eurasia. After 1206 they established an enormous empire under Genghis Khan, linking western and eastern Eurasia.
Clans
Big kinship groups that often traveled together
Who were the Samurai
Bodyguards that were hired to protect warlords
What religion spread all throughout china during the time of the tang and song dynasties
Buddhism
Difference between Daoism, Confucianism, and buddhism
Daoism suggested living in harmony with all of creation, while confucianism focused more on actions. Buddhism is similar, but introduced reincarnation.
3 ways disunion affected chinese culture
Dress, music, art
Why were civil service exams unfair
Education costed money, so only wealthy people made it.
Impactful inventions
Gunpowder, woodblock printing, faster growing rice, porcelain
What drove Genghis Khan to cruelty
He wanted revenge for the poverty that his family lived through.
How did the mongols keep control of the chinese
Heavily taxed and keeping them from government positions
How would of china evolved if it didn't become isolated
Improved technology
What other 2 religions spread during the song and tang dynasties
Islam and christianity
Why was the grand canal one of the Sui's greatest achievements
It became such a big trade route
Why were all of the cultures of Southeast Asia influenced by India, but Vietnam wasn't
It was closer to china
The Silk Road
Mongols reopened this passage connecting Asia to Europe
How did geography influence the history and culture of Southeast Asia
Most of the empires settled around big river systems like the pagans on the Irrawaddy
3 technologies made by tang and song dynasties
Moveable type printer, explosives, paper money
2 agricultural advancements
New quick rice Terracing
Pastoralists
Nomads that herded domestic animals
Incentives for civil service exams
Power, respect, wealth, reduced consequences
How would you characterize the tang dynasty's behavior toward Korea
Pretty neutral because the Silla payed peace money and modeled their government around them.
What dynasty completed the Grand Canal
Tang Dynasty
Grand Canal
The 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire. Connected north and south china.
Similarities and differences between the Silla and Koryo
The Koryo's kept some chinese influence, but put their own twist on it, instead of exactly copying it.
Koryo Dynasty (Korea)
The final dynasty in Korea before the mongols took over.
Shinto Religion
The first religion of Japan, "The way of the Gods." Shinto celebrates the mysteries and unforeseen forces of nature. Animistic. According to Shinto beliefs, divine spirits called kami are associated with the awesome forces of nature, such as rushing rivers, thundering waterfalls, etc.
Silla Dynasty
The first ruling dynasty to bring a measure of political unity to the Korean peninsula (688-900). One of the 3 initial Korean dynasties.
What were women known for during the Heian Period
The writings from the women of the court, such as The Tale of Genji
How did the gentry attain their status in Chinese society?
Through education and civil service exams
What was foot binding?
Tight wrapping of foot to make feet smaller which was a sign of wealth and status. Put women under male supervision since they couldn't walk
How did wealth limit the lower class from becoming scholar officials
To get education, they needed money
What 3 ways did isolationism decline the empire
Unable to advance technology, defend against invaders, and adapt to country's needs.
Bureaucracy
Unelected body of government officials who administer the day-to-day operations of government
Marco Polo
Venetian merchant and traveler. His accounts of his travels to China offered Europeans a firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated interest in Asian trade. TRAVELED TO CHINESE CITIES.
Three parts of Chinese culture that Japan adopted
Writing, art, and government
Do you think Mongol policies toward chinese citizens were effective.
Yes and No. For a while they worked, but the strictness caused the chinese to rebel.
How was the Yuan dynasty's social system different from the song dynasty's
Yuan banned Confucius ideas
woodblock printing
a form of printing in which an entire page is carved into a block of wood
Incentive
a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
Khmer empire
a powerful empire that lasted roughly from the 9th to the 15th centuries in what is now Cambodia
consequence
a result of something, often negative
magnetic compass
a tool that shows which direction is north
Porcelain
a translucent pottery
Civil service
service as a government official