Herbicides
cell division
All living things grow by making more cells, a process called __________ __________
improperly handled or used
Any herbicide is potentially dangerous if
cover crops, cultivation
Besides using different herbicides, what are other ways to prevent resistant weeds?
Some weeds survive the herbicide, they reproduce and pass on the trait to survive
How does herbicide resistance develop?
label from the herbicide
If you are poisoned by a herbicide what should you take with you to the hospital?
kill or injure the crop you plant next year
If you spray too late in the year you risk residual toxicity. What problem could this cause?
No, can accidentally poison and kill someone
Is it OK to store left over herbicide in an empty drink bottle? Why?
1. Stop photosynthesis 2. Block enzymes to make protein 3. Block enzymes to make lipid 4. Block growth hormones 5. Block cell division 6. Rupture cell membrane
List the 6 ways herbicides can kill weeds
consume from open container herbicide drifts into their drinking water eating sprayed plants
Name 3 ways livestock can be exposed to herbicide
kills all types of plants
Roundup is a broad spectrum herbicide. What does this mean?
cell membrane
Some herbicides cause plant cells to explode by attacking the _______ ________
cell division
Some herbicides prevent plants from growing by blocking _________ _______ so they can't make new cells.
photosynthesis
Some herbicides starve plants out by preventing __________ so they can't make carbohydrates
growth hormones
Some herbicides work by blocking the ________ ________ that stimulate plants to grow.
enzymes
Some herbicides work by blocking the __________ that make proteins and lipids
eat, drink, smoke
What 3 things should you never do while using a herbicide?
use for energy or convert to lipid and protein
What do plants do with the carbohydrates they make during photosynthesis?
oxygen
What extra molecule do plants give off during photosynthesis?
The dose that kills 50% of test animals
What is LD50 ?
After it has rained or the plants are dead
What is it safe to allow livestock to graze in pasture that has been sprayed with herbicide?
5 miles per hour
What is the maximum wind speed for spraying herbicide?
microbes in soil
What is the primary way that herbicides break down and are no longer effective?
protein
What molecule do you get when you put several amino acids together?
drift
What problem are you preventing by waiting for a less windy day to spray herbicide?
laws about the use of the herbicide
What should you be familiar with before using any herbicide?
bathe and wash clothes
What should you do as soon as you are done applying a herbicide?
larger drops
What size drops of herbicide should you use to reduce drift?
runoff
What term refers to rain water moving over the ground and carrying herbicide to the rivers and other bodies of water?
When plants photosynthesize, they take in H2O through their roots and CO2 through their leaves and use sunlight to convert them into carbohydrate
When plants photosynthesize, they take in ________ through their roots and _______ through their leaves and use sunlight to convert them into _________.
paraquat
Which herbicide attacks the cell membrane of weeds?
2,4-D
Which herbicide is an auxin and was used in the agent orange from the Vietnam War?
paraquat
Which herbicide is called a burn down because it works so quickly?
paraquat
Which herbicide is deadly if only 1 teaspoon is ingested?
Roundup
Which herbicide kills weeds by blocking enzymes that make amino acids
Poast
Which herbicide kills weeds by blocking the enzyme that makes lipids
2,4-D
Which herbicide kills weeds by mimicking growth hormone and causing an overgrowth of cells in vascular tissue which blocks the flow of water to leaves
Command
Which herbicide makes weeds turn white by destroying chlorophyll
Lasso, Treflan, Atrazine, Command
Which herbicides kill weeds to preventing photosynthesis?
Lasso, Treflan
Which herbicides must be in the soil before weeds germinate?
Lasso, Treflan
Which herbicides prevent cell division in germinating weeds?
LD50 of 100 is the more toxic
Which is more toxic, a herbicide with an LD50 of 100 or one with an LD50 of 200?
carbohydrate
Which type of molecule do plants make when they photosynthesize?
palmer amaranth (palmer pigweed)
Which weed became roundup resistant in the South and is spreading?
To prevent resistance
Why is it important to use herbicides with multiple modes of action?
prevent drift
Why should you adjust the height of your sprayer to be as close to the ground as possible?
drift
____________ occurs when herbicide spreads through the air to unintended areas while it is being spayed.