HESI Exam Fundamental of Nursing

Which nursing process would the nurse undertake when collecting the medical history of a client?

Assessment

When conducting a client interview, which nurse's response is an example of back channeling?

"All right, go on..."

During a routine physical, a 50-year-old client asks why a stool specimen for occult blood testing was prescribed. Which response would the nurse utilize?

"Starting at your age, this test is performed routinely as part of an assessment for colon cancer."

In which sequence of techniques would the nurse assess a client's abdomen?

1. Inspection 2. Auscultation 3. Percussion 4. Palpation

Which documentation would the nurse utilize to report that a client's degree of edema has a depth of 8 mm?

4+

Planning to provide self-care health information for several clients, which client would the nurse anticipate will be the most motivated to learn?

A 56-year-old client who had a heart attack last week and is requesting information about exercise

Which definition does the World Health Organization (WHO) use to define "health"?

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being

Which potential health problem would the nurse include in the young adult's discharge teaching?

Accidents, including their prevention

Which principle refers to the professional obligation of the nurse to assume responsibility for actions?

Accountability

When informing the health care provider of a client requesting pain medication after surgery, which role did the nurse play?

Advocate

The nurse applies a cold pack to relieve musculoskeletal pain. Which rationale explains the analgesic properties of cold therapy?

Causes local vasoconstriction, preventing edema and muscle spasms

While assessing the carotid pulses, which term refers to a blowing sound created by blood turbulence when passing through narrowed arteries?

Bruit

Which statement is not true of concepts?

Concepts consist of interrelated theories

Which purpose describes the Nurse Practice Acts?

Describe and define the legal boundaries of nursing practice within each state

Which statement is not true of descriptive theories?

Descriptive theories help direct specific nursing activities

Which role is the nurse fulfilling when explaining the reason for the intravenous infusion and kit to the client?

Educator

Which variable is an internal variable?

Emotional factors

Which program is least likely to focus on medication delivery process modification?

Experimental research

Which research design would the nurse researcher utilize when examining subjects' responses to chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine as antiseptic?

Experimental research

Which critical thinking skill in nursing practice requires the nurse to possess knowledge and experience for choosing care strategies for clients?

Explanation

School health nursing programs have which goal?

Health promotion

A client who is in the advanced stages of illness asks the nurse to contact pastoral services for support. According to the Macmillan model, which is the correct nursing intervention in this situation?

Immediately involve pastoral services while caring for the client

Which step in the nursing process would involve promoting a safe environment for the client?

Implementation

Which skill in critical thinking requires the nurse to be orderly in data collection?

Interpretation

Which database would the nurse use to find studies related to allied health sciences?

MEDLINE

Which statement correctly describes middle-range theories? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Middle-range theories provide a basis to help nurses understand how clients cope with uncertainty and the illness response; Middle-range theories include Mishel's theory of uncertainty in illness, which focuses on a client's experiences with cancer while living with continual uncertainty; These theories tend to focus on a specific field of nursing (such as uncertainty, incontinence, social support, quality of life, and caring) rather than reflect on a wide variety of nursing care situations

Which point would the nurse not associate with grand theories of nursing?

Mischel's theory of uncertainty in illness

Which member of the interprofessional team in a palliative care setting serves as the client advocate, evaluating the physical, emotional, and spiritual need of the client?

Nurse

Which client assessment finding would the nurse document as subjective data?

Pain rating of 5

Which group benefits from Medicare?

People who are 65 years or olders

Which theory focuses on developing the interpersonal relationships between the nurse, client, and the client's family?

Peplau's theory

Which assessing technique involves tapping a client's skin with the fingertips to cause vibrations in the underlying tissues?

Percussion

Which activity places a client at risk for hyperthermia?

Performing strenuous activity in high humidity

An adolescent client with sickle cell anemia is experiencing a painful episode (vaso-occlusive crisis) and has a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. The current pain rating is 5 on a scale of 1 to 10 at the right elbow. The nurse observes that the pump is "locked out" for another 10 minutes. Which action would the nurse implement?

Placing the prescribed as-needed warm, wet compress on the elbow

Which step of the nursing process is directly affected if the nurse does not make a nursing diagnosis?

Planning

Which cation regulates intracellular osmolarity?

Potassium

Which function is the role of the nurse administrator in a health care setting?

Preparing the budget, staffing, strategic planning of programs and services, employee evaluations, and employee development

The nurse is caring for a child who has an external fixation device on the leg. Which is the nurse's priority goal when providing pin care?

Preventing infection

Which term would the nurse use to document a client with drooping of the eyelid over the pupil?

Ptosis

Which nursing practice is associated with a self-regulation skill?

Reflecting on one's experience

The nurse finds the client's fever spikes and falls without a return to a normal level. Which pattern of fever is this a characteristic?

Remittent

Upon assessing a client who is receiving chemotherapy, the nurse notes the client is using a scarf to cover her head. The nurse asks the client about coping with her altered body image. Which functional pattern would the assessment include?

Self-perception-self-tolerance pattern

While assessing a client after surgery, which finding would the nurse obtain from the primary source?

Severity of pain

Which variable is an example of an external variable?

Socioeconomic factors

The nurse assessed a client's pulse rate and recorded the score as 3+. Which descriptor reflects the strength of the pulse?

Strong

Refusing to follow the prescribed treatment regimen, a client plans to leave the hospital against medical advice. Which is it important for the nurse to explain to the client?

The client must accept full responsibility for possible undesirable outcomes

When developing a nursing diagnosis for a client after surgery, the nurse documents the "related to" factor as first-time surgery. Which assessment activity enabled the nurse to draw this conclusion.?

The nurse asks the client to explain the surgery

Which characteristic would the nurse associate with collaborative problems experienced by a client?

They are identified by the nurse during the nursing diagnosis stage

Which is the role of a case manager in a health care organization?

To follow up with the client after discharge

While examining a client, the nurse finds a 0.6 cm circumscribed elevation of the skin filled with serous fluid on the cheek. Which term would the nurse utilize for documentation?

Vesicle