HESI MS II REVIEW

Which child is at the highest risk for blunt trauma associated with the indirect entry (hematogenous stage) of microorganisms? 8-year-old boy 10-year-old girl 13-year-old girl 14-year-old boy

8-year-old boy

When preparing a client for discharge after a thyroidectomy, the nurse teaches the signs of hypothyroidism. When teaching when to call the primary healthcare provider, what statement made by the client shows that teaching was effective? "I should call the primary healthcare provider for dry hair and an intolerance to cold." "I should call the primary healthcare provider for muscle cramping and sluggishness." "I should call the primary healthcare provider for fatigue and an increased pulse rate." "I should call the primary healthcare provider for tachycardia and an increase in weight."

"I should call the primary healthcare provider for dry hair and an intolerance to cold."

What is the most probable cause for Conn's syndrome in an adult client? Genetic cause Adrenal adenoma High level of angiotensin II Elevated level of plasma rennin

Adrenal adenoma

A client is admitted for hypertension, and serum electrolyte studies have yielded abnormal results. The scheduled workup includes a scan for an aldosteronoma. What gland is affected in aldosteronoma? Kidney cortex Thyroid gland Pituitary gland Adrenal cortex

Adrenal cortex

Which hormone does the nurse state binds to the receptor site on the surface of a target cell? Estrogen Adrenaline Aldosterone Hydrocortisone

Adrenaline

Which hormonal deficiency reduces the growth of axillae and pubic hair in female clients? Growth hormone Antidiuretic hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

A client is scheduled for an abdominal surgery. What is the priority preoperative nursing objective when caring for this client? Recording accurate vital signs Alleviating the client's anxiety Teaching about early ambulation Maintaining the client's nutritional status

Alleviating the client's anxiety

Which exogenous conditions are responsible for increased cortisol secretion? Select all that apply. Asthma Adrenal adenomas Cancer chemotherapy Organ transplantation Carcinomas of the lung

Asthma Cancer chemotherapy Organ transplantation

A client is admitted to the emergency department with a head injury. A computed tomography (CT) scan shows a subdural hematoma. How should the nurse interpret this finding of a subdural hematoma? Blood within the brain tissue Blood in the subarachnoid space Blood between the dura and the skull Blood between the dura mater and the arachnoid layer

Blood between the dura mater and the arachnoid layer

During an assessment, the nurse shines a light into the client's eyes and observes that the pupil remains dilated. Which cranial nerve (CN) does the nurse suspect to be affected? CN III CN V CN VII CN VIII

CN III

A client reports buzzing in the ear for the past 5 days and a decreased ability to hear sounds. After interacting with the client, the nurse finds that the client is receiving long-term aminoglycoside therapy. Which cranial nerve should the nurse suspect to be affected? CN III CN V CN VII CN VIII

CN VIII

A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from the postanesthesia care unit after having a thyroidectomy. Which action has priority during the first 24 hours after surgery when the nurse is concerned about thyroid storm? Performing range-of-motion exercises Humidifying the room air continuously Assessing for hoarseness every two hours Checking vital signs every two hours after they stabilize

Checking vital signs every two hours after they stabilize

A nurse teaches a client who has had a thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer to observe for signs of surgically induced hypothyroidism. What should be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply. Dry skin Lethargy Insomnia Tachycardia Sensitivity to cold

Dry skin Lethargy Sensitivity to cold

After taking spironolactone, the client inquires about foods and fluids that contain potassium. Which juice should the nurse recommend? Prune juice Orange juice Tomato juice Cranberry juice

Cranberry juice

Which drug would be effective for the treatment of pituitary Cushing's syndrome? Mitotane Cabergoline Cyproheptadine Bromocriptine mesylate

Cyproheptadine

Which type of drug-induced hormonal imbalance is likely to be observed in the client undergoing treatment with demeclocycline? Acromegaly Diabetes mellitus Diabetes insipidus Cushing's syndrome

Diabetes insipidus

The nurse evaluates that the teaching about myasthenic and cholinergic crises is understood when a client who is diagnosed with myasthenia gravis states that which characteristic is common to both crises? Diarrhea Salivation Difficulty breathing Abdominal cramping

Difficulty breathing

To help prevent long-term complications associated with gastric bypass surgery, the nurse needs to educate the client. Identify the factors that should be included in the nurse's teaching plan for this client. Select all that apply. Eat foods rich in calcium. Ingest three small feedings daily. Limit fluids to 1500 mL daily. Consume a diet high in protein. Receive cyanocobalamin injections routinely.

Eat foods rich in calcium. Consume a diet high in protein. Receive cyanocobalamin injections routinely.

Which hormonal deficiency would increase the client's risk for fractures? Growth hormone Follicle-stimulating hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Growth hormone

A client who had a transurethral resection of the prostate is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit with an intravenous (IV) line and a urinary retention catheter. For which major complication is it most important for the nurse to assess during the immediate postoperative period? Sepsis Phlebitis Hemorrhage Leakage around the IV catheter

Hemorrhage

What are the primary causes of adrenal insufficiency? Select all that apply. Hemorrhage Tuberculosis Pituitary tumors Postpartum pituitary necrosis Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Hemorrhage Tuberculosis Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

A nurse is assessing a client with Cushing syndrome. Which signs should the nurse expect the client to exhibit? Select all that apply. Hirsutism Round face Pitting edema Buffalo hump Hypoglycemia

Hirsutism Round face Buffalo hump

Which hormone promotes bone resorption in a client? Estrogen Calcitonin Growth hormone Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

The nurse reviews the diagnostic reports of a client and discovers that the client has an injury to cranial nerve VII. What will the nurse observe upon assessment? Inhibition of tear production Inhibition of peripheral vision Impairment of eye movement Impairment of pupil constriction

Inhibition of tear production

Which hormones are involved in building and maintaining healthy bone tissue? Select all that apply. Insulin Thyroxine Glucocorticoids Growth hormone Parathyroid hormone

Insulin Growth hormone

Which metabolic manifestations are likely to be observed in a client with hypothyroidism? Select all that apply. Impaired memory Intolerance to cold Difficulty breathing Decreased blood pressure Decreased body temperature

Intolerance to cold Decreased body temperature

Which part of the kidney produces the hormone bradykinin? Kidney tissues Kidney parenchyma Renin-producing granular cells Juxtaglomerular cells of the arterioles

Juxtaglomerular cells of the arterioles

A nurse is providing postoperative teaching to a client who is scheduled to have an above-the-knee amputation. The client will use crutches during the postoperative period. Which activity will prepare the client for crutch walking? Lifting weights Changing bed positions Caring for the residual limb Performing phantom limb exercises

Lifting weights

After a mild brain attack (cerebrovascular accident, CVA) a client has difficulty grasping objects with the dominant hand. To increase hand mobility and strength, what specific range-of-motion exercise should the nurse teach the client? Eversion Supination Opposition Circumduction

Opposition

Which hormone is released from the posterior pituitary gland? Oxytocin Prolactin Growth hormone Luteinizing hormone

Oxytocin

Which cells does the nurse identify as producing thyrocalcitonin hormone? Islet cells Adrenal cells Pituitary cells Parafollicular cells

Parafollicular cells

Which hormone regulates blood levels of calcium? Parathormone Luteinizing hormone Thyroid stimulating hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Parathormone

Bed rest is prescribed after a client's cerebrovascular accident (CVA, "brain attack") results in right hemiplegia. Which exercises should the nurse incorporate into the client's plan of care 24 hours after the brain attack? Passive range-of-motion exercises Active exercises of the extremities Light weight-lifting exercises of the right side Isotonic exercises that will capitalize on returning muscle function

Passive range-of-motion exercises

The serum potassium level of a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis is 5.4 mEq/L (5.4 mmol/L). What would the nurse expect to see on the ECG tracing monitor? Abnormal P waves and depressed T waves Peaked T waves and widened QRS complexes Abnormal Q waves and prolonged ST segments Peaked P waves and an increased number of T waves

Peaked T waves and widened QRS complexes

Which laboratory value may indicate hyperfunction of the adrenal gland in a client? Sodium: 143 mEq/L Potassium: 2.9 mEq/L Bicarbonate: 25 mEq/L Total calcium: 10 mg/dL

Potassium: 2.9 mEq/L

Which hormone does the nurse state has both inhibiting and releasing action? Prolactin Somatostatin Somatotropin Gonadotropin

Prolactin

What are the most common hormones produced in excess with hyperpituitarism? Select all that apply. Prolactin Growth hormone Luteinizing hormone Antidiuretic hormone Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

Prolactin Growth hormone

A client is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit after undergoing a pyelolithotomy. The client's urinary output is 50 mL/hr. What should the nurse do? Record the output as an expected finding. Encourage the client to drink oral fluids. Milk the client's nephrostomy tube. Notify the primary healthcare provider.

Record the output as an expected finding.

What are examples of a client's flat bones? Select all that apply. Sacrum Scapula Sternum Humerus Mandible

Scapula Sternum

When assessing a client, the nurse observes that the client cannot close the right eye. Which cranial nerve should the nurse assess further? Tenth Fourth Second Seventh

Seventh

Which condition is characterized by hemorrhage after a pregnant female delivers? Sheehan's syndrome Cushing's syndrome Addison's syndrome Schwartz-Bartter syndrome

Sheehan's syndrome

A client has an abdominoperineal resection. Which position should the nurse encourage the client to assume to promote perineal wound healing? Sims Side-lying Knee-chest Dorsal recumbent

Side-lying

Which hormone is released from the pancreas? Oxytocin Prolactin Calcitonin Somatostatin

Somatostatin

A client who has had a subtotal thyroidectomy does not understand how hypothyroidism can develop when the problem was initially hyperthyroidism. On what fact should the nurse base her response? Hypothyroidism is a gradual slowing of the body's function. There will be a decrease in pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). There may not be enough thyroid tissue to supply adequate thyroid hormone. Atrophy of tissue remaining after surgery reduces secretion of thyroid hormones.

There may not be enough thyroid tissue to supply adequate thyroid hormone.

When assessing the laboratory values of a client with type 2 diabetes, what would the nurse expect the results to reveal? Ketones in the blood but not in the urine Glucose in the urine but not in the blood Urine and blood positive for glucose and ketones Urine negative for ketones and positive glucose in the blood

Urine negative for ketones and positive glucose in the blood

While awaiting the biopsy report before removal of a bone tumor, the client reports being afraid of a diagnosis of cancer. How should the nurse respond? "Worrying is not going to help the situation." "Let's wait until we hear what the biopsy report says." "It is very upsetting to have to wait for a biopsy report." 4 "Operations are not performed unless there are no other options."

"It is very upsetting to have to wait for a biopsy report."

A client has a kidney transplant. The nurse should monitor for which assessment findings associated with rejection of the transplant? Select all that apply. Fever Oliguria Jaundice Polydipsia Weight gain

Fever Oliguria Weight gain

The clinical findings of a client with diabetes mellitus show decreased glucose tolerance. Which complication is anticipated in the client? Cystitis Thin and dry skin Decreased bone density Frequent yeast infections

Frequent yeast infections

Which hormone secretion does the nurse state is an example of a positive feedback mechanism? Insulin Estradiol Parathormone Catecholamines

Estradiol

A nurse is formulating a teaching plan for a client recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. What interventions should the nurse include to decrease the risk of complications? Select all that apply. Examine the feet daily Wear well-fitting shoes Perform regular exercise Powder the feet after showering Visit the primary healthcare provider weekly Test bathwater with the toes before bathing

Examine the feet daily Wear well-fitting shoes Perform regular exercise

Which actions should the nurse take for a client who underwent cerebral angiography? Select all that apply. Wipe off the gel applied before the test Maintain pressure dressing for two hours Remove the electrodes gently and thoroughly Obtain vital signs and complete neurologic checks Check dressing for bleeding and swelling around the site

Maintain pressure dressing for two hours Obtain vital signs and complete neurologic checks Check dressing for bleeding and swelling around the site

A client returns from surgery after a right below-the-knee amputation with the residual limb elevated on a pillow to prevent edema. In which position should the nurse place the client after the first postoperative day? With the residual limb immobilized Turn client to prone position at least three times a day For short periods in the right side-lying position With the residual limb elevated for a total of three days

Turn client to prone position at least three times a day