HESI Nutrition
A nurse provides dietary teaching for a client with an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis, and afterward the client makes a list of foods that can be included on the diet. Which food choices indicate that the teaching by the nurse is effective? Select all that apply. A. eggs B. orange juice C. roast beef D. jelly E. milk
A. eggs C. roast beef D. jelly
The nurse assesses a client for the development of pernicious anemia after reviewing the client's history. Which condition did the nurse most likely find in the history? A. gastrectomy B. Dietary intake C. The beta cells D. Hemorrhaging
A. gastrectomy
Symptoms of Addison disease include (select all that apply) A. hypotension B. hypertension C. dehydration D. hypoglycemia E. hyperglycemia F. hyperpigmentation of the skin
A. hypotension C. dehydration D. hypoglycemia F. hyperpigmentation of the skin
During the initial prenatal visit of a woman at 23 weeks' gestation, the nurse discovers that she has a history of pica. What is the most appropriate nursing action? A. is the diet sufficient B. If a substance is nontoxic to the mother C. Iron deficiency D. indicate a psychologic disturbance
A. is the diet sufficient
A nurse is assessing a malnourished client with a history of cirrhosis. The client is experiencing nausea, ascites, and gastrointestinal bleeding. What is the primary cause of the client's ascites? A. Vitamins B. A decrease in plasma protein to maintain adequate capillary-tissue circulation C. Iron D. decrease in sodium levels
B. A decrease in plasma protein to maintain adequate capillary-tissue circulation
Body Mass index ranges 18.5 to 24.9 is 25 to 29.9 is 30 to 35 is > 35 is
Normal Weight overweight obese clinically or extremely obese
Which statement is true about the diet plan for toddlers? A. should be given low-fat or skimmed milk B. Milk should be supplemented with solid food items like vegetables and fruits. C. The intake of milk should be limited to 5 to 6 cups
Milk should be supplemented with solid food items like vegetables and fruits.
___________ deficiency may not lead to a decrease in bone mineral density. A. Zinc B. Folic acid C. Calcium D. Iron
Zinc
A client is to receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via a central venous access device/catheter. What information about this treatment would the nurse recognize as accurate? A. can be infused intermittently B. Placement of the tube after the procedure is verified by fluoroscopy C. The jugular veins are used most often
can be infused intermittently
The normal magnesium level A.is 1.8 to 2.6 mEq/L . B.is 2.2 to 2.8 mEq/L C.is 2.8 to 3.6 mEq/L D.is 3.8 to 4.6 mEq/L
is 1.8 to 2.6 mEq/L (0.74 to 1.07 mmol/L).
The normal calcium level A.is 8 to 12.5 mg/dL B.is 12 to 15 mg/dL C.is 9 to 10.5 mg/dL D.is 13 to 21 mg/dL
is 9 to 10.5 mg/dL (2.25 to 2.75 mmol/L).
for each gram of sugar _________ kcal A. it is 4 B. it is 9 C. it is 6 D. it is 2
it is 4
A slightly overweight client is to be discharged from the hospital after a cholecystectomy. What is most important for the nurse to include in teaching the client about nutrition? A. A low-protein diet B. a low-calorie diet C. vitamin C, vitamin A, and zinc D. low fatty foods needed
low fatty foods needed
Teen pregnancy is associated with a high risk for pregnancy complications and poor outcomes because (select all that apply) A. with increased rates of low birth weight B. higher than normal birth weight C. preterm delivery D. infant mortality.
with increased rates of low birth weight preterm delivery infant mortality.
The nurse is helping an adolescent with iron-deficiency anemia make breakfast meal choices. Which foods should the nurse suggest? A. one slice of wheat bread B. 1 cup of blueberry fruit yogurt C. ¾ cup raisin bran D. apple fruit cup
¾ cup raisin bran, 13.5 mg
Is found in water sources or unpasteurized dairy and can be transferred through chickens and birds through feces? A. Listeria monocytogenes B. campylobacter jejuni C. clostridium botulinum D. Salmonella typhi
campylobacter jejuni
Which foods are complete proteins?
egg, milk, cheese, meat, poultry, fish
Weight loss can reduce
elevated blood glucose levels and blood pressure in obese people.
A client with heart disease asks about cholesterol intake. When teaching the client, the nurse will explain what about cholesterol? A. contributes to LDL B. cholesterol increases HDL levels C. cholesterol does not contributes to heart disease D. Cholesterol is not produced by the body
A. contributes to LDL
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Crohn disease. What is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for this client? A. Constipation B. Preventing an increase in weakness C. Anticipating a sexual alteration D. Meeting nutritional needs
D. Meeting nutritional needs
While a nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about food choices, the client states, "I do not like broccoli." Which food should the nurse suggest to substitute for broccoli? A. Mashed potato B. Corn C. Green beans D. Peas
Green beans
The current protein recommendations for adults 65 years old and older are to consume between _____________ depending on their health status A. 2.0 and 2.5 g of protein/kg/day B. 3.0 and 3.5 g of protein/kg/day C.1.0 and 1.5 g of protein/kg/day D. 4.0 and 5.5 g of protein/kg/day
1.0 and 1.5 g of protein/kg/day
An underweight person is someone who is more than ______ below the average weight for height and age. A. 20% B. 17.5% C. 15% D. 10%
10%
What is the required average daily intake of calories in preschoolers? A. 1800 B. 2100 C. 2700 D. 1200
1800
A balanced diet consists of about _____ fat, with an emphasis on monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat sources. A. 40% B. 30% C.50% D. 20%
30%
A well-designed diet contains enough carbohydrates to meet _________ of total kilocalorie needs, with an emphasis on complex carbohydrates (e.g., whole grains, vegetables). A. 45% to 65% B. 55% to 75% C. 75% to 85% D. 35% to 55%
45% to 65%
During the first 3 years of life, children need between ___________ to support rapid growth. A. 100 and 140 kcal/kg/d B. 120 and 160 kcal/kg/d C. 80 and 120 kcal/kg/d D. 60 and 100 kcal/kg/d
80 and 120 kcal/kg/d
what are red flags when you're discharging a 3 day old baby what to report to provider
A loss of 12 oz (340 g) since birth, or more than 10%, is higher than the acceptable figure of 5% to 6%. Hemoglobin of 16.2 g/dL (162 mmol/L), total serum bilirubin of 10 mg/dL (171 µmol/L), and three wet diapers over the last 12 hours are all normal and expected findings.
What has the highest level of potassium? A. Broccoli B. Oatmeal C. Rice D. Cooked fresh carrots
A. Broccoli 207 mg per half cup C. Cooked fresh carrots 172 mg per half cup
_____________ is not necessary for blood clotting. (select all that apply) A. Calcium B. Cholesterol C. Vitamin K
A. Calcium C. Vitamin K
A nurse is discussing an infant's diet with a mother who is breastfeeding. Why should the nurse recommend that the infant be offered solid foods by 5 or 6 months of age? Select all that apply A. Fetal iron reserves are depleted by the fifth to sixth month. B. food can be taken from spoon C. fetal iron depleted
A. Fetal iron reserves are depleted by the fifth to sixth month. B. food can be taken from spoon C. fetal iron depleted
To reduce the risk of recurrent painful gout attacks, the nurse teaches the client to avoid which foods? Select all that apply. A. Liver B. Eggs C. Fish D. Shellfish
A. Liver D. Shellfish
When assessing the characteristics of an adolescent with anorexia nervosa, how does the nurse expect to describe the adolescent? A. Perfectionistic B. Overweight C. Muscley
A. Perfectionistic
A parent is worried about the infant's excessive dependence on nonnutritive sucking. Which intervention will help decrease this dependence? A. Prolong feeding time B. Using a pacifier as soon as the crying begins C. Using infant formulas D. Wrapping the infant snugly
A. Prolong feeding time
A nurse instructs a client with viral hepatitis about the type of diet that should be ingested. Which lunch selected by the client indicates understanding about dietary principles associated with this diagnosis? A. Salad, sliced chicken sandwich, gelatin dessert B. Turkey salad, french fries, and sherbet C. Cottage cheese, mixed fruit salad, and a milkshake D. Cheeseburger, tortilla chips, and chocolate pudding
A. Salad, sliced chicken sandwich, gelatin dessert
The nurse provides a list of appropriate food choices to a client with newly diagnosed diabetes. The client reviews the list and says, "I do not like and refuse to eat asparagus, broccoli, and mushrooms." In response, the nurse teaches the client about the food exchange list. The nurse evaluates that teaching was effective when the client states, "Instead of asparagus, broccoli, and mushrooms, I will eat which foods? A. String beans, beets, or carrots. B. baked beans, potatoes, or parsnips C. Corn, lima beans, dried peas D. Corn muffins, corn chips, or pretzels
A. String beans, beets, or carrots.
A pregnant client with diabetes is referred to the dietitian in the prenatal clinic for nutritional assessment and counseling. What should the nurse emphasize when reinforcing the client's dietary program? A. The need to eat a pregnancy diet that meets increased dietary needs and to adjust the insulin dosage as necessary B. The quantities of carbohydrates and fats, as well as of protein, are decreased C. Increasing carbohydrate intake D. A low-calorie diet
A. The need to eat a pregnancy diet that meets increased dietary needs and to adjust the insulin dosage as necessary
A nurse is helping an adolescent with type 1 diabetes establish a consistent meal pattern. What feedback from the adolescent indicates that further teaching is needed? A. avoids complex carb substitutes B. The adolescent should read nutrition labels carefully
A. avoids complex carb substitutes
When determining whether a client has anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, the nurse should identify those characteristics that relate only to anorexia nervosa. Select all that apply. A. cachexia B. delayed psychosexual development C. A state of malnutrition with muscle wasting D. weakness E. emaciation
A. cachexia B. delayed psychosexual development C. A state of malnutrition with muscle wasting D. weakness E. emaciation
A successful program of personal behavior modification for weight management focuses on which of the following (select all that apply) A. management of the eating behavior B. dietary modification C.the promotion of physical activity to increase energy output D.the pursuit of emotional (stress), social, and psychologic health. E. making sure to set realistic goals to be successful
A. management of the eating behavior C. the promotion of physical activity to increase energy output D. the pursuit of emotional (stress), social, and psychologic health.
A client has been experiencing extreme fatigue lately. The nurse suspects anemia and examines the client to identify additional clinical manifestations to support this inference. Which locations on the client's body should the nurse assess? Select all that apply. A. palms B. sclera C. nail beds D. eyelids (conjunctiva) E. bony prominences
A. palms C. nail beds D. eyelids (conjunctiva)
A nurse is educating a group of parents about preschoolers. Which information provided by the nurse is incorrect? Select all that apply. A. physical growth is faster B. bulk growth is faster C. elongated legs D. appear slender
A. physical growth is faster B. bulk growth is faster
Common symptoms of Cushing disease are (select all that apply) A. truncal obesity B. weight gain C. weight loss D. moon face E. buffalo hup F. spoon shaped nails
A. truncal obesity B. weight gain D. moon face E. buffalo hup
Which recommendation is most important for the nurse to include in a teaching program for a client who has been placed on a 2-gram sodium diet? A. use lemon juice to flavor meat B. Condiments (e.g., mustard, ketchup) C. Carbonated beverages D. Canned vegetables
A. use lemon juice to flavor meat
assists in the digestion of starch? A.Amylase B.Sucrase C.Maltase D.lactase
A.Amylase
What is the role of shark cartilage in the management of human immunodeficiency (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? A. Alternative or complimentary B. Lemon juice and lemongrass C. A high-calorie, high-protein diet D. Lymphocyte transfusions and bone marrow transplants
Alternative or complimentary
Tests reveal that a client has phosphatic renal calculi. The nurse teaches the client that the diet may include which food item A. Chocolate B. Rye bread C. Cheese D. Apples
Apples
After gastrointestinal surgery, a client's condition improves, and a regular diet is prescribed. Which food, included on a regular diet, should the nurse encourage the client to consume to decrease discomfort? A. Fresh fruit B. Baked fish C. Bran cereal D. Whole milk
B. Baked fish
is an essential structural and functional component of most cellular membranes. A. Calcium B. Cholesterol C. Vitamin K D. Potassium
B. Cholesterol
is not essential for bone formation A. Calcium B. Cholesterol C. Phosphorus D. Calciferol
B. Cholesterol
is not involved in muscle contraction A. Calcium B. Cholesterol C. sodium D. Potassium
B. Cholesterol
A nurse evaluates that a client with chronic kidney disease understands an adequate source of high biologic-value (HBV) protein when the client selects which food from the menu? A. Raw carrots B. Cottage cheese C. Whole wheat bread D. Apple juice
B. Cottage cheese
The nurse understands that research demonstrates that malnutrition occurs in as many as 50% of hospitalized clients. The nurse should assess a postoperative client with anorexia for what sign of malnutrition? A. Loose, decayed teeth B. Delayed wound healing C. Dependent edema D. Spoon-shaped nails
B. Delayed wound healing
When caring for a client who is receiving enteral feedings, the nurse should take which measure to prevent aspiration A. Lay patient supine B. Elevate head of bed 30 - 45 degrees C. Decreasing flow rate D. Irrigating frequently
B. Elevate head of bed 30 - 45 degrees
When discussing the therapeutic regimen of vitamin B12 for pernicious anemia with a client, what teaching does the nurse provide? A. The Z-track method B. Intramuscular injections once a month C. taken by mouth
B. Intramuscular injections once a month
The nurse is providing care to an infant who is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF). Which parental statement indicates the need for further education related to the potential for poor growth? A. My child will have a poor appetite, which will lead to normal growth. B. My child will have a poor appetite, which will lead to poor growth. C. My child will have a good appetite, which will lead to normal growth.
B. My child will have a poor appetite, which will lead to poor growth.
client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) through a central venous access device. What important nursing intervention should be included? A. The infusion rate is changed B. Placing the client in the supine position C. Infusion of high concentrations of glucose
B. Placing the client in the supine position Placing the client in the supine position before changing the tubing decreases pressure in the vena cava, which helps prevent an air embolus when the catheter is disconnected.
An older adult is returned to the surgical unit after having a subtotal gastrectomy. Which dietary modification should the nurse anticipate that the healthcare provider will most likely prescribed A. Large meals 3 times daily B. Small, frequent feedings C. Allowing only personal food preferences
B. Small, frequent feedings
A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about the treatment of hypoglycemia. The nurse knows that teaching was effective if the client picks which foods to treat a hypoglycemic attack? A. Fruit juice and a lollipop B. Sugar and bread C. Chocolate candy D. Peanut butter crackers or a glass of milk
B. Sugar and bread
All women of childbearing age are advised to include at least 400 mcg of folic acid in the daily diet to decrease the risk of neural tube defects in pregnancy. What should the nurse recommend to meet the recommendation? Select all that apply. A. vitamin b6 B. dark green leafy C. vitamin b12 D. vitamin b9
B. dark green leafy D. vitamin b9 Vitamin B9 is folic acid, and legumes, dark-green leafy vegetables, and citrus fruits are natural sources of folic acid.
to help prevent long-term complications associated with gastric bypass surgery, the nurse needs to educate the client. Identify the factors that should be included in the nurse's teaching plan for this client. Select all that apply. A. eat carbohydrates B. eat calcium foods C. injections of cyanocobalamin D. eat protein
B. eat calcium foods C. injections of cyanocobalamin D. eat protein
A registered nurse provides dietary instructions to a client who is prescribed isocarboxazid for depression. Which statements made by the client indicates a need for further education? Select all that apply. A. limiting bananas B. limiting fish C. limiting yogurt D. limiting beer E. limiting chocolate
B. limiting fish C. limiting yogurt D. limiting beer
What major cause of iron-deficiency anemia should the nurse include when planning a discussion with an infant's parents A. Lack of absorption of solid foods B. overfeeding of milk
B. overfeeding of milk
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child for the presence of celiac disease. For what specific signs and symptoms should the nurse be alert? Select all that apply. A. hyperalbuminemia B. steatorrhea C. spindly arms and legs D. distended abdomen E. iron deficiency anemia
B. steatorrhea C. spindly arms and legs D. distended abdomen E. iron deficiency anemia
is an easy, portable, inexpensive, and noninvasive body composition measurement tool? The analyzer calculates the individual's body fat percentage based on sex, age, height, weight, total body water, and the rate at which the electrical current travels
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
A nurse is instructing a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) about the diet that should be followed during the acute phase. Which type of diet should the nurse stress? A. Mediterranean B. seafood C. bland D. Weight Watchers
Bland
Which food should be avoided by a client who is prescribed monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)? A. Potatoes B. Grapefruit C. Bologna
Bologna has a high tyramine content
When a Schilling test is prescribed for a client suspected of having cobalamin deficiency because of pernicious anemia, what should the nurse plan to do? A. A 12-hour to 24-hour urine specimen B. A 48-hour to 60-hour urine specimen C. A 24-hour to 48-hour urine specimen D. A 48-hour to 96-hour urine specimen
C. A 24-hour to 48-hour urine specimen
nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. The healthcare provider prescribes a 2-gram sodium diet. What should the nurse include when explaining how a low-salt diet helps achieve a therapeutic outcome? A. Sodium restriction B. weight is controlled by a low-calorie diet and exercise C. Allows excess tissue fluid to be excreted D. Potassium is retained inefficiently by the body
C. Allows excess tissue fluid to be excreted
A client who has a history of seizures is scheduled for an arteriogram at 10:00 AM and is to have nothing by mouth before the test. The client is scheduled to receive an anticonvulsant medication at 9:00 AM. What should the nurse do? A. Omission B. The route of administration should be altered by the nurse C. Ask the healthcare provider to prescribe an alternate route of administration. D. Give the client the medication orally
C. Ask the healthcare provider to prescribe an alternate route of administration.
Which nutrient deficiency in the pregnant adolescent may result in decreased birth weight as a consequence of low bone mineral density in the fetus? A. Zinc B. Folic acid C. Calcium D. Iron
C. Calcium
A pregnant client asks the nurse for information regarding toxoplasmosis exposure during pregnancy. What information should the nurse teach this client? A. Cooked shellfish B. Salad dressings C. Cook pork and beef well
C. Cook pork and beef well
Parental food habits continue to have the most influence on a child's eating behavior during which age group? A. Toddlers (1 to 3 Years Old) B. Preschool-Aged Children (3 to 5 Years Old) C. School-Aged Children (5 to 12 Years Old)
C. School-Aged Children (5 to 12 Years Old)
_________contain vitamin A A. Eggs B. Dairy products C. Yellow vegetables D. Spinach
C. Yellow vegetables
A pale, lethargic 1-year-old infant weighs 28 lb (12.7 kg) and has a hemoglobin level of 9 g/dL (90 mmol/L). The parent tells the nurse that the infant refuses solid food when it is offered by spoon and drinks between four and six full bottles of milk per day. What should the nurse recommend? A. add pureed baby foods to the milk B. health care and monitoring C. give finger foods D. a large hole in the nipple of the bottle
C. give finger foods
A client with hypertension is starting a 2-gram sodium diet. The nurse should teach the client to avoid which foods? Select all that apply. A. Ground beef B. Fresh salmon C. lunchmeat D. chili E. Cooked broccoli
C. lunchmeat D. chili
A client with cirrhosis and ascites will require moderate to low fat and low sodium which food choices are correct? (select all that apply) A baked lasagna B. whole milk C. penne pasta D. cheese E. spinach F. banana G. decaffeinated iced tea
C. penne pasta E. spinach F. banana G. decaffeinated iced tea
The nurse provides teaching to a client who will begin to receive tube feedings after a total laryngectomy. The nurse concludes that the teaching was understood when the client makes which statement about tube feedings? A. The ability to belch B. The ability to tolerate oral feedings C. tube feeding till incision is fixed
C. tube feeding till incision is fixed
A client will be taking cholestyramine, a bile acid sequestrant, as treatment for type II hyperlipoproteinemia. What vitamin does the nurse anticipate may become deficient because of this drug therapy? A. vitamin B3 B. vitamin C C. vitamin B12 D. vitamin D
D. vitamin D These drugs decrease the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K).
A client describes abdominal discomfort following ingestion of milk. Which enzyme, as a result of a genetic deficiency, should the nurse consider to be the cause of the client's discomfort? A.Amylase B.Sucrase C.Maltase D.lactase
D.lactase
A client with the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, purging type, is admitted to the mental health unit after an acute episode of bingeing. Which clinical manifestation is most important for the nurse to assess? A. Hyperactivity B. Hyperglycemia C. Weight gain D. Dehydration
Dehydration
usually occurs with severe protein deficiency and heart failure. A. Loose, decayed teeth B. Delayed wound healing C. Dependent edema D. Spoon-shaped nails
Dependent edema
A primary healthcare provider prescribes a low-sodium, high-potassium diet for a client with Cushing syndrome. Which explanation should the nurse provide to the client about the need to follow this diet? A. An excessive secretion of adrenocortical hormones B. steroid therapy C. sodium retention D. Excessive aldosterone and cortisone cause retention of sodium and loss of potassium
Excessive aldosterone and cortisone cause retention of sodium and loss of potassium
Causes of increased sodium excretion hyponatremia (select all that apply) Excessive diaphoresis Diuretics Kidney disease Vomiting Diarrhea Hyperglycemia Wound drainage, especially gastrointestinal Heart failure Kidney disease Decreased secretion of aldosterone
Excessive diaphoresis Diuretics Vomiting Diarrhea Wound drainage, especially gastrointestinal Kidney disease Decreased secretion of aldosterone
Causes of dilution of serum sodium in hyponatremia (select all that apply) Excessive ingestion of hypotonic fluids or irrigation with hypotonic fluids Kidney disease Excessive diaphoresis Diuretics Freshwater drowning Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion Hyperglycemia Kidney disease Heart failure
Excessive ingestion of hypotonic fluids or irrigation with hypotonic fluids Kidney disease Freshwater drowning Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion Hyperglycemia Heart failure
________ deficiency may result in neural tube defects. A. Zinc B. Folic acid C. Calcium D. Iron
Folic Acid
The nurse is caring for a client 4 days after the client was admitted to the hospital with burns on the trunk and arms. The nurse collaborates with the dietician to develop a dietary plan for the following day. Which plan will the nurse follow? A. High caloric intake, restricted potassium intake, and 1 g protein/kg/day B. Moderate caloric intake, restricted potassium intake, and 1 g protein/kg/day C. Moderate caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg/day D. High caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg/day
High caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg/day
what type of weighing requires the complete submersion of an individual in water when determining BMI
Hydrostatic weighing
High sodium levels are known as? Low sodium levels are known as?
Hyperkalemia Hypokalemia
____deficiency may lead to anemia A. Zinc B. Folic acid C. Calcium D. Iron
Iron
is most common with unpasteurized dairy? A. Listeria monocytogenes B. campylobacter jejuni C. clostridium botulinum D. Salmonella typhi
Listeria monocytogenes
A pathology report states that a client's urinary calculus is composed of uric acid. Which food item should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? A. milk B. liver C. cheese D. vegetables
Liver
usually indicate prolonged malnutrition. A. Loose, decayed teeth B. Delayed wound healing C. Dependent edema D. Spoon-shaped nails
Loose, decayed teeth
The nurse is teaching a client about the prescribed diet after a Whipple procedure for cancer of the pancreas. Which statement should the nurse include in the dietary teaching? A. There are no dietary restrictions because the tumor has been removed B. Low-fat meals should be eaten to prevent interference with your fat digestion mechanism
Low-fat meals should be eaten to prevent interference with your fat digestion mechanism
supplies nutrients via the veins. A. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line B. Parenteral nutrition (PN) C. Tunneled central venous catheters D. Vascular access ports (implantable port)
Parenteral nutrition (PN)
The catheter is used for long-term IV therapy, frequently in the home. A. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line B. Parenteral nutrition (PN) C. Tunneled central venous catheters D. Vascular access ports (implantable port)
Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line
Food jags are common in this age group and a frequent source of concern and frustration for caregivers. A. Toddlers (1 to 3 Years Old) B. Preschool-Aged Children (3 to 5 Years Old) C. School-Aged Children (5 to 12 Years Old)
Preschool-Aged Children (3 to 5 Years Old)
Most commonly caused by undercooked meats? A. Listeria monocytogenes B. campylobacter jejuni C. clostridium botulinum D. Salmonella typhi
Salmonella typhi
usually occur with iron deficiency anemia. A. Loose, decayed teeth B. Delayed wound healing C. Dependent edema D. Spoon-shaped nails
Spoon-shaped nails
The DASH diet recommends what
The diet recommends eating 4 to 6 servings of fruits, 4 to 6 servings of vegetables, and 2 to 3 servings of low-fat dairy foods per day in addition to lean meats, nuts, seeds, dried beans, and high-fiber grains.
The Food and Nutrition Board recommends a daily intake of 19 g of fiber to prevent constipation and to promote a healthy gastrointestinal tract in what age group? A. Toddlers (1 to 3 Years Old) B. Preschool-Aged Children (3 to 5 Years Old) C. School-Aged Children (5 to 12 Years Old)
Toddlers (1 to 3 Years Old)
The parents of a 6-year-old child with celiac disease tell the school nurse that their child becomes dejected because she is not able to eat snack foods like the rest of her class and friends. What snack can the nurse recommend that is safe for the child to eat? A Oatmeal cookies B tortilla chips C peanut butter crackers D pretzels
Tortilla Chips
The catheter is inserted in the operating room, and the catheter is threaded into the lower part of the vena cava at the entrance of the right atrium (entrance site) and tunneled under the skin to the exit site where the catheter comes out of the chest? A. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line B. Parenteral nutrition (PN) C. Tunneled central venous catheters D. Vascular access ports (implantable port)
Tunneled central venous catheters
Surgically implanted under the skin, ports such as a Port-a-Cath, Mediport, or Infusaport are used for long-term administration of repeated IV therapy. A. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line B. Parenteral nutrition (PN) C. Tunneled central venous catheters D. Vascular access ports (implantable port)
Vascular access ports (implantable port)
A client is admitted to the hospital for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. What should the nurse encourage the client to add to the diet to help normalize bowel function after surgery? A. Vitamins B. Whole bran C. Cod liver oil D. Amino acids
Whole bran
A nurse is caring for a client with Addison disease. Which dietary instruction should the nurse teach the client to follow? A. ingestion of essential amino acids B. add salt C. Protein D. Fluid restriction
add salt
What are the three most common eating disorders?
anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder
When prescribing a prenatal vitamin the goal is to use a low dose containing what?
around 30 mg/day of supplemental iron
The salmonella organism thrives in warm, moist environments; all foods eaten within A. ask about the past 48 hour foods B. ask about the past 4 hour foods C. ask about the past 24 hour foods D. ask about the past 12 hour foods
ask about the past 24 hour foods
sodium restricted diet avoid what foods
bacon, bacon fat, bologna, dried or chipped beef, corned beef, frankfurters, ham, kosher meats, luncheon meats, salt pork, sausage
Most commonly occurs with inappropriately preparation of canned foods? A. Listeria monocytogenes B. campylobacter jejuni C. clostridium botulinum D. Salmonella typhi
clostridium botulinum
The nurse is teaching a class about nutrition to a group of adolescents. Taking into consideration the prevalence of overweight teenagers, what is the best recommendation the nurse can make? A. decrease fast food B. joining a gym C. a multivitamin D. Diet Soft Drinks
decrease fast food
While awaiting surgery, a client with a long history of Crohn disease is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on an outpatient basis. The nurse teaches the client that TPN helps to prepare for surgery by which process? A. decreasing fecal bulk B. stimulate gastrointestinal secretions C. prevent a bowel infection. D.positive nitrogen balance.
decreasing fecal bulk
Gastric ulcer pain is worse with
eating or one hour after eating.
hyperkalemia is a serum potassium level that A. exceeds 15.0 mEq/L (15.0 mmol/L). B. exceeds 10.0 mEq/L (10.0 mmol/L). C. exceeds 5.0 mEq/L (5.0 mmol/L). D. exceeds 20.0 mEq/L (20.0 mmol/L).
exceeds 5.0 mEq/L (5.0 mmol/L).
Duodenal ulcer pain is relieved with
food and antacids
Clients with Addison disease are prone to
hyperkalemia
Obesity increases the risk of related conditions such as
hypertension, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, arthritis, and certain types of cancer.
Physiologic changes in the _____________ naturally occur with age, and, as a result, elderly individuals exhibit an overall decreased thirst sensation and reduced fluid intake compared with younger adults.
hypothalamus
The parents of a school-aged child with newly diagnosed celiac disease ask a nurse what the intestinal biopsy revealed. Before responding in terms that the parents will understand, what should the nurse consider about the results of the biopsy? A. The pancreatic acini degenerate B. Small areas of fatty plaques on the mucosal walls C. Intestinal wall trophic changes D. Irregular areas of superficial ulceration
intestinal wall trophic changes
Hyponatremia is a serum sodium level A. lower than 200 mEq/L (200 mmol/L). B. higher than 135 mEq/L (135 mmol/L). C. higher than 200 mEq/L (200 mmol/L). D. lower than 135 mEq/L (135 mmol/L).
lower than 135 mEq/L (135 mmol/L).
Hypokalemia is a serum potassium level A. lower than 2.3 mEq/L (2.3 mmol/L). B. lower than 3.5 mEq/L (3.5 mmol/L). C. lower than 4.3 mEq/L (4.3 mmol/L). D. lower than 6.8 mEq/L (6.8 mmol/L).
lower than 3.5 mEq/L (3.5 mmol/L).
Hypocalcemia is a serum calcium level A. higher than 18 mg/dL (6 mmol/L). B. lower than 9.0 mg/dL (2.25 mmol/L). C.lower than 18 mg/dL (6 mmol/L). D.higher than 9.0 mg/dL (2.25 mmol/L).
lower than 9.0 mg/dL (2.25 mmol/L).
It is important to counsel women of childbearing age to consume adequate amounts of folic acid to reduce the risk of a. developing type 2 diabetes mellitus b. developing hyperemesis gravidarum c. malformation of the neural tube during gestation d. poor absorption of calcium and phosphorus during fetal bone growth
malformation of the neural tube during gestation
Planning a weight-management program for either an overweight or an underweight person must involve the
metabolic and energy needs of the individual.
A nurse is planning an evening snack for a child receiving NPH insulin. What is the reason for this nursing action?
nourishment counteracts late insulin activity
Water enters the body through what three sources?
orally ingested liquids water in foods water formed by oxidation of foods.
A client is experiencing an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. A low-residue, high-protein diet and IV fluids with vitamins have been prescribed. When implementing these prescriptions, which goal is the nurse trying to achieve?
reduce colonic irritation
A 17-year-old client is found to have anorexia nervosa. The psychiatrist, in conjunction with the client and the parents, decides to institute a behavior modification program. What does the nurse recall is a major component of behavior modification? A. Reducing the number or complexity of necessary restrictions B. rewarding positive behavior C. deconditioning the fear of weight gain D. reducing the number of anxiety-producing situations
rewarding positive behavior
A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with celiac disease. Which foods should the nurse teach the client to avoid when following a gluten-free diet? Select all that apply. A. Rye B. Oats C. Corn chips D. Wheat
rye, oats, and wheat
An increase of 340 kcal/day is recommended during pregnancy throughout the a. second trimester b. third trimester c. first and second trimesters d. second and third trimesters
second trimester
What type of device measures the width of skin folds at precise body sites, because we deposit most of the body fat in layers just under the skin?
skin fold calipers
A client with a history of a pulmonary embolus is to receive 3 mg of warfarin daily. The client has blood drawn twice weekly to ascertain that the international normalized ratio (INR) stays within a therapeutic range. The nurse provides dietary teaching. Which food selected by the client indicates that further teaching is necessary? A. Eggs B. Dairy products C. Yellow vegetables D. Spinach
spinach Dark green, leafy vegetables are high in vitamin K
During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, the mother needs more kilocalories for two general reasons
to supply the increased fuel demanded by the metabolic workload for both the mother and the fetus to spare protein for the added tissue-building requirements.
A client with osteoporosis has been receiving dietary information from the nurse. Which food selection by the client indicates that the nurse's dietary instruction was effective? A. Soft drinks B. Enriched grains C. Turnip greens
turnip greens
Elderly clients with declining health are particularly susceptible to depression, which is a leading cause of
unintentional weight loss
unintentional weight loss
weight loss of 5% of body weight over a 6- to 12-month period that is not intentional.
