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anarchistic,无政府主义的 a person who believes that government and laws are not necessary avenue

1. [比喻](达到某物的)途径，手段，方法，渠道 2.(城市中的)街道；尤指大街

ironic,讽刺的 using words that mean the opposite of what you really think especially in order to be funny honorific,尊敬的 showing respect or honour to someone malign

1. adj. 有害的 causing or intended to cause harm 2. v. 诽谤，中伤 to say bad things about someone or something publicly : to criticize someone or something harshly or unfairly

wayward,任性的 tending to behave in ways that are not socially acceptable urbane,温文尔雅的 polite and confident recondite,深奥的 not understood or known by many people tactless,不圆通的; 不老练的 tending to offend or upset people malign

1. adj. 有害的 causing or intended to cause harm 2. v. 诽谤，中伤 to say bad things about someone or something publicly : to criticize someone or something harshly or unfairly

unique

1. being the only one of its kind : individual, different 2. 极不寻常的; 独特的 very unusual or special

superfluous,多余的，不必要的 beyond what is needed : not necessary exemplary

1. extremely good and deserving to be admired and copied 2. serving as an example ，instance or illustration

elitist

1. giving special treatment and advantages to wealthy and powerful people. 2.势利小人的，具有高人一等优越感的 regarding other people as inferior because they lack power, wealth,etc.：snobbish

embryonic,萌芽阶段的 in an early or undeveloped stage revile,辱骂；斥责 to subject to verbal abuse : vituperate languish

1. to be or become feeble,weak,or enervated . 2. to become dispirited 3. to suffer neglect

languish

1. to be or become feeble,weak,or enervated . 2. to become dispirited 3. to suffer neglect

pseudonym,笔名，假名 a fictitious name; especially : pen name remuneration,报酬 an amount of money paid to someone for the work that person has done languish

1. to be or become feeble,weak,or enervated . 2. to become dispirited 3. to suffer neglect

salubrious,有益健康的 favorable to or promoting health or well-being bromidic,陈腐的，平庸的 lacking in originality : trite mutability,易变性 able or likely to change often languish

1. to be or become feeble,weak,or enervated . 2. to become dispirited 3. to suffer neglect

bludgeon

1. to overcome or attack by aggressive argument 2. 猛烈攻击 to hit with heavy impact

intangible,无形的，触摸不到的 not made of physical substance : not able to be touched : impalpable impalpable,无形的，触摸不到的 incapable of being felt by touch : intangible unalloyed,not mixed with something else: unqualified ephemeral,短暂的 lasting a very short time unqualified

1. unalloyed 2. 不受限制的 unqualified means total or unlimited

drollness,幽默，诙谐 having an odd and amusing quality stoicism,坚忍克己; 坦然淡定 indifference to pleasure or pain : impassiveness fastidiousness

1. 一丝不苟 very careful about how you do something 2. 难以取悦 hard to please

drollness,幽默，诙谐 having an odd and amusing quality stoicism,坚忍克己; 坦然淡定 indifference to pleasure or pain : impassiveness fastidiousness

1. 一丝不苟的 very careful about how you do something 2. 难以取悦的 hard to please

worsen,恶化 to make something worse or to become worse decline

1. 下降 to become lower in amount or less in number 2. 谢绝 to say that you will not or cannot do something

banal,无聊的 boring or ordinary : not interesting detrimental,有害的 causing damage or injury extraneous,无关的，不必要的 not forming a necessary part of something : not important desertion,遗弃 a state of being deserted or forsaken quixotic

1. 不切实际的 imaginative or hopeful but unrealistic 2. 多变的，不可预测的 capricious, unpredictable

confound,使吃惊; 使困惑 to surprise and confuse someone or something quixotic

1. 不切实际的 imaginative or hopeful but unrealistic 2. 多变的，不可预测的 capricious, unpredictable

quixotic

1. 不切实际的 imaginative or hopeful but unrealistic 2. 多变的，不可预测的 capricious, unpredictable

antagonistic,敌对的 showing dislike or opposition : showing antagonism inimical

1. 不利的，有害的 likely to cause damage or have a bad effect 2. 不友好的，敌意的 not friendly : hostile

expedient,权宜的；方便的 providing an easy and quick way to solve a problem or do something reminiscent,令人想起的 reminding you of someone oe something else inimical

1. 不利的，有害的 likely to cause damage or have a bad effect 2. 不友好的，敌意的 not friendly : hostile

expedient,权宜的；方便的 providing an easy and quick way to solve a problem or do something reminiscent,令人想起的 reminding you of someone or something else inimical

1. 不利的，有害的 likely to cause damage or have a bad effect 2. 不友好的，敌意的 not friendly : hostile

unrelenting

1. 不留情面地坚持的 not softening or yielding in determination : hard, stern 2. 不屈不挠的 not letting up or weakening in vigor or pace : constant

camouflage,伪装，掩饰 to conceal or disguise by camouflage heterogeneous,由不同成分形成的 made up of parts that are different plastic

1. 不真诚的，不自然的 not real or sincere 2. 能适应的；易变化的 capable of adapting to varying conditions : pliable

venerate,尊敬 to feel or show deep respect for ubiquitous,无处不在的 seeming to be seen everywhere plastic

1. 不真诚的，不自然的 not real or sincere 2. 能适应的；易变化的 capable of adapting to varying conditions : pliable

cagey,（言谈举止）小心谨慎的，精明的 very clever : shrewd churlish

1. 不礼貌的 not polite : vulgar 2. 难合作的 difficult to work with or deal with : intractable

impenetrable

1. 不能穿过的 impossible to pass or see through 2. 难以理解的 impossible to understand

predilection,倾向 a natural liking for something injudicious,不明智的 not sensible or judicious sleazy

1. 不道德的，卑鄙的,不诚实的 dishonest or immoral ; not decent or socially respectable 2.〔地方〕肮脏低级的，破烂的 dirty and in bad condition from being neglected

rambling,冗长的 to talk or write in a desultory or long-winded wandering fashion overbearing

1. 专横的，傲慢的 harshly and haughtily arrogant 2. 非常重要的，压倒一切的 decisively important : dominant

dictum,格言 a statement or well-known remark that expresses an important idea or rule jettison

1. 丢弃 to drop something from a moving ship, airplane, etc. 2. 拒绝 to get rid of something : to reject something

emancipate,解放；释放 to free someone from someone else's control or power veracity,真实; 诚实 truth or accuracy jettison

1. 丢弃 to drop something from a moving ship, airplane, etc. 2. 拒绝 to get rid of something : to reject something

empirical,实证的 based on practical experience rather than theories jettison

1. 丢弃 to drop something from a moving ship, airplane, etc. 2. 拒绝 to get rid of something : to reject something

jettison

1. 丢弃 to drop something from a moving ship, airplane, etc. 2. 拒绝 to get rid of something : to reject something

proliferate,激增 to increase in number or amount quickly jettison

1. 丢弃 to drop something from a moving ship, airplane, etc. 2. 拒绝 to get rid of something : to reject something

profusion,大量，丰富 a large amount of something resurgence,恢复，复苏 a growth or increase that occurs after a period without growth or increase stern

1. 严厉的 having a definite hardness or severity of nature or manner : austere 2. 强烈不满或批评 expressing strong disapproval or criticism

disgorge,倒出 to let out or release something acute

1. 严峻的 very serious or dangerous : requiring serious attention or action 2. 敏锐的 having or showing an ability to think clearly and to understand what is not obvious or simple about something

meddle,干涉 interfere without right or propriety square,与...一致 bring into agreement facilitate,促进 to make easier rigorous

1. 严格缜密的 very strict and demanding 2. 一丝不苟的 done carefully and with a lot of attention to detail 3. （气候、环境）严酷的 difficult to endure because of extreme conditions

preclude,阻止 to prevent something from happening dilemma,困境，进退两难 a situation in which you have to make a difficult choice deception,欺骗 the act of deceiving : cheat rigorous

gravity

1. 严肃〔指举止或言谈的态度〕an extremely serious way of behaving or speaking 2. (局势,时态的)严重性 the extreme and worrying seriousness of a situation 3. (泛指)吸引力，引力

neutral

1. 中立的 not support anyone in a disagreement, war, or contest 2. 不动声色的 not decided or pronounced as to characteristics : indifferent

opulence

1. 丰富 abundance, profusion 2. 富裕 wealth, affluence

oversell,过分吹嘘 to praise too much seclusion,与世隔绝 the act of placing or keeping someone away from other people opulence

1. 丰富 abundance, profusion 2. 富裕 wealth, affluence

acrimony,尖刻，严厉 bitter and angry feelings dissension,争辩，意见不合 disagreement and argument variance

1. 争论，不和 the fact or state of being in disagreement : Dissension, dispute 2. 变化，差异 the fact, quality, or state of being variable or variant : difference, variation

elucidate,阐明，说明 to make something that is hard to understand clear or easy to understand obfuscate,使混淆; 使困惑 to make something more difficult to understand : confuse disparity,不同 difference variance

1. 争论，不和 the fact or state of being in disagreement : Dissension, dispute 2. 变化，差异 the fact, quality, or state of being variable or variant : difference, variation

ephemeral,短暂的 lasting a very short time disparity,不同 difference variance

1. 争论，不和 the fact or state of being in disagreement : dissention, dispute 2. 变化，差异 the fact, quality, or state of being variable or variant : difference, variation

overture

1. 事件的开端,序言 something that serves as a preceding event or introduces what follows : prelude 2. (歌剧、戏剧等的) 序曲 a piece of music played at the start of an opera, a musical play, etc. 3. [常用复数](为开始谈判、建立友好关系等而做出的)主动表示,姿态 an attempt to begin a friendly relationship with a person,country etc

apathetic,没兴趣的 having little or interest or concern： indifferent cogent,(理由、论据或举例)令人信服的 convincing precociousness,早熟 exhibiting mature qualities at an unusually early stage nefariousness,极度邪恶的，极恶毒的 evil or immoral naïveté,天真烂漫 the quality or state of being naive ingenuousness,天真，坦白 showing innocent or childlike simplicity and candidness acquaintance,熟人，熟悉 familiarity consort

1. 交往，结交 unite, associate 2. 使和谐 accord, harmonize

yield

1. 产生 to produce or provide 2. 屈服 to give up and cease resistance or contention : succumb

ethos

(个人,集体,民族,制度等)理念,精神特质 the guiding beliefs of a person, group, or organization

epilogue

(书的)后记; (戏剧的)收场白 An epilogue is a passage or speech that is added to the end of a book or play as a conclusion.

obligatory,强制的，义务的 required by a law or rule : mandatory diametrically,截然地 completely opposed : being at opposite extremes adversarial,对立的 involving two people or sides who oppose each other antagonistic,敌对的 showing dislike or opposition : showing antagonism dichotomous,分成两部分的 dividing into two parts untenable,(论据等）站不住脚的；not capable of being defended against criticism or attack contradictory

(事实、观点、陈述等) 相互矛盾的 involving or having information that disagrees with each other information : containing a contradiction

solemn

(人) 严肃的; (物) 庄严的 very serious or formal in manner, behavior, or expression

extrapolate

(从已知事实)推断 to form an opinion or to make an estimate about something from known facts

insist

(即便其他人不信也自信地）坚持说/认为 If you insist that something is the case, you say so very firmly and refuse to say otherwise, even though other people do not believe you.

succumb to,屈服 to stop trying to resist something recoil from

(因厌恶,害怕等而) 拒绝 to quickly move away from something that is shocking, frightening, or disgusting

vacuous,思想贫乏的 having or showing a lack of intelligence or serious thought exculpatory,申明无罪的；辩解的 tending or serving to exculpate outweigh

(在重要性或意义上) 超过 If one thing outweighs another, the first thing is of greater importance, benefit, or significance than the second thing： overbalance, overshadow

resonate

(对某人) 有重要性,有重要意义的 to have particular meaning or importance for someone

affliction,折磨人的事物 great suffering divulge,泄露 to make information known : reveal grumble,抱怨 to complain quietly about something commiserate,同情; 怜悯 to feel or express sympathy : condole gloat

(对自己的成功) 洋洋得意; (对别人的失败) 幸灾乐祸 to show in an improper or selfish way that you are happy with your own success or another person's failure

condign

(尤指惩罚)适当的; 应得的 deserved, appropriate

pragmatist,实用主义者 a practical approach to problems and affairs zealot

(尤指政治或宗教的)狂热分子; 极端分子 If you describe someone as a zealot, you think that their views and actions are very extreme, especially in following a particular political or religious belief.

zealot

unambiguous,清楚地，明白的 clearly expressed or understood : not ambiguous gainsay,否认 to deny or disagree with something : to show or say that something is not true sterling

(工作或品格) 优秀的 Sterling means very good in quality; used to describe someone's work or character.

calamitous,灾难的 causing great harm or suffering exotic

(常因来自遥远的他国而显得) 奇异的 very different, strange, or unusual 2.外来的 introduced from another country : not native to the place where found

equitable,公平的，公正的 just or fair : dealing fairly and equally with everyone straits

(常指缺钱造成的) 困境 If someone is in dire or desperate straits, they are in a very difficult situation, usually because they do not have much money.

baroque,冗长复杂的 having many details or too many details clandestine

(常指非法地)暗中的；秘密的 Something that is clandestine is hidden or kept secret,often because it is illegal.

clandestine

(常指非法地)暗中的；秘密的 Something that is clandestine is hidden or kept secret,often because it is illegal.

resentment,怨恨 a feeling of anger or displeasure about someone or something unfair vexatious,令人烦恼的；麻烦的 intended to harass : troubled clandestine

(常指非法地)暗中的；秘密的 Something that is clandestine is hidden or kept secret,often because it is illegal.

clandestine

(常指非法地)暗中的；秘密的 Something that is clandestine is hidden or kept secret,often because it is illegal.

mercenary,唯利是图的 caring only about making money intransigent,不妥协的，不让步的 characterized by refusal to compromise or to abandon an extreme position or attitude : uncompromising haunted

(建筑物或地方）闹鬼的 haunted building or other place is one where a ghost regularly appears.

retrenchment

(开支的)紧缩; 削减 reduction, curtailment

concession,让步 the act or an instance of conceding imperative,重要的 very important precarious

(情况)不稳定的，危险的 If your situation is precarious, you are not in complete control of events and might fail in what you are doing at any moment.

courteous,有礼貌的 very polite in a way that shows respect complacent,自满的 satisfied with how things are and not wanting to change them : self-satisfied truculent,易怒的; 好斗的 easily annoyed or angered and likely to argue arduous,艰难的 very difficult precarious

(情况)不稳定的，危险的 If your situation is precarious, you are not in complete control of events and might fail in what you are doing at any moment.

precarious

(情况)不稳定的，危险的 If your situation is precarious, you are not in complete control of events and might fail in what you are doing at any moment.

trivial,不重要的 not important precarious

(情况)不稳定的，危险的 If your situation is precarious, you are not in complete control of events and might fail in what you are doing at any moment.

precarious

(情况)不稳定的，危险的 If your situation is precarious, you are not in complete control of events and might fail in what you are doing at any moment.

trenchant

(批评或评论)尖锐的,犀利的 expressed very strongly ,effectively ,and directly without worrying about offending people : keen, sharp, caustic

unflagging

(支持、努力或热情)不减的 If you describe something such as support, effort, or enthusiasm as unflagging, you mean that it does not stop or get less as time passes.（霍叔叔提示： unflagging 这个词的"反义原型"是 flag：(热情、精力等) 衰退

modest

(数量、比率或改进幅度等) 较小的 You use modest to describe something such as an amount, rate, or improvement which is fairly small.

speculation,(无根据的）推测 conjecture，surmise conjecture

(无根据的) 推测 an opinion or idea formed without proof or sufficient evidence【上海拓研教育·专注 GRE：添加微信 YunMengZe1020 获取机经】

paradigmatic,典范的 act as a model or example for something contentious,引起争议的 likely to cause disagreement or argument supplementary,补充的 added or serving as a supplement : additional hedge

(由 hedge 原义

milieu

(社会) 环境 the physical or social setting in which something occurs or develops : environment

synapse

(神经元的)突触 A synapse is one of the points in the nervous system at which a signal passes from one nerve cell to another.

damp,抑制 to make something less strong or active tart

(言辞) 尖刻的 marked by a biting, acrimonious, or cutting quality

nothing if not,极其 very precipitate,adj. 仓促的 happening very quickly or too quickly without enough thought or planning tactful

(说话,做事)有分寸的，圆通的 careful not to offend or upset other people

formulaic

(说话或做事)公式化的，刻板的 If you describe a way of saying or doing something as formulaic, you are criticizing it because it is not original and has been used many times before in similar situations.

repulse

1 使厌恶，使反感.if something or someone repulses you, you think that they are extremely unpleasant。 2.击退；驱逐 to fight someone and successfully stop their attack on you。 3.〔无礼地〕拒绝(友谊或帮助) to refuse an offer of friendship or help in a way that is rude

manipulate

1 巧妙地处理 to manage or utilize skilfully 2 a : to manage or utilize skillfully b : to control or play upon by artful, unfair, or insidious means especially to one's own advantage 3 : to change by artful or unfair means so as to serve one's purpose : doctor

discretion

1 谨慎 the quality of being careful about what you do and say so that people will not be embarrassed or offended 2 决断能力，处理权 (at sb's discretion:根据某人的决定) the ability and right to decide exactly what should be done in a particular situation

marketable,可以出售的 Something that is marketable is able to be sold because people want to buy it. raging

1,激烈的；没完没了的 continuing strongly and showing no signs of ending : a raging debate激烈的辩论 2.〔头痛等〕剧烈的 .a raging headache etc is very painful 3.〔自然力量〕猛烈的 continuing or moving with great natural force

endeavor,努力 a serious effort or attempt inadequacy

1. (一般用于复数）缺点，不足之处. A fault or weakness 2. 缺乏，不足 insufficiency, deficiency

profess

1. (不真实地) 声称 If you profess to do or have something, you claim that you do it or have it, often when you do not . 2. 公开表明（个人感情或看法） to state a personal feeling or belief openly

diffidence,缺乏自信 lacking confidence : not feeling comfortable around people exasperation,愤怒 the state of being very annoyed or upset superficial

1. (人) 肤浅的 If you describe someone as superficial, you disapprove of them because they do not think deeply, and have little understanding of anything serious or important. 2. 表面上的 concerned only with what is obvious or apparent : not thorough or complete

patronize,以高人一等的态度对待 to adopt an air of condescension toward : treat haughtily or cooly facile,易做到的 done or achieved in a way that is too easy superficial

suggest,启示，启发；促使做(或思考) stipulate,规定; 明确要求 to demand or require something as part of an agreement trivial,不重要的 not important simultaneous,同时发生的 happening at the same time superficial

superficial

superficially

cosmopolitan

1. (人等）见多识广的,a cosmopolitan person, belief, opinion etc shows a wide experience of different people and places 2（. 指地方）世界性的，国际性的（含褒义）a cosmopolitan place has people from many different parts of the world - use this to show approval

abstruse,深奥难懂的 hard to understand : recondite cursory,粗略的 done or made quickly dutiable,应征税的 subject to a duty prolific

1. (动物、人、植物) 多产的 producing young or fruit especially freely : fruitful 2. (作家、艺术家或作曲家) 多产的 marked by abundant inventiveness or productivity <a prolific composer>

prolific

bolster,支持 to make something stronger or better : to give support to something perpetuate,使继续 to cause to continue omniscient,无所不知的 knowing everything abject

1. (境况)悲惨的，凄惨的，赤贫的 the state of extremely poor, unhappy , unsuccessful , bad 2. 萎靡不振的 cast down in spirit：spiritless 3. 卑躬屈节的；奴性的 expressing or offered in a humble and often ingratiating spirit : servile , slavish

pious

1. (对宗教)虔诚的 deeply religious, devotional 2. 假虔诚的,虚伪的 (talk,words,opinion) falsely appearing to be good or moral 3. 不大可能实现的希望/愿望 pious hope/wish

egregious,臭名昭著的，恶名昭彰的 very bad and easily noticed：blatant；flagrant empirical,实证的，以观察或实验为依据的 based on observation or experience plausible,possibly true： believable or realistic prognosis

1. (尤指对病人能否康复的) 预后 a doctor's opinion about how someone will recover from an illness or injury 2. 预示 forecast, prognostication

magnitude

1. (尺寸、规模、重要性等) 大的程度 the size, extent, or importance of something 2. 重要级 the importance, quality, or caliber of something

preclude,阻止 to prevent something from happening forgo,放弃 to give up the use or enjoyment of something glean,慢慢地收集 to gather or collect something in a gradual way magnitude

1. (尺寸、规模、重要性等) 大的程度 the size, extent, or importance of something 2. 重要级 the importance, quality, or caliber of something

selective,careful to choose only the best people of thing vivacity,活力 the quality or state of being vivacious veracity,诚实 truth or accuracy magnitude

1. (尺寸、规模、重要性等) 大的程度 the size, extent, or importance of something 2. 重要级 the importance, quality, or caliber of something

assert,主张；声称 to state something in a strong and definite way concede

1. (常指不情愿地) 承认 to admit something usually in an unwilling way 2. 承认 (失败) to admit that you have been defeated and stop trying to win

outrage,愤怒 extreme anger assert,主张；声称 to state something in a strong and definite way concede

1. (常指不情愿地) 承认 to admit something usually in an unwilling way 2. 承认 (失败) to admit that you have been defeated and stop trying to win

overwhelm

1. (强烈地影响而) 使不知所措 to affect someone very strongly 2. 打败 to defeat someone or something completely 3. 淹没 to cover over completely : submerge

sage,智者 a man revered for his profound wisdom flamboyant,炫耀的，显眼的 having a very noticeable quality that attracts a lot of attention overwhelm

1. (强烈地影响而) 使不知所措 to affect someone very strongly 2. 打败 to defeat someone or something completely 3. 淹没 to cover over completely : submerge

concision,简洁，简明 the quality or state of being concise imperturbability,冷静；沉着 very calm prolixity,冗长；罗嗦 using too many words lucidity

1. (思想、风格等的)明晰，明白，清楚 clearness of thought or style 2. 洞察力 a presumed capacity to perceive the truth directly and instantaneously : clairvoyance

lucidity

1. (思想、风格等的)明晰，明白，清楚 clearness of thought or style 2. 洞察力 a presumed capacity to perceive the truth directly and instantaneously : clairvoyance

lucidity.

1. (思想、风格等的)明晰，明白，清楚 clearness of thought or style 2. 洞察力 a presumed capacity to perceive the truth directly and instantaneously : clairvoyance

competing

1. (想法、要求或利益)相互矛盾的; 相互抵触的 competing stories, ideas etc cannot all be right or accepted 2. 相互竞争的产品/品牌/公司等.competing products/brands/companies etc products etc that are trying to be more successful than each other

conspicuous,显眼的 very easy to see or notice equivocal

1. (故意的）含糊其辞的 having two or more interpretations and usually used to mislead or confuse 2. 难以理解的 not easily understood or explained

equivocal

1. (故意的）含糊其辞的 having two or more interpretations and usually used to mislead or confuse 2. 难以理解的 not easily understood or explained

presumption

1. (无证据的）推测，假定 a belief that something is true even though it has not been proved 2. 傲慢，自以为是 behaviour that seems rude and too confident

forgo,放弃 to give up the use or enjoyment of something countermand,取消 to cancel an order especially by giving a new order incommensurate,不相称的 disproportionate parity,平等 the quality or state of being equal or equivalent inclusive,包括的，包含的 covering or including everything stratification

1. (社会的)阶层分化 the state of being divided into social classes 2. 分层 the state of having many layers

spurious

1. (论据、推理) 不正确的 based on false ideas or bad reasoning 2. 假的 not genuine, sincere, or authentic

uniform,统一的，一致的 not varying or changing consistent

1. (论点、观点) 前后一致的 marked by agreement : compatible 2. 始终如一的 always acting or behaving in the same way

exculpate,为...开脱罪责，使无罪 to clear from alleged fault or guilt ： acquit，absolve disquisition,专题论文 a formal inquiry into or discussion of a subject : discourse vindication,得到辩护；证明无罪/正确 an act of vindicating : defense vapid,无聊乏味的 not lively or interesting: dull or boring jejune,无聊乏味的 not interesting didactic,说教的 designed or intended to teach people something dogmatic

1. 自以为是的 expressing personal opinions or beliefs as if they are certainly correct and cannot be doubted 2. 教条的 of or relating to dogma

vapid,无聊乏味的 not lively or interesting: dull or boring jejune,无聊乏味的 not interesting dogmatic

1. 自以为是的 expressing personal opinions or beliefs as if they are certainly correct and cannot be doubted 2. 教条的 of or relating to dogma

pompous

1. 自大的 having or exhibiting self-importance : arrogant 2. (建筑物) 气派的，宏伟的 relating to or suggestive of pomp or splendor : magnificent

baroque,冗长复杂的 having many details or too many details paradox

1. 自相矛盾 (的情况) You describe a situation as a paradox when it involves two or more facts or qualities that seem to contradict each other. 2. 悖论，似非而是的说法 a statement that seems impossible because it contains two opposing ideas that are both true

paradox

derive

1. 获得 to take or get something from something else 2. 源于，衍生 to have or take origin : come as a derivative

plasticity,可塑性 the quality of being able to be made into different shapes lopsided,不平衡的 uneven or unequal feeble

1. 虚弱的 very weak 2. inadequate, inferior

ethereal

1. 虚无缥缈的 lacking material substance : immaterial, intangible 2. 精妙的，优雅的 very delicate

offset

1. 补偿 to serve as a counterbalance for : compensate 2. 抵消 to cancel or reduce the effect of something : balance

trope,比喻 a word or expression used in a figurative sense trigger,引起 to cause something to start or happen offset

1. 补偿 to serve as a counterbalance for : compensate 2. 抵消 to cancel or reduce the effect of something : balance

compartmentalize,划分，区分 to separatesomething into sections or categories scaremonger,危言耸听者 one inclined to raise or excite alarms especially needlessly vindicate

1. 证明...无罪/无辜 to prove that sb who was blamed for sth is in fact not guilty 2. 证实，证明 to prove that sb or sth is right or true ： justify

emulsify,使...乳化 to mix liquids together to form an emulsion denigrate

1. 诋毁; 玷污 to attack the reputation of : defame 2. 贬低 to deny the importance or validity of : belittle

negotiate

1. 谈判 If people negotiate with each other or negotiate an agreement, they talk about a problem or a situation such as a business arrangement in order to solve the problem or complete the arrangement. 2. 成功越过 If you negotiate an area of land, a place, or an obstacle, you successfully travel across it or around it.

circumspect,谨慎小心的 careful to consider all circumstances and possible consequences : prudent spontaneous,(人)天真率直的（褒义); (sth)自发的，自然而生的 done or said in a natural and sudden way and without a lot of thought or planning ： instinctive， involuntary disorienting,困惑的 to make someone lost or confused humble

1. 谦虚的 not proud or haughty : not arrogant or assertive 2.(社会地位) 低下的 ranking low in a hierarchy or scale : insignificant, unpretentious 3. not costly or luxurious

stance,(对某事的) 态度; 立场 Your stance on a particular matter is your attitude to it. deliberate

1. 谨慎的 done or decided after careful thought: slow and careful; 2. 故意的 done or said in a way that is planned or intended : done or said on purpose

scarce,缺乏的，不足的 not plentiful or abundant discreet

1. 谨慎的 having or showing discernment or good judgment in conduct and especially in speech : prudent 2. 谦虚的 modest, unpretentious 3. 不明显的 unobtrusive, unnoticeable

condemn

1. 谴责; 责备 to say in a strong and definite way that someone or something is bad or wrong 2. 判 (某人某罪) to pronounce guilty : convict, sentence, doom 3. 迫使 (陷于不幸的境地) to cause someone to suffer or live in difficult or unpleasant conditions

discount

1. 贬损，低估 to think of something as having little importance or value 2. 不理会 to leave out of account : disregard

monarchy,君主政体 a country that is ruled by a monarch (such as a king or queen) counterpart,极相似的人或物 one having the same function or characteristics as another discount

1. 贬损，低估 to think of something as having little importance or value 2. 不理会 to leave out of account : disregard

rehash,改作；再处理 to present something again in a slightly different form: recycle discount

1. 贬损，低估 to think of something as having little importance or value 2. 不理会 to leave out of account : disregard

unbound,自由的，解脱束缚的 not controlled or influenced by something bourgeois,中产阶级的 relating to or belonging to the middle class of society capitulate,屈服，让步 to stop trying to fight or resist something , cliché,陈词滥调 a trite phrase or expression passionate,热情的，激情的 having strong emotions or beliefs : impassioned monarchy,君主政体 a country that is ruled by a monarch (such as a king or queen) counterpart,极相似的人或物 one having the same function or characteristics as another discount

1. 贬损，低估 to think of something as having little importance or value 2. 不理会 to leave out of account : disregard

emulation

1. 赶上(或超过)的雄心/努力.ambition or endeavor to equal or excel 2. 仿效 the act of emulating or imitating

eclipse

1. 超过 to do or be much better than（sb or sth）：outstrip , surpass , excel 2. 黯然失色 to make sth less important or popular

finicky,过分讲究细节的; 难以讨好的 very hard to please illuminate,阐明 to make something clear and easier to understand amend,修改；改善 to change or modify for the better : improve eclipse

1. 超过 to do or be much better than（sb or sth）：outstrip , surpass , excel 2. 黯然失色 to make sth less important or popular

abomination,令人憎恶的事 something that causes disgust or hatred enigma,难解之谜 something or someone that is difficult to understand or explain hobble

1. 跛行 cripple 2. 阻碍 hamper, impede

transform,to change sth completely and usually in a good way. violate

1. 违反 break, disregard 2. 亵渎 to fail to show proper respect for : profane

orderly,有秩序的 arranged or organized in a logical or regular way coherent

1. 连贯的 logical and well-organized : easy to understand 2. 条理清楚的 able to talk or express yourself in a clear way that can be easily understood

congruent,适合的，一致的 matching or in agreement with something placebo,安慰剂 something tending to soothe inert

1. 迟缓的 very slow to move or act : sluggish 2. 不能动的 unable to move

inert

1. 迟缓的 very slow to move or act : sluggish 2. 不能动的 unable to move

extraneous,无关的，不必要的 not forming a necessary part of something : not important spontaneity,自发行为; 自然举动 the quality or state of being spontaneous improvisation,即兴创作 the act or art of improvising linger,(想法、感觉、疾病) 继续存留 to continue to exist as time passes enervate,使衰弱 to make someone or something very weak or tired exigent

1. 迫切的，紧急的 requiring immediate aid or action 2. 苛求的 requiring or calling for much : demanding

maze

1. 迷宫 a confusing intricate network of passages or paths 2. 错综复杂的事物 something confusingly elaborate or complicated

labyrinth

1. 迷宫 a place that has many confusing paths or passages 2. 错综复杂的事物 something that is extremely complicated or difficult to understand

moderate

1. 适度的，适中的 average in size or amount : neither too much nor too little 2. 温和的 calm, temperate

detriment,损害，伤害 damage， injury apprehend

1. 逮捕 arrest, seize 2. 理解 to notice and understand something

arrest

1. 逮捕 seize, capture 2. 抑制 check

majestic,庄严的，宏伟的 large and impressively beautiful august,庄严的；令人敬畏的 having a formal and impressive quality ephemeral,短暂的 lasting a very short time churn,搅动 to stir or mix something with force relish,享受 to enjoy or take pleasure in something avant-garde,先锋派 flout,嘲笑，轻视 to treat with contemptuous disregard : scorn illuminate,阐明 to make something clear and easier to understand derivative,衍生的，不新颖的 made up of parts from something else : not new or original oblivious

1. 遗忘的 lacking remembrance, memory, or mindful attention 2. 没意识到的 lacking active conscious knowledge or awareness

spontaneity,自发行为; 自然举动 the quality or state of being spontaneous laboriously,辛苦地；费力地 requiring a lot of time and effort oblivious

1. 遗忘的 lacking remembrance, memory, or mindful attention 2. 没意识到的 lacking active conscious knowledge or awareness

encounter

1. 遭遇 to have or experience problems, difficulties, etc. 2. 邂逅 to meet someone without expecting or intending to

polish,使完美; 改进 to improve something : to make something better than it was before meticulousness,小心谨慎 very careful about doing something in an extremely accurate and exact way avert

1. 避免，防止 to prevent something bad frm happening : avoid 2. 转移（视线）to turn (your eyes, gaze, etc.) away or aside

evasive

1. 避而(不谈的),回避的,故意含糊其词的 : deliberately vague or ambiguous 2. 躲避的 done to avoid harm, an accident,etc.

credible,可信的 able to be trusted or believed consequential

1. 重要的 important or significant 2. 作为结果的 happening as a result

diametrically,截然地 completely opposed : being at opposite extremes adulation,奉承；谄媚 excessive or slavish admiration or flattery flummery,无味的恭维 meaningless flattery; nonsense consequential

1. 重要的 important or significant 2. 作为结果的 happening as a result

forsake,放弃 to give up or leave someone or something entirely eulogize,颂扬；称赞 extol prominent

1. 重要的; 著名的 important and well-known 2. 显眼的 easily noticed or seen : conspicuous

prominent

1. 重要的; 著名的 important and well-known 2. 显眼的 easily noticed or seen : conspicuous

bountiful,大量的 given or existing in large amounts eternal,永恒的 seeming to last forever aversion,厌恶 a strong feeling of not liking something suppress

1. 镇压 to end or stop something by force 2. 抑制 to not allow yourself to feel, show, or be affected by an emotion

liken,把...比作 compare controversy,争论 a discussion marked especially by the expression of opposing views : dispute hectic,繁忙的 very busy and filled with activity dilatory,拖拉的 characterized by procrastination : tardy quell

1. 镇压 to end or stop something usually by using force 2. 平息 to calm or reduce something, such as fear or worry

quell

1. 镇压 to end or stop something usually by using force 2. 平息 to calm or reduce something, such as fear or worry

inconsequential,不重要的; 微不足道的; 无足轻重的 not important exposition

1. 阐述 the act of explaining something : clear explanation 2. 展览会 a public show or exhibition

recapitulate,概括 to give a brief summary of something forswear,发誓放弃 to promise to give up something or to stop doing something qualify

1. 限制，修改 to limit or modify the meaning of 2. 具体说明，使语气缓和 If you qualify a statement, you make it less strong or less general by adding a detail or explanation to it.

coalesce,合并 to come together to form one group or mass implausible,难以置信的 not believable or realistic incredible

1. 难以置信的 difficult or impossible to believe 2. 极好的 extremely good, great, or large

fraught,担心的，忧虑的 causing or having a lot of emotional stress or worry implausible,难以置信的 not believable or realistic incredible

1. 难以置信的 difficult or impossible to believe 2. 极好的 extremely good, great, or large

cliché,陈词滥调 a trite phrase or expression metaphor,隐喻 a word or phrase for one thing that is used to refer to another thing in order to show or suggest that they are similar elusive

1. 难以表述的难懂的 hard to understand, define, or remember; slippery 2. 难以捕捉的 hard to find or capture

disproportionate,不成比例的 being out of proportion rehash,改作；再处理 to present something again in a slightly different form: recycle elusive

1. 难以表述的难懂的 hard to understand, define, or remember; slippery 2. 难以捕捉的 hard to find or capture

elusive

1. 难以表述的难懂的 hard to understand, define, or remember; slippery 2. 难以捕捉的 hard to find or capture

furtive,鬼鬼祟祟的，秘密的 done by stealth : surreptitious elusive

1. 难以表述的难懂的 hard to understand, define, or remember; slippery 2. 难以捕捉的 hard to find or capture

heartfelt,真诚的，衷心的 very sincere : earnest meager,少的 very small or too small in amount plausible,possibly true： believable or realistic impartiality,公平公正 treating all people and groups equally : not partial or biased envisage,想象，设想 to picture something in your mind bristle,发怒 to become angry elusive

1. 难以表述的难懂的 hard to understand, define, or remember; slippery 2. 难以捕捉的 hard to find or capture

banal,无聊的 boring or ordinary : not interesting opaque

1. 难理解的 difficult to understand or explain 2. 不透光的 not letting light through : not transparent

envisage,想象，设想 to picture something in your mind opaque

1. 难理解的 difficult to understand or explain 2. 不透光的 not letting light through : not transparent

onerous,繁重的; 费力的 difficult and unpleasant to do or deal with opaque

1. 难理解的 difficult to understand or explain 2. 不透光的 not letting light through : not transparent

opaque

1. 难理解的 difficult to understand or explain 2. 不透光的 not letting light through : not transparent

panegyric,颂词，赞颂 formal or elaborate praise calumny,诽谤；中伤 an untrue statement that is made to damage someone's reputation fulmination,严词谴责 to utter or send out with denunciation opaque

1. 难理解的 difficult to understand or explain 2. 不透光的 not letting light through : not transparent

dilatory,拖拉的 characterized by procrastination : tardy opaque

1. 难理解的 difficult to understand or explain 2. 不透明的 not letting light through : not transparent

opaque

1. 难理解的 difficult to understand or explain 2. 不透明的 not letting light through : not transparent

rally

1. 集合，召集（以支持某个观点，政党） to come together, or to bring people together,to support an idea,a political party. rally to do sth 2. 复原；恢复；重新振作 to become stronger again after a period of weakness or defeat. 3. 一致支持; 团结起来 When people rally to something or when something rallies them, they unite to support it.

diffident,缺乏自信的 lacking confidence : not feeling comfortable around people exasperation,愤怒 the state of being very annoyed or upset stunning

1. 震惊的 very surprising or shocking 2. 极好的 very beautiful or pleasing

juvenile

1. 青少年的 relating to or meant for young people 2. 幼稚的 unpleasantly childish

accent,强调，关注 to give special attention to something connotation,含蓄，言外之意 something suggested by a word or thing : implication generic,通用的 relating to or characteristic of a whole group or class : general，inclusive inclusive,包括的，包含的 covering or including everything affirmative,肯定的 positive zenith

1. 顶点 culminating point : acme 2. 鼎盛时期 the strongest or most successful period of time

detach,分离 to separate from someone or something subservient

1. 顺从的 very willing or too willing to obey someone else 2. 从属的; 次要的 useful in an inferior capacity : subordinate

allure,引诱 to entice by charm or attraction refractory,难驾驭的; 不服管束的 difficult to control or deal with obstinate

1. 顽固的；倔强的 refusing to change your behavior or your ideas 2. 难以控制的 difficult to deal with, remove, etc.

anticipate

1. 预期/料 to expect that sth will happen and be ready for it 2. 期待(好事）to think about sth good that is gonna happen. 3. 先于...之前(做) to do sth before sb else : forestall, prevent

undercut,削弱 to make something weaker or less effective anticipate

1. 预期/料 to expect that sth will happen and be ready for it 2. 期待(好事）to think about sth good that is gonna happen. 3. 先于...之前(做) to do sth before sb else : forestall, prevent

subvert

1. 颠覆 to secretly try to ruin or destroy a government, political system, etc. 2. 削弱 to make something weaker or less effective

ogre

1. 食人魔 an ugly giant in children's stories that eats people 2. 令人害怕的人 someone or something that is very frightening, cruel, or difficult to deal with

lambaste,严厉批评 to criticize someone or something very harshly : censure lucrative,有利可图的 producing wealth : profitable esteem,尊敬 respect and affection impulsive,冲动的 doing things or tending to do things suddenly and without careful thought stale

1. 食物不新鲜的 of food : no longer good or appealing : no longer fresh 2.（地方、活动、主意) 乏味的，缺乏新鲜感的 not interesting or new : boring or unoriginal

oust

1. 驱逐，把...撤职 If someone is ousted from a position of power, job, or place, they are forced to leave it. 2. 代替 to take the place of : supplant

expel

1. 驱逐，逐出 to officially force someone to leave a place or organization 2. 排出 to force out : eject <expelled the smoke from her lungs>

lull

1. 麻痹，使放松警惕 to make someone feel safe and confident so that they are completely surprised when something bad happens：lull sb into (doing) sth 2. 使平静下来；使昏昏欲睡 to make someone feel calm or as if they want to sleep 3.(活动或噪声的)暂停，暂时平静期 a brief time when an action or activity stops

sentiment

1. （常用于由偏好或个人情感而形成的）观点 an opinion,attitude or thought(prompted by feeling) 2. 感情 feelings of love, sympathy, kindness, etc.

lapse

1.(一时的) 走神，疏忽，失误 a slight error typically due to forgetfulness or inattention. 2.终止，结束： to stop for usually a brief time: 引申义为：陷入 (某种静止状态) lapse into 3.(权利、契约等的)失效 to become no longer effective or valid 4.（时间）流逝 a period of time lapses, it passes.

be couched in sth,以〔特定方式〕表达，用...措辞 to be expressed in a particular way formal apocalyptic

1.(世界)末日的 relating to the total destruction of something, especially of the world . 2.预示大灾难的，预示世界末日的 Apocalyptic means relating to or involving predictions about future disasters and the destruction of the world

escalate

1.(使)〔战斗、暴力事件或不好的情况〕升级；(使)恶化 if fighting, violence, or a bad situation escalates, or if someone escalates it, it becomes much worse . 2. (使)升高；(使)增加 to become higher or increase, or to make something do this

taciturn,沉默寡言的 tending to be quiet : not speaking frequently tempestuous

1.(关系)紧张的,(情绪)剧烈的,(时代)风云变幻的 full of strong emotions(such as anger or excitement) 2.波涛汹涌的；狂风大作的 affected by a tempest : stormy

forage

1.(动物) 觅食 When animals forage, they search for food. 2.匆忙搜寻 If someone forages for something, they search for it in a busy way.

severe

1.(惩罚、批评) 严厉的 Severe punishments or criticisms are very strong or harsh. 2. 严重的 You use severe to indicate that something bad or undesirable is great or intense.

turbid

1.(水或液体)浑浊不清的 turbid water or liquid is dirty and muddy. 2.(思想)混乱的，.糊涂的 characterized by or producing obscurity (as of mind or emotions)

lull

1.(活动或噪声的)暂停，暂时平静期 a brief time when an action or activity stops 2. 麻痹，使放松警惕 to make someone feel safe and confident so that they are completely surprised when something bad happens：lull sb into (doing) sth 3. 使平静下来；使昏昏欲睡 to make someone feel calm or as if they want to sleep

wholesale

1.(破坏、迁移或变动) 大规模的 You use wholesale to describe the destruction, removal, or changing of something when it affects a very large number of things or people. 2.批发的，整批卖的 relating to the business of selling goods in large quantities at low prices to other businesses, rather than to the general public

precede

1.(级别、地位等)高于，在...之上 to surpass in rank, dignity, or importance. 2.(位置上)在...前面 to be, go, or come ahead or in front of 3 (时间上)早于 to be earlier than

impermanence,暂时性，短暂性 not lasting forever ：transience eternal,永恒的 Something that is eternal lasts forever. disdain,鄙视，憎恶憎恶 to strongly dislike or disapprove of (sb/sth) partisan

1.N.（某个政党,计划或领导人的）坚决支持者 someone who strongly supports a political party, plan,or leader. 2.ADJ（对某个政党，计划或领导人）偏袒的，盲目支持的 strongly supporting a particular political party , plan or leader,usually without considering the other choices carefully

retract

1.to say that something you said or wrote is not true or correct 2.to take back (something, such as an offer or promise)

turgid

1.〔因有液体或空气〕鼓得满满的，肿胀的 full and swollen with liquid or air 2.〔文章或讲话〕枯燥乏味的，很难理解的 turgid writing or speech is boring and difficult to understand

check,抑制 to restrain or diminish the action or force of : control downplay,不予重视 to make something seem smaller or less important vilify,诽谤，中伤 to say or write very harsh and critical things about someone or something stymie,阻挠，妨碍 to present an obstacle to aggrieve,使痛苦 to give pain or trouble to : distress circumvent

1.〔尤指巧妙或不诚实地〕回避，规避〔含贬义〕to avoid a problem or rule that restricts you, especially in a clever or dishonest way—used to show disapproval 2.〔改道〕绕开，避开〔某物〕to avoid something by changing the direction in which you are travelling

circumvent

enamored,迷恋的；倾心的 captivated， charming judicious,明智的 showing or having good judgement entanglement,纠缠 the condition of being deeply involved superfluous,多余的，不必要的 beyond what is needed : not necessary mandate,授权，命令 to officially demand or require something circumvent

supplant,代替 to take the place of circumvent

fervor,激情 a strong feeling of excitement and enthusiasm hybrid,杂交种 A hybrid is an animal or plant that has been bred from two different species of animal or plant. indiscriminate

1.任意而为的 not careful in making choices 2. 混合的 heterogeneous, motley

indiscriminate

1.任意而为的 not careful in making choices 2. 混合的 heterogeneous, motley

predecessor,前任，前一代 something that comes before something else tenure

1.任期 the amount of time that a person holds a job, office, or title 2.〔大学教师的〕终身职位，终身教席，终身教职 the right to stay permanently in a teaching job

hasty,匆忙的；草率的 done or made very quickly dilatory,拖拉的 characterized by procrastination : tardy warrant

1.使...显得必要; 使...显得适当：If something warrants a particular action, it makes the action seem necessary or appropriate for the circumstances. 2. warranted ：担保的 secured by written agreement： guaranteed

initially,最初地 occurring at the beginning of something ： incipient irk,使···生气; 使···烦恼 to bother or annoy someone immerse

1.使专心于 If you immerse yourself in something that you are doing, you become completely involved in it. 2. 使浸没 If something is immersed in a liquid, someone puts it into the liquid so that it is completely covered.

unprecedented,史无前例的 not done or experienced before fuel

1.使恶化；使更强烈 to make something bad, increase or become stronger. 2.刺激，激起 stimulate

cursory,粗略的 done or made quickly perfunctory

1.例行公事般的，敷衍的 characterized by routine or superficiality : mechanical <a perfunctory smile> 2. 缺少激情的 lacking in interest or enthusiasm

thwart,阻挠 to prevent someone from doing something or to stop something from happening animate,有活力的 having life : alive or living verification,验证，确认 the act or process of verifying utilitarian,实用主义者 made to be useful rather than to be decorative or comfortable perfunctory

1.例行公事般的，敷衍的 characterized by routine or superficiality : mechanical <a perfunctory smile> 2. 缺少激情的 lacking in interest or enthusiasm

tranquil,宁静的 quiet and peaceful heterogeneous,由不同成分形成的 made up of parts that are different extraneous,无关的，不必要的 not forming a necessary part of something : not important conjectural,（无根据的）推测的 an opinion or idea formed without proof or sufficient evidence perfunctory

1.例行公事般的，敷衍的 characterized by routine or superficiality : mechanical <a perfunctory smile> 2. 缺少激情的 lacking in interest or enthusiasm

utilitarian,实用主义者 made to be useful rather than to be decorative or comfortable perfunctory

1.例行公事般的，敷衍的 characterized by routine or superficiality : mechanical <a perfunctory smile> 2. 缺少激情的 lacking in interest or enthusiasm

intoxication

1.兴奋,兴高采烈 a strong excitement or elation 2.醉酒 the state of being drunk

resuscitate,使复苏；使复兴 to revive from apparent death or from unconsciousness : revitalize upend

1.击败 defeat, beat 2.颠倒 to cause something to be upside down

particularize,具体说明; 举例说明 to give specific details or examples of something tap into

1.利用；发掘，开发〔能源、资金来源等〕 to use or take what is needed from something such as an energy supply or an amount of money 2.利用，采用〔思想、经验、知识等〕to make as much use as possible of the ideas, experience, knowledge etc that a group of people has

conjectural,（无根据）推测的 an opinion or idea formed without proof or sufficient evidence judicious,明智的 showing or having good judgement forge

1.努力地缔造 If one person or institution forges an agreement or relationship with another, they create it with a lot of hard work, hoping that it will be strong or lasting. 2.伪造 (纸币、文件或画作等) If someone forges something such as paper money, a document, or a painting, they copy it or make it so that it looks genuine, in order to deceive people.

cowardice,胆小，怯懦 lack of courage or resolution forge

recapitulation,概述 a concise summary accretion,增加，累积 something that has grown or accumulated slowly panoply

1.华丽服饰 ceremonial attire 2.大批 A panoply of things is a wide range of them, especially one that is considered impressive.

dwindle,缩小; 减少 to gradually become smaller : shrink unimpeachable,无可指责的；无可怀疑的 very reliable and trusted : not able to be doubted or questioned ingenious,聪明的 very smart or clever predicament,困境 a difficult or unpleasant situation vexation,恼火 the state of being worried or annoyed : irritation or annoyance wariness,谨慎，小心 caution demonization,妖魔化 an evil spirit genteel,有教养的，文雅的 free from vulgarity or rudeness : polite mundane

1.单调乏味的 dull and ordinary:boring 2.尘世间的，世俗的 concerned with ordinary daily life rather than religious matters

eloquence,口才；雄辩 the ability to speak or write well and in an effective way mundane

1.单调乏味的 dull and ordinary:boring 2.尘世间的，世俗的 concerned with ordinary daily life rather than religious matters

facilitate,促进 to make easier mundane

1.单调乏味的 dull and ordinary:boring 2.尘世间的，世俗的 concerned with ordinary daily life rather than religious matters

mundane

1.单调乏味的 dull and ordinary:boring 2.尘世间的，世俗的 concerned with ordinary daily life rather than religious matters

unfathomable,深不可测的，难以理解的 impossible to understand epic,史诗般的 telling a story about a hero or about exciting events or adventures mundane

1.单调乏味的 dull and ordinary:boring 2.尘世间的，世俗的 concerned with ordinary daily life rather than religious matters

unfathomable,深不可测的，难以理解的 impossible to understand mundane

1.单调乏味的 dull and ordinary:boring 2.尘世间的，世俗的 concerned with ordinary daily life rather than religious matters

distinctive

1.吸引人的/有趣的 appealing or interesting because of an unusual quality or characteristic 2.与众不同的; 有特色的 having a quality or characteristic that makes a person or thing different from others : different in a way that is easy to notice

evade

1.回避谈论〔某事，尤因试图隐瞒〕to avoid talking about something, especially because you are trying to hide something 2. 逃避〔该做的事〕to not do or deal with something that you should do 3.避开 to avoid sb/sth

cursory,粗略的 done or made quickly amorphous,无固定形状的 having no definite or clear shape or form methodical,有条不紊的 done by using a careful and organized procedure : systematic hatred,憎恨 a very strong feeling of dislike overt,公开的; 明显的 easily seen : not secret or hidden rudimentary

1.基本的 basic or simple 2.发育不完全的，未成熟的 not very developed or advanced

introspection,内省；反省 the process of examining your own thoughts or feelings identical,完全相同的 exactly the same analogous,类似的 similar in some way inexplicable,无法解释的 not able to be explained or understood rudimentary

1.基本的 basic or simple 2.发育不完全的，未成熟的 not very developed or advanced

rudimentary

1.基本的 basic or simple 2.发育不完全的，未成熟的 not very developed or advanced

undercut,削弱 to make something weaker or less effective rudimentary

1.基本的 basic or simple 2.发育不完全的，未成熟的 not very developed or advanced

fury,暴怒 violent anger usage

1.对待的方式 manner of treating 2.(指某物的)利用度；使用 Usage is the degree to which something is used or the way in which it is used. 3.(词的）意义；用法 A usage is a meaning that a word has or a way in which it can be used.

glamorous,迷人的，有魅力的 very exciting and attractive chic,时髦的 fashionable and appealing unfathomable,深不可测的，难以理解的 impossible to understand sensible,明智的 having or showing good sense or judgement attribute

1.属性，特质 a usually good quality or feature that someone or something has . 2. 认为...具有...的特性 to regard as a characteristic of a person or thing 3.把...归因于...to explain by indicating a cause 4.认为 (文章、作品等) 出自... If a piece of writing, a work of art, or a remark is attributed to someone, people say that they wrote it, created it, or said it.

undiscriminating,不加区别的 not make careful distinctions between people or things erudite,博学的 having or showing great academic knowledge contentious,引起争议的 likely to cause disagreement or argument methodical,有条不紊的 done by using a careful and organized procedure : systematic elephantine

1.巨大的 having enormous size or strength : massive 2. 笨拙的 clumsy, ponderous

sensationalism,追求轰动效应；哗众取宠 the use of shocking details to cause a lot of excitement or interest slant

1.带偏向性地报道, 有偏向性地陈述，to provide information in a way that unfairly supports one opinion, gives an advantage to one group etc 2. （使）倾斜，（使）歪斜；斜移 to slope or make something slope in a particular direction

frown,皱眉 to give evidence of displeasure or disapproval by or as if by facial expression rampant

1.常见的，大量的 used to describe something that is very common 2.（犯罪等坏事）猖獗的，泛滥的 growing quickly and in a way that is difficult to control

adverse,不利的 bad or unfavorable : not good restorative,恢复健康的 having the ability to make a person feel strong or healthy again introspective,反省的; 内省的 an examination of one's own thoughts and feelings meticulous,小心谨慎的 very careful about doing something in an extremely accurate and exact way thorough,彻底的；十分的 exhaustive collegiality,同事关系 the cooperative relationship of colleagues exactitude,准确 the quality or state of being accurate and correct eminence,显赫声名 a condition of being well-known and successful tenacity,执着 very determined and do not give up easily poignant

1. 令人伤心的,充满同情的 causing a strong feeling of sadness 2. 恰当的 being to point

contagious

1. 会传染的 having a sickness that can be passed to someone else by touching 2. 有感染力的 capable of being easily spread to others : causing other people to feel or act in a similar way

futile,无用的，无效的 having no result or effect : pointless or useless contagious

1. 会传染的 having a sickness that can be passed to someone else by touching 2. 有感染力的 capable of being easily spread to others : causing other people to feel or act in a similar way

counterfeit

1. 伪造的 made to look like an exact copy of something in order to deceive people 2. 虚伪的 insincere ,feigned

embody

1. 体现; 具体象征 to represent something in a clear and obvious way : to be a symbol or example of something 2. 包含; 收录 to include something as apart or feature

discredit

1. 使...不可信 to refuse to accept as true or accurate : disbelieve 2. 使...丢脸 to deprive of good repute : disgrace

discredited

1. 使...不可信 to refuse to accept as true or accurate : disbelieve 2. 使...丢脸 to deprive of good repute : disgrace

baffle,使...困惑 to confuse someone completely buoy

1. 使...振奋 to cause someone to feel happy or confident 2. 支持 support, improve

adverse,不利的 bad or unfavorable : not good restorative,恢复健康的 having the ability to make a person feel strong or healthy again overshadow

1. 使〔别的人或事〕显得较不重要，使相形见绌[黯然失色]to make someone or something else seem less important 2.〔因使人感到难过或忧虑而〕给〔某一场合或某段时间〕蒙上阴影 to make an occasion or period of time less enjoyable by making people feel sad or worried 3. 〔高楼、高山等〕遮蔽，遮挡〔周围某处〕if a tall building, mountain etc overshadows a place, it is very close to it and much taller than it

forgo,放弃 to give up the use or enjoyment of something overshadow

sift from,筛选 to go through something very carefully in order to find something useful or valuable overshadow

credulous,轻信的 too ready to believe things : easily fooled or cheated impediment,妨碍；阻止 something that makes it difficult to do or complete something render

1. 使变得，使处于〔某种状态〕+ADJ cause to become 2. 翻译： translate 3. 给予，提供 to provide or furnish with ： supply 4. 放弃；让与；交出(与 up 连用)：give up ，yield 5.〔以某种方式〕表达；表现 to express or present something in a particular way :render sth as sth; render sth (in) sth

disregard,忽视，不重视 to ignore something or treat something as unimportant detriment,损害，伤害 damage， injury get in the way,妨碍，阻碍 render

consensus,共识 A consensus is general agreement among a group of people. reconcile

1. 使和解，调解 settle, resolve 2. 使（不一致的想法等）一致 to find a way of making two different ideas ,facts,ect. exist or be true at the same time <reconcile an ideal with reality> (霍叔叔提示：reconcile A with B A 和 B 语义反向）

rattle

1. 使慌张，使紧张 to make sb lose confidence or become nervous 2. 发出嘎嘎声 to make a rapid succession of short sharp noises 3. 喋喋不休 to chatter incessantly and aimlessly

mask,掩饰，遮盖 keep something from being known or noticed nullify

1. 使无效 to cause something to lose its value or to have no effect 2. 使失去法律效力 to make something legally null

nullify

1. 使无效 to cause something to lose its value or to have no effect 2. 使失去法律效力 to make something legally null

acumen,敏锐 the ability to think clearly and make good decisions : discernment spur,刺激，鞭策 to encourage someone to do or achieve something : stimulate negate

1. 使无效 to cause something to not be effective 2. 否定 to deny the existence or truth of

trenchancy,锐利；鲜明 the quality or state of being trenchant superfluous,多余的，不必要的 beyond what is needed : not necessary inconsequential,不重要的; 微不足道的; 无足轻重的 not important negate

1. 使无效 to cause something to not be effective 2. 否定 to deny the existence or truth of

spontaneous,(人)天真率直的（褒义); (sth)自发的，自然而生的 done or said in a natural and sudden way and without a lot of thought or planning ： instinctive， involuntary exhaustive,详尽的，全面的 including all possibilities : very thorough and complete enigma,难解之谜 something or someone that is difficult to understand or explain neutralized

1. 使无效; 使不能正常运作 to stop someone or something from being effective of harmful 2. 中立的 to make something, such as a country or area neutral during a war

glut

1. 供过于求 supply with an excess of : flood, oversupply 2. 使...充满 overeat or eat immodestly; make a pig of oneself: ingurgitate

enigma,难解之谜 something or someone that is difficult to understand or explain spur,刺激，鞭策 to encourage someone to do or achieve something : stimulate codify,编纂 to put things in an orderly form foster

1. 促进 to promote the growth or development of : encourage 2. 养育 to give parental care to : nurture

ephemerality,短暂 the quality or state of being ephemeral transience,短暂 the quality or state of being transient spur,刺激，鞭策 to encourage someone to do or achieve something : stimulate codify,编纂 to put things in an orderly form foster

1. 促进 to promote the growth or development of : encourage 2. 养育 to give parental care to : nurture

devious

1. 偏离的 deviating from a right, accepted, or common course 2. 狡诈的 cunning, deceptive

insatiable,贪得无厌的；不知足的 always wanting more : not able to be satisfied devious

1. 偏离的 deviating from a right, accepted, or common course 2. 狡诈的 cunning, deceptive

robust

1. 健壮的 strong and healthy 2. 强有力的 (观点、见解) strongly formed or built

robust

1. 健康的，强健的 strong and healthy 2. 强有力的 (观点、见解) Robust views or opinions are strongly held and forcefully expressed.

robust

1. 健康的，强健的 strong and healthy 2.强有力的 (观点、见解) Robust views or opinions are strongly held and forcefully expressed.

swift,迅速的 happening very quickly or without delay robust

1. 健康的，强健的 strong and healthy 2.强有力的 (观点、见解) Robust views or opinions are strongly held and forcefully expressed.

catalyst

1. 催化剂 a substance that cause a chemical reaction to happen more quickly 2. 刺激因素 a person or event that quickly causes change or action

dubious,怀疑的，不确定的 unsure or uncertain : feeling doubt about something superfluous,多余的，不必要的 beyond what is needed : not necessary aver,坚称 to say something in a very strong and definite way feign,假装 to pretend to feel or be affected by something avow,承认；公开宣称 to declare or state something in an open and public way exude

1. 充分显露; 洋溢 to show a quality, emotion, etc. very clearly or strongly 2. 渗出，溢出 to produce a liquid or smell that flows out slowly

divination,预言，占卜 the practice of using signs or special powers to predict the future encumber,阻碍 to impede or hamper the function or activity of : hinder replete

1. 充满的 having much or plenty of something : filled with something 2. 吃饱喝足的 having had plenty to eat : pleasantly full

replete

1. 充满的 having much or plenty of something : filled with something 2. 吃饱喝足的 having had plenty to eat : pleasantly full

precede

1. 先于 to happen, go, or come before something or someone 2. 超过，领先 to surpass in rank, dignity, or importance

glitz,浮华；炫目 a very fancy and attractive quality that is associated with rich or famous people forerunner

1. 先驱 someone or something that comes before another : predecessor, ancestor 2. 前兆 a sign of something that is going to happen

proffer,提供，提出 to offer or give something to someone untrammelled,不受限制的 not limited by anyone or anything exiguity,微小；些许 the quality or state of being exiguous : scantiness ponderousness

1. 冗长沉闷的 very boring or dull 2. 笨重的 unwieldy or clumsy because of weight and size

supersede,代替 to replace someone or something halt,使停止 stop disparity,不同 difference ponderous

1. 冗长沉闷的 very boring or dull 2. 笨重的 unwieldy or clumsy because of weight and size

gigantic,巨大的 extremely large venerable,尊重的 old and respected snub

1. 冷落; 怠慢 to ignore in a deliberate and insulting way 2. 断然拒绝 to not accept or attend something as a way to show disapproval

vicious

1. 凶残的 very violent and cruel 2. 恶毒的 malicious, spiteful

betray

1. 出卖; 背叛 to give information to an enemy 2. 显露，流露出 to reveal unintentionally : show, indicate

baneful,有害的；有毒的 causing destruction or serious damage sanguine,自信乐观的 confident and hopeful introspective,反省的; 内省的 an examination of one's own thoughts and feelings diverge

1. 分歧 to become or be different in character or form 2. 偏离 deviate

impartiality,公平公正 treating all people and groups equally : not partial or biased detachment

1. 分离 the action or process of detaching : separation 2. 客观，超然 freedom from bias or prejudice

dispense

1. 分配，分发 to deal out in portions 2. 执行 administer 3. 豁免 to give dispensation to : exempt

sever

1. 切断; 切掉 to cut off something : to remove or separate something by cutting 2. 断绝 (关系、联系) to end (a relationship, connection, etc.) completely

tentative

1. 初步的 not fully worked out or developed 2. 犹豫的 hesitant, uncertain

impair,损害；削弱 to make something weaker or worse invigorate

1. 刺激; 激励 stimulate 2. 鼓舞；使精力充沛 to give life and energy to someone : animate

invigorate

1. 刺激; 激励 stimulate 2. 鼓舞；使精力充沛 to give life and energy to someone : animate

blithely,快活地；无忧无虑地 happy and without worry obtrusive

1. 刺眼的 noticeable in an unpleasant or annoying way 2. 强迫人的 tending to bother people by appearing where you are not welcome or invited 3. 突出的 protruding

obtrusive

1. 刺眼的 noticeable in an unpleasant or annoying way 2. 强迫人的 tending to bother people by appearing where you are not welcome or invited 3. 突出的 protruding

extol,颂扬；赞美 to praise highly : glorify temperate,温和的；适度的；有节制的 not extreme or excessive : mild strenuous,费力的，艰苦的 requiring or showing great energy and effort dispassionate,不带感情的 not influenced or affected by emotions strident

1. 刺耳的 sounding harsh and unpleasant 2. 强硬的 expressing opinions or criticism in a very forceful and often annoying or unpleasant way

jubilant,欢乐的，高兴的 very happy : exultant sensuous,感觉上的 affecting the senses in a pleasing way enervated,疲倦的; 衰弱的 tired and weak circumscribe,限制 to limit the size or amount of something foreground

1. 前景 the part of a scene or picture that is nearest to and in front of the viewer 2. 最显著的位置 a position of prominence : forefront

overarching

1. 包罗万象的 including or influencing every part of something 2. 首要的；支配一切的 dominating or embracing all else

egregious,臭名昭著的，恶名昭彰的 very bad and easily noticed：blatant；flagrant empirical,实证的，以观察或实验为依据的 based on observation or experience inductive,归纳的 using particular examples to reach a general conclusion about something stand out from the pack,脱颖而出 to be different from others anonymous

1. 匿名的 not named or identified 2. 不明显的 not distinct or noticeable

thwart,阻挠 to prevent someone from doing something or to stop something from happening celebrated,著名的 widely known and often referred to renowned,著名的 widely acclaimed and highly honored : celebrated anonymous

1. 匿名的 not named or identified 2. 不明显的 not distinct or noticeable

thwart,阻挠 to prevent someone from doing something or to stop something from happening renowned,著名的 widely acclaimed and highly honored : celebrated anonymous

1. 匿名的 not named or identified 2. 不明显的 not distinct or noticeable

sordid

1. 卑鄙的; 不诚实的 very bad or dishonest 2. 肮脏的 very dirty 3. 贪婪的 meanly avaricious : covetous

singular

1. 单一的 of or relating to a separate person or thing : individual 2. 非凡的 better or greater than what is usual or normal

unavoidable,不可避免的 not avoidable : inevitable insurmountable,不能克服的 impossible to solve or get control of : impossible to overcome improvise

1. 即兴演讲，即兴表演 to speak or perform without preparation 2. 临时凑合 to make, invent, or arrange offhand

unruliness,任性 difficult to control warble,用颤音唱 to sing something especially with a high or shaky voice improvise

1. 即兴演讲，即兴表演 to speak or perform without preparation 2. 临时凑合 to make, invent, or arrange offhand

warble,用颤音唱 to sing something especially with a high or shaky voice improvise

1. 即兴演讲，即兴表演 to speak or perform without preparation 2. 临时凑合 to make, invent, or arrange offhand

ad hoc

1. 即兴的 made or done without planning because of an immediate need 2. 特别的 formed or used for a special purpose

de-emphasize,不再重视，不再强调 to reduce in relative importance : play down implement,实施; 执行 to begin to do or use doom

1. 厄运 very bad events or situations that cannot be avoided 2. 注定 to make someone or something certain to fail, suffer, die, etc.

discretionary,自由决定的 available to be used when and how you decide skirt,避免 to avoid something especially because it is difficult or will cause problems scrutinize,仔细检查 to examine something carefully especially in a critical way counter,反驳，反对 to act in opposition to : oppose doom

1. 厄运 very bad events or situations that cannot be avoided 2. 注定 to make someone or something certain to fail, suffer, die, etc.

smother

1. 压抑，抑制 to try to keep something from happening 2. 覆盖 to cover something in order to keep it from growing or spreading

compact,紧凑的 closely or firmly packed or joined together pristine

1. 原始状态的，崭新的 not changed by people : original 2. 淳朴的 in perfect condition : completely clean, fresh, neat, etc.

pristine

1. 原始状态的，崭新的 not changed by people : original 2. 淳朴的 in perfect condition : completely clean, fresh, neat, etc.

disclose,公开，揭露 to make something known to the public brook,容忍，允许 to allow something to exist or happen repudiate,拒绝，驳斥 to refuse to accept or support something : to reject something or someone regurgitate

1. 反刍 to bring food that has been swallowed back to and out of the mouth 2. 重申观点 to repeat something, such as a fact, idea,etc without understanding it

benevolent,仁慈的 kind and generous vista,远景 a large and beautiful view of an area of land or water volatile

1. 变化无常的 likely to change in a very sudden or extreme way 2. 情绪不稳定的 having or showing extreme or sudden changes of emotion 3. 转瞬即逝的 difficult to capture or hold permanently : evanescent, transitory

volatile

rebellious

1. 叛逆的 resisting treatment or management : refractory 2. 反叛的 refusing to obey rules or authority or to accept normal standards of behavior, dress,etc.

compliant,顺从的 willing to do whatever you are asked or ordered to do : ready and willing to comply rarefied

1. 只有少数人能理解的 understood by only a small group of people 2. 稀薄的 being less dense

contingent

1. 可能的 likely but not certain to happen : possible 2. 因情况而异的，视条件而定的 dependent on or conditioned by something else

implication

1. 可能的影响 a possible future effect or result of an action, decision, etc. 2〔与罪行或欺诈行为的〕牵涉，牵连（the implication of sb in sth).a situation in which it is shown or suggested that someone or something is involved in a crime or a dishonest act . 3. 含意，暗示 a suggestion that is not made directly but that people are expected to understand or accept

prescient,有先见之明的，预知的 the ability to know what will or might happen in the future banal,无聊的 boring or ordinary : not interesting viable

1. 可行的 capable of being done or used 2. 能养活的 capable of growing or developing

paragon,模范 a model of excellence or perfection tangible

1. 可触摸的 capable of being perceived especially by the sense of touch : palpable 2. 有形的 substantially real : material

undercut,削弱 to make something weaker or less effective tangible

1. 可触摸的 capable of being perceived especially by the sense of touch : palpable 2. 有形的 substantially real : material

trivial,不重要的 not important calculable

1. 可靠的 that may be counted on : dependable，reliable . 2.可计算的 Calculable amounts or consequences can be calculated.

legitimate

1. 合理的 If you say that something such as a feeling or claim is legitimate, you think that it is reasonable and justified. 2.合法的 Something that is legitimate is acceptable according to the law.

comity,和谐，友善 friendly social atmosphere : social harmony conformity

1. 同意 correspondence in form, manner, or character : agreement 2. 随大流 behaving in the same way as most other people 3. 遵守 action in accordance with some specified standard or authority

accession（to）

1. 同意 the act of agreeing to a demand formal 2. 就职，登基 the act or process by which someone rises to a powerful and important position 3. 增加 something added : acquisition

concession,让步 the act or an instance of conceding accession （to）

1. 同意 the act of agreeing to a demand formal 2. 就职，登基 the act or process by which someone rises to a powerful and important position 3. 增加 something added : acquisition

conform,(与法律、愿望等) 相符合 to obey or agree with something accede

1. 同意 to agree to a request or a demand 2. 就任 to enter a high office or position

antithetical,对立的 directly opposite or opposed coincident

1. 同时发生的 happening at the same time 2. 一致的，相似的 of similar nature ： harmonious

allusion,暗示 a statement that refers to something without mentioning it directly ramification

1. 后果 consequence, outgrowth 2. 分支 branch, offshoot

apocryphal,伪的 of doubtful authenticity : spurious panacea,万能药 a remedy for all ills or difficulties : cure-all malady,小疾病 a disease or illness recede

1. 后退 to move back or away : withdraw 2. 减弱 to grow less or smaller : diminish, decrease

murky

1. 含糊不清的; 晦涩难懂的 not clearly expressed or understood 2. 模糊的 very dark or foggy

germane,有密切关系的 relating to a subject in an appropriate way exhaustion,精疲力竭 the state of being extremely tired deference,尊敬 a way of behaving that shows respect for someone or something groan

1. 呻吟 to utter a deep moan indicative of pain, grief, or annoyance 2. 抱怨 to complain about something

1. 咆哮 to talk loudly and in a way that shows anger 2. 痛骂 to scold vehemently

benign

1. 和善的 of a gentle disposition : gracious 2. 宜人的 favorable, wholesome

intoxicated

1. 喝醉的 affected by alcohol or drugs 2. 陶醉的 If you are intoxicated by or with something such as a feeling or an event, you are so excited by it that you find it hard to think clearly and sensibly.

specious,似是而非的 appearing to be true but actually false blatant

1. 喧嚣的 noisy especially in a vulgar or offensive manner : clamorous 2. 明目张胆的，公然的 You use blatant to describe something bad that is done in an open or very obvious way：brazen， flagrant

apathetic,没兴趣的 having little or interest or concern： indifferent abhorrent,令人憎恶的 causing or deserving strong dislike or hatred stubborn

1. 固执的 refusing to change your ideas or to stop doing something : obstinate 2. 难处理的 difficult to deal with, remove, etc.

ubiquitous,无处不在的 seeming to be seen everywhere worrisome,令人担心的 causing people to worry stubborn

1. 固执的 refusing to change your ideas or to stop doing something : obstinate 2. 难处理的 difficult to deal with, remove, etc.

exile,放逐，流放 to banish or expel from one's own country or home infuriate,激怒 to make someone very angry or annoyed enigmatic,神秘难解的 full of mystery and difficult to understand fickle,善变的 changing often stalwart

1. 坚定的 very loyal and dedicated 2. 强壮的 physically strong

intricate

1. 复杂精细的 having many complexly interrelated parts or elements : complicated 2. 复杂的 difficult to resolve or analyze

novel,新颖的，新奇的 new and different from what has been known before intricate

1. 复杂精细的 having many complexly interrelated parts or elements : complicated 2. 复杂的 difficult to resolve or analyze

derivative,衍生的，不新颖的 made up of parts from something else : not new or original arcane,神秘的；晦涩难解的 secret or mysterious : known or understood by only a few people obscure