HIST 1320 InQuizitive Practice Exam 1

Identify the statements that describe liberal reformers during the Gilded Age.

Correct -Some liberal reformers urged a return to property qualifications for voting. -Liberal reformers feared that as lower classes looked to use government to further their own interests, democracy was becoming a threat to individual liberty and the rights to property. Incorrect -Liberal reformers advocated for an activist government that would address social needs. -Many liberal reformers saw the industrial system as the very embodiment of the American dream.

Identify the events and conditions that led to the second industrial revolution that took place between the Civil War and the early twentieth century.

Correct -The country had a growing supply of labor and an expanding market for manufactured goods. -There was money available for investment. -The federal government enacted tariffs that protected American industry from foreign competition. Incorrect -The exportation of technical innovations, most notably the automobile, generated a significant influx of revenue into the United States.

During this period of time, how did the workers' ideas of freedom differ from those held by the owners and managers of the industry, and how did the courts construe freedom?

Correct -The courts overturned numerous laws that controlled aspects of economic activity. -Laborers looked to the government to protect their rights and ensure fair working conditions. -Owners did not want the government to regulate business or interfere in the economy. Incorrect -Owners wanted the government to regulate business and ensure the passage of laws that would stipulate working conditions and practices.

exercised federal policy to create parks such as Yellowstone, Yosemite, and Glacier

Theodore Roosevelt

Native American victory over the U.S. army in June of 1876

Battle of Little Big Horn

Analyze the table showing women's participation in the labor force from 1900 to 1930.What does it reveal about employment trends in the early twentieth century?

CORRECT: The percentage of married women in the labor force doubled between 1900 and 1930. By 1930, the percentage of the total workforce comprised of women was larger than the total percentage of all women who worked.------------------------------------- INCORRECT: x In 1920, there were more women in the labor force than men. x The percentage of married women who worked increased between 1910 and 1920

Indian Territory

Cherokee

created a merit-based system for federal employees, with appointment via competitive testing rather than political appointment

Civil Service Act of 1883

Identify the statements that describe the Haymarket Affair.

Correct -Eight men were charged with carrying out the bombing. -Four strikers were killed by police on May 3, 1886, when they clashed with strikebreakers. Incorrect -The Haymarket Affair led to legislation making it illegal for companies to hire strikebreakers and private security forces during labor unions' strike actions. -Police refused to believe labor leaders, and organizations were involved in the bombing.

Identify the statements that describe the Knights of Labor.

Correct -The Knights of Labor included women in its membership. Incorrect -The Knights of Labor membership was only strong in New York state and numbered at its peak 80,000 members. -The Knights of Labor never questioned the inequality of wealth in the capitalist system. -Asians on the West Coast were welcomed as members of the Knights of Labor.

As the United States matured into an industrial economy, Americans struggled to make sense of a new social order that included "better classes," "respectable classes," and "dangerous classes." Identify the statements that describe the nation's social problems during the Gilded Age.

Correct -There was a growing permanent factory population living on the edge of poverty alongside a growing class of millionaires, which posed a sharp challenge to traditional definitions of freedom. -Throughout the United States, state and local governments set up investigative committees to inquire into the relations between labor and capital in the face of increasing unrest. Incorrect -The iron law of wages was referred to by economists often to explain how wealth would eventually trickle down to the workers over time. -The international worker's movements espoused the idea that the laboring classes must find justice in the capitalist system.

During the Gilded Age, the federal government sought to define the place of Native Americans in society and address questions of indigenous citizenship. Place the following events in chronological order.

1)Congress eliminated the treaty system with the native tribes 2) The U.S. Supreme Court ruled In Elk v. Wilkins that citizenship did not apply to Native Americans. 3)The Dawes Act was passed, dividing tribal land into parcels of land open to white settlement. 4) Congress extended citizenship to all Native Americans.

Identify the statements that describe workmen's compensation laws enacted by 1913.

Correct Answer(s) They included laws protecting women and men injured on the job. These programs were funded by contributions from workers' own wages to avoid the stigma of depending on governmental assistance. Incorrect Answer(s) They were funded entirely by taxes on corporations and the wealthy. They established a standard of living beneath which no American should fall.

Identify the trends and events that catalyzed the large-scale global movement of people that took place during the Progressive era.

Correct Answer(s) few opportunities in immigrants' native countries, Press rapid industrial expansion and the decline of traditional agriculture, political turmoil, including revolutions and burdensome taxation, in immigrants' home countries, Press Incorrect Answer(s) the promise that all immigrants would be welcomed and accepted through Ellis Island and Angel Island into the United States,

Montana Territory

Crow

broke up the land of nearly all the western tribes

Dawes Act

According to Social Darwinism, the evolutionary process in humans was based on the survival of communities working together. Social Darwinists wanted the state to be the means of alleviating poverty to ensure the survival of the community.

False

Between the end of the Civil War and the early twentieth century, the United States experienced stagnant economic growth and the loss of international markets. (True/False)

False

In 1879, the United States went off the gold standard to help debt-ridden farmers.

False

In 1893, the historian Frederick Jackson Turner gave a celebrated lecture, "The Insignificance of the Frontier in American History," in which he argued the West had acted as a destabilizing and chaotic force in American history.

False

Most of the farms on the Great Plains were bonanza farms that covered thousands of acres and employed large numbers of agricultural wage workers. (T/F)

False

The conquest of the American West was a unique phenomenon in global history, whereby settlers moved boldly into the interior of regions of a great continent with a temperate climate, bringing their families, crops, and livestock, and establishing mining and other industries.

False

As the head of the U.S. Forest Service, he advised the president to set aside millions of acres of land as wildlife preserves.

Gifford Pinchot

Arizona Territory

Hopi

practice of buying out competing firms in an industry to monopolize an industry

Horizontal Expansions

Established to ensure that railroads charged farmers and merchants reasonable rates and did not offer better treatment to some shippers

Interstate Commerce Commission

founded the Sierra Club

John Muir

business leaders who wielded power without any accountability in an unregulated marketplace

Robber Barron

used the Sherman Antitrust Act to dissolve the Northern Securities Company

Roosevelt

Banned all combinations and practices that restrained free trade

Sherman Antitrust Act

supported the Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which authorized Congress to enact a graduated income tax

Taft

(1876 and 1892) Most likely to vote Democratic

The North

(1876 and 1892) Most Likely to vote Republican

The South

(1876 and 1892) Most likely to vote irregularly

The West

Muckrakers saw American cities as teeming with corporate greed that was undermining traditional American values.

True

The Battle of the Little Bighorn was an example of how the Indians occasionally managed to defeat army units as they sought to defend their tribal lands.

True

The Progressive era also witnessed numerous restrictions on democratic participation. New literacy tests and residency and registration requirements, common in the North and South, limited the right to vote among the poor.

True

the process of controlling all aspects of business from procuring raw materials, to manufacturing, transporting, and distributing the final product

Vertical Integration

implemented the Clayton Act of 1914, exempting unions from antitrust laws and barring courts from issuing injunctions that would curtail the right to strike

Wilson

The early decades of the twentieth century ushered in a wave of Progressive reforms, resulting in unprecedented social and political reform. Place the following Progressive accomplishments in chronological order.

Wisconsin governor Robert La Follette initiated state Progressive reforms, commonly referred to as the "Wisconsin Idea." Congress passed the Pure Food and Drug Act. The Seventeenth Amendment was added to the Constitution, providing for the direct election of senators. The Clayton Act was passed.

U.S. soldiers opened fire on unarmed Ghost Dancers, killing 150 to 200 of them out of fear of an uprising

Wounded Knee Masacare

Analyze the passage from John Mitchell's "The Workingman's Conception of Industrial Liberty" (1910).Liberty means more than the right to choose the field of one's employment. He is not a free man whose family must buy food today with the money that is earned tomorrow. He is not really free who is forced to work unduly long hours and for wages so low that he not provide the necessities of life for himself and his family; who must live in a crowded tenement and see his children go to work in the mills, the mines, and the factories before their bodies are developed and their minds trained. What Progressive issues does Mitchell allude to in this passage on "industrial liberty"?

the need to eliminate child labor the importance of education the concept of a living wage

Which of the following sayings or ideas can be attributed to President Theodore Roosevelt?

- Roosevelt believed there were "good" and "bad" corporations. - Roosevelt pushed for more direct federal regulation of the economy.