HIST289O ID Term Flash Cards

Burke and Hare

-1828 -Scottland -William Burke and William Hare along with their significant others were arrested and charged with the murder of Helen Mcdougal for the purpose of dissection -selling bodies to Dr. Knox -Hare turned king's evidence and Burke confessed to and charged with 16 murders Significance: brought body snatching back to parliaments, showed additional dangers

1752 murder act

-Great Britain -any executed murderers could be given to the Company of Surgeons for dissection Still seen as punishment significance: provided legal way to get bodies, still was not enough

Oliver Smedley and Reg Calvert

-Reg Calvert owned Radio City - Oliver Medley was a large investor and Calvert's friend -Smedley teamed up with Kitty Black in June 1966 to steal Radio CIty's equipment -Calvert went to confront Smedley and Smedley shot him -Smedley was arrested and convicted Significance: brought radio piracy back to parliament, showed dangerous aspects

Edward Agar and William Pierce George Tester and James Burgess

-responsible for the Great Train Burglary of 1855 -George Tester: worked as a clerk for railroad company and got the safe keys -James Burgess: worked as train guard and worked day of robbery -Edward Agar: copied safe keys -William Pierce: came up with plan -Fanny kay turned them in -everyone but Agar was convicted because he turned Kings evidence Significance: they pulled off first train burglary, very efficient, inside job

Company of Surgeons

-worked in 1700s and 1800s up until 1832 Anatomy act -Great Britain -the only people who could perform legal dissections of executed criminals -Significance: the only group who could perform legal dissections, very exclusive, made it hard for anatomists outside company of surgeons to get bodies

how to rob a train

1. Gather conspirators 2. Locate a good target 3. Get onto train4. Get to valuables 5. Remove the valuables from train 6. Escape any pursuers Significance: how people typically robbed trains

Pinkerton National Detective Agency

1st detective agency "We never sleep" motto Symbol of an open eye Significance: Searched out criminals while police departments were being more thoroughly established

Radio Luxembourg

1st program to get passed BBC. English speaking broadcasters broadcasted a radio show to britain Significance: 1st program/pirate radio to defy british broadcasting laws

3rd Phase of Somalian piracy

2008-2012: Explosion of piracy targets huge commerical ships (Boyah, Garaad, AFweyne and others) significance: largest wave of Somalian piracy

Reno Gang

A gang of train robbers in the U.S. Made up of John Reno, Frank Reno, Frank Sparks, Significance: They were a really big problem in the midwest and were hung by vigilantes.

The Great Gold Robbery

AKA The Great Train Robbery 1855 Actually a burglary on a train from London to Paris where an enormous amount of gold was taken Significance: 1st train robbery of significance

Sidford Hamp

An Englishman held up in a stagecoach robbery in 1872 in America Showed that bandits were not very bad ---> Hamp was poor and the bandits gave money they stole back when they noticed that Significance: Example of banditry in America; compare their behavior to other types of bandits

WT Stead

An english newspaper writer who wrote articles to raise publicity about age of consent Bought a young girl from her mom for an experiment on prostitution in order to write about it and spread awareness of the prostitution epidemic and all it involvesTried in court for kidnapping Tried in court for kidnapping September 2- November 10 1885 ---> found guilty, 3 months in prison Significance: He helped bring underage prostitution to the public eye

Maersk Alabama

Captain Phillips' ship Hijacked by Somali pirates in 2009 Significance: Displays the tendencies of Somali Pirates in the 3rd wave

3 Broadcasting Structures

Commercial radio - advertisement-based. Private (and sometimes public) broadcastingEx: Andorra, USA, Luxemborg, Monaco Government controlled broadcasting - funded and run by government no private radio stations, no advertisements Ex: Austria, Denmark, Belgiumbritish model - listener license based monopoly on broadcasting Ex: Britain's BBC Significance: Britain had a very strict structure when it came to radio, which pirate radio defied. These broadcasting structures are significant because they were the legal standard.

Mrs. Rice

Died Buried Resurrection men dug her up for anatomization Dissecting her for science Significance: a case of body snatching

Dr. Knox

Dissected the bodies of Burke's victims Significance: An example of the doctors who dissected bodies no matter where they came from. Also an accomplice in Burke's crimes because he accepted the bodies he brought ignoring the red flags that came with them.

Combined Task Force

Effort by countries in the United Nations to deal with the somalian pirates take over of MV victoria Significance: collaborative effort to try to ruin the somalian pirate plans/end the take over

Steps for Robbing a Grave

Find a recent burial = easier to dig up, fresh body Get supplies ---> WOODEN shovel (metal could injure body, was loud, heavier); canvas; crowbar Layout canvas, throw dirt onto it ---> hides traces of digging, easier to refill hole Dig a hole towards the head, insert hooks and crowbar under coffin lid, take ropes, put it behind the body raise it up Body is put in a bag (cloth sack ---> could break body and stuff it in), LEAVE CLOTHES IN GRAVE (taking clothes illegal) Refill grave Significance: These steps show that grave diggers were careful to avoid "technically" illegal activity- makes it more difficult to decide whether legal/not.

4 types of prostitutes

Full time - Escort/ Courtesan/"mistress"Full time- Brothel/w- house/ bawdy house/house of ill reputeFull time- street prostitute/common prostitutes Part time - dollymops Significance:Prostitutes were very common in Britain and throughout time. Prostitutes were known for spreading disease and were often seen as less than.

dolly mops and common prostitutes

Great Britain 1800s Dolly mops- subset of common prostitutes Worked intermittently for extra money Not primary trade Common prostitutes- street walkers Cheapest Paid very low rates Solicit clients on public streets Significance: most common types of prostitutes

contagious diseases act

Looking at syphilis and gonorrhea Specifically looking at military men since huge amounts of the military would be on sick leave at a time. Found that most of these men had seen prostitutes Passed in the british empiresVery widespread act Trying to limit STDs Any women suspected to be a prostitute was subject to a medical exam that was internalIf they had a disease they would be kept in a lock hospital to be treated - they didn't have to payIf you refused to go to a lock hospital you were put in jail Most countries forced prostitutes to register and get weekly medical exams Only applied to women Significance: Aimed to lessen prostitution and protect men from STDS. Was very one sided and sexist.

Highwaymen and Road Agents

Masked and armed Preyed on the rich Highwaymen were concerned with their appearance, but not the Road Agents "Stand and Deliver, your money or your life" Highwaymen operated in 1600s and 1700s Road Agents worked in American west well into 1800s

Henry Warburton

Member of Parliament in the late 1820s-early 1830s Was placed in charge of a committee to figure out body snatching problem Talked to resurrection men, surgeon's both in and out of guilds, King's surgeon1829 Bill did not pass, but the Anatomy Act of 1832 did 1855-> made profit from a school that sold body parts to students, huge scandal Significance: Created the legislation designed to end body snatching in Britain

Resurrection men

Men who robbed graves of recently interred people and stole the bodies to bring to anatomists to study. Significance: They gave bodies to anatomists in need. They helped the science further.

Alastair cooke

Modern day body snatching. In 2005, New Jersey the company Biomedical tissue services took body parts without permission from bodies in funeral homes. Alistair Cooke was an 80 year old man with bone cancer and they took his bones and sold them. Significance: It's an example of how body snatching has still continued today.

Radio Caroline

Most famous pirate radio Started broadcasting 3/1964, stopped offshore 1991 Significance: most famous and long lasting pirate radio station

Boyah

One of the first Somalian pirate captains Eyl fisherman attacking fishing trawlers because they were taking all the fish Significance: One of the most important somalian pirates

Radio City

Pirate radio station that was ruined over a fight about audio/broadcasting equipment. Was the scene of a robbery/hold upWas in towers (shivering sands) in the ocean Led to the death of the owner of radio city Significance: The death of the owner of radio city led to lots of political awareness and disapproval of pirate radio stations.

anatomy act 1832

Required licensing of persons who dissected bodies Ended company of surgeon's monopoly on legal dissection Required license for persons who kept records of dissected Ended practice of dissecting murderers Tried to get rid of connection between punishment and dissection Legalized turnover of bodies for dissection of anyone who died in prison, hospital, or workhouse if unclaimed by a relative after 72 hours Legalized bequests of bodies for dissection Created position of Inspector of Anatomy Didn't make bodysnatching illegal or legalize the sale of bodies or body parts Significance: A piece of british legislation aimed at taking away the demand for bodies and body parts in order to deal with resurrectionists and people like Burke.

anatomists

Scientists who study human anatomy Significance: They studied anatomy to further medicine. They often got their bodies from resurrection men.

MV Victoria

Ship taken over by Somalian pirates in May 2009 Ended with a $1.95 million ransom Significance: A modern case of piracy

Thuggee

Thugs = land based lawbreakers= 19th century Indian highwaymen Gained people's trust and slept at their camps, then murdered and stole things Was the income for their families Significance: They were India's version of highwaymen

1842 Vagrancy Act

illegal to sleep on streetillegal to begillegal to be acting in a riotous or indecent manner as a prostitute in public streetsup to a month in prison where you had to do hard labor Significance: One of the attempts the British Government made at limiting prostitution