History Alive Medieval World Chapter 5
habeas corpus
the principle that accused persons cannot be held in jail without the consent of a court
What were the effects of the plague on trade and commerce?
trade almost stopped completely during the plague
what caused the decline of feudalism?
more royal power and power for the common people - Magna Carta, Model Parliament, trial by jury
What were the effects of the plague on population?
one-third of Europe's population was killed
What was the cause of the Hundred Years' War?
France and England fought over control of lands in France. 1337-1453
What effect did the plague have on Jews?
They were often blamed for the disease.
What were the symptoms of the bubonic plague?
fever, vomiting, coughing, sneezing, egg-sized swelling
What changes did the Magna Carta bring about in English government?
1215 strengthened the rights of the nobles. The king had to observe common law and the rights of the barrons.
Using a map, describe how the bubonic plague spread to Europe.
1347-1351 The disease began in Asia and spread throughout China, India, and Europe along the Black Sea and the Silk Road, a major trade route. It came to Italy by ship and then spread throughout the land.
What was the Model Parliament and why was it created?
A governing body created to include more people in the government.
Model Parliament
A governing body including more people (even commoners) 1295
How did the Hundred Years' War contribute to the decline in Feudalism?
During this war, kings relied less on knights supplied by nobles and more on hired armies. Also, changes in war technology made knights and castles less useful. And the wars caused more people to feel loyal to their country and to their monarch. These reduced the influence and power of the nobles/vassals.
How did Henry II improve English Law?
He insisted on a jury trial for serious crimes. insisted on a royal judge. He strengthened the power of the royal courts at the expense of the feudal lords.
Thomas Becket
He opposed the king and sided with the church so he was killed.
What major event happened in 1429?
Joan of Arc led the French in the Battle of Orleans
King Edward I
King of England, Model Parliament which included more people in the government
King Henry II
King of England, legal reforms (trial by jury, power to the royal courts)
King John
King of England. Signed Magna Carta in 1215
What other major event began during the Hundred Years' War?
The Bubonic Plague came to Europe
What happened in 1164 that effected King Henry II?
The Constitutions of Clarendon led to conflict between King Henry II and the Roman Catholic Church
What were the effects of the plague on power?
There was such a reduction in the number of workers that power shifted from the nobles to the common people.
What was one positive outcome of the Bubonic Plague for the common people?
There were less workers to choose from so the shortage gave them more power.
Joan of Arc
a 17 yr old peasant girl who led the French army to victory at the Battle of Orleans in the Hundred Years' War. Captured by the English, burned at the stake for heresy. Created increase in national pride for both countries.
crossbow
a medieval weapon made up of a bow that was fixed across a wooden stock
long bow
a medieval weapon made up of a large bow used for firing feathered arrows; considered the technological advantage that allowed the English to win many battles in the Hundred Years' War
heretic
a person who holds beliefs that are contrary to the teaching of a church or other group
commoner
a person who is not of noble rank
Black Death
also called the bubonic plague; a deadly contagious disease caused by bacteria and spread by fleas; took a heavy toll on the populations of Europe and Asia
truce
an agreement to halt fighting
