History of Police

constable-watch system

A system of protection in early England in which citizens, under the direction of a constable, or chief peacekeeper, were required to guard the city and to pursue criminals.

The Future of American Policing

American law enforcement faces many challenges from fighting international and domestic terrorism, cybercrimes, to building sustainable working relationships with the communities they serve.

Metropolitan Police Act of 1829

An act introduced by Sir Robert Peel, which established London's Metropolitan Police Force. This is considered the beginning of modern public policing.

First police department in the United States

Boston Police Department (1838)

Bobbies

British police force whose primary goal was the prevention of crime. Named after Sir Robert Peel, who introduced the legislation that created the force.

Sir Robert Peel

British politician who organized a permanent police force in London

Acohol ,tobacoo and Firearms (ATF)

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives

Reform Era of Policing

Early 1900s to the 1960s. A direct reaction to the politics of before; took the form of police professionalism and antipolitics. The police relationship with the community became professional and officers were distant and gave the impression they were non-approachable and did not care for building an intimate relationship with the citizens and businesses in their jurisdictions.

Secret Service

Federal agency responsible for executive protection and for investigation of counterfeiting and various forms of financial fraud.

The Political Era (1840-1930)-Political Era of Policing

From the 1840s to the 1930s, the period of time when police were tied closely to politics and politicians, dependent on them for being hired, promoted, and assignments—all of which raised the potential for corruption. Mid-1800s to the early 1900s. Politicians, particularly mayors and ward politicians, controlled virtually every aspect of policing, including who got hired, what work officers performed, and who got fired. Police officers walked a beat establishing and building relationships with the shop owners and citizens who worked, lived, and played in the neighborhoods within the officer's assigned beat. The police officer's job was to serve the community and met the needs of the local political bosses.

Robert Peele

He is regarded as the father of modern English policing, owing to his founding of the Metropolitan Police Service. Peel was one of the founders of the modern Conservative Party. The son of a wealthy textile-manufacturer and politician, Peel was the first prime minister from an industrial business background.

Immigration and Naturalization services

INS agents patrol the U.S. border to stop illegal immigrants from entering the country, and the agency deports aliens who break U.S. naturalization laws. In the 1990s

Walking Beats

It was assumed that the presence of Bobbies on the streets would deter would‐be criminals from breaking the law.

County Police

Municipal Police that operate on a countywide basis and lack the non-law enforcement roles of the county sheriff. About 1 percent of local departments are county police.

local police

The police departments of municipalities; local law enforcement also includes county sheriffs and special police agencies such as park, airport, transit, and university police

Forensics

The science of tests and techniques used during the investigation of crimes. Forensic science is a critical element of the criminal justice system. Forensic scientists examine and analyze evidence from crime scenes and elsewhere to develop objective findings that can assist in the investigation and prosecution of perpetrators of crime or absolve an innocent person from suspicion

Community Era of Policing

Type of policing in which the public must be engaged to help solve and prevent crimes. This era of American policing encompasses the strategy of crime control along with providing community services by collaborating with the local community to help provide for a safer neighborhood. The policing philosophy went back to decentralizing and creating special units of community policing officers

municipal police department

a police force that enforces laws and maintains peace within a specified city or municipality

State Police

a state agency responsible for highway patrol and other duties as delineated in the state's statutes; some states require their police to investigate crimes against persons and property

FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation)

an agency of the Justice Department responsible for investigating violations of Federal laws

Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

an agency of the US Government, established in 1973. The primary task of the agency is to reduce the supply of illegal drugs produced inside the US or entering the US from abroad.

Boston Police Strike of 1919

the Police Force in Boston, MA went on a strike, and in fear of communism, President Coolidge (then governor at the time) fired them and called in the militia to be the police force

State Police Power

the State has the responsibility of providing for the safety and well-being of citizens so they are able to regulate business activity as well

Jobs in Forensic Science

10 common forensic science jobs Fingerprint analyst. Evidence technician. Forensic science technician. Forensic specialist. Forensics manager. Forensic investigator. Forensic accountant. Forensic engineer.

military style of administration

Officers had ranks, wore uniforms, and adhered to an authoritarian system of command and discipline. Such as Sargeant, Captain. Chief, etc.

New York

Police department in the United States was established in New York City in 1844 (it was officially organized in 1845). Other cities soon followed suit: New Orleans and Cincinnati (Ohio) in 1852; Boston and Philadelphia in 1854; Chicago and Milwaukee (Wis.) In 1838, the city of Boston established the first American police force, followed by New York City in 1845, Albany, NY and Chicago in 1851, New Orleans and Cincinnati in 1853, Philadelphia in 1855, and Newa

watch system

Practice of assigning individuals to night observation duty to warn the public of fires and crime that was first introduced to the American colonies in Boston and that later evolved into a system of paid, uniformed police

crime prevention

The anticipation, recognition, and appraisal of a crime risk and the initiation of action to eliminate or reduce it.