history online quiz
The idea of freedom suddenly took on new and expanded meanings between 1640 and 1660. Identify the statements that describe the Levellers and their contributions to the expanded idea of freedom during this time
- was the first democratic political movement that proposed a written constitution, which proposed to abolish the monarchy and expand the right to vote -offered a glimpse of the modern definition of freedom as a universal entitlement based on equal rights, not a function of social class
what does this image reveal about the life of pocahontas
-After her Christian conversion, her name was changed to Rebecca -She adopted English dress after her marriage to John Wolfe
Identify the statements that describe the significance of the headright system and the House of Burgesses to the development of Virginia.
-House of Burgesses was first elected assembly in colonial America, established in place of governer's militaristic regime -in order to attract more settlers, Virginia Company introduced headright system that awarded land to individuals who paid their passage to the New World
Anne Hutchinson and John Cotton were denounced for Antinomianism, or putting their own judgment or faith above the teachings of the church. Identify the statements that describe the significance of Anne Hutchinson to the region's religious culture
-Hutchinson demonstrated how Puritan belief in each individual's ability to interpret the Bible could lead to criticism of the establishment -Showed other interpretations of the Bible and critiqued preachers
Identify the statements that describe an indentured servant or the conditions in which indentured servants lived.
-Indentured servants were men and women from Europe who signed labor contract to pay way into New World -Indentured servants could be bought and sold like slaves and their obligations to labor were enforced by the court
What does this image reveal about the subtle changes that took place in Indian life as Indians became integrated into the Atlantic economy?
-Indians adopted English made attire and products including those made of metal -although settlers tried to impose way of life on indians, they maintained their cultural identities and practices
In the mid-seventeenth century, some Puritan leaders began to worry about their society's growing commercialization and declining piety, or "declension." Identify the statements that describe the Half-Way Covenant and its impact on the church.
-Massachusetts churches were forced to deal with a growing problem—the religious status of the third generation. This led to the creation of the Half-Way Covenant. -The Half-Way Covenant made ancestry, not religious conversion, the pathway into the church and inclusion among the elect
What does the map reveal about English settlements in New England, ca. 1640?
-Massachusetts was the largest settlement, extending along the coast from the present-day state of Maine to Massachusetts. -Settlements didn't spread farther west than the Hudson River at this time. -The Connecticut settlement spread along the Connecticut and Thames Rivers.
Europeans held numerous ideas of freedom. Identify the characteristics of Christian liberty.
-Servitude and freedom were mutually reinforced through the ideal of becoming a "servant to God." -less a political or social status, and more a moral or spiritual condition
Identify the statements that describe the English Civil War in 1642
-There were religious disputes about how fully the Church of England should distance its doctrines from Catholicism. -There was conflict over the concept of "English Liberty." -There was conflict over restrictions to liberties, including the king issuing taxes without parliamentary consent.
Identify the statements that describe John Winthrop and his beliefs about the concept of liberty
-believed that true freedom required individuals to submit to both religious and secular authorities -first governor of Massachussets
Identify the key characteristics of the Hopi and Zuni civilizations of Western Indians.
-built planned towns with large multi-family dwellings -constructed dams and canals to gather and distribute water -conducted trade with faraway groups
Traders, religious missionaries, and colonial authorities all sought to reshape Indian society and culture. Identify the statements below that describe the recurrent warfare between colonists and Indians.
-colonists frequently forced out Indians and then settled on the land that they had cleared -the conflicts resulted in feelings of superiority from colonists and further encouraged their creation of boundaries b/w the two cultures
When compared to early and rapid success for the Spanish, the English were slow to get their colonies into a profitable state. Identify the reasons why Jamestown was unsuccessful in the first five years
-english colonists were too focused on finding large veins of gold bc rumored that spanish did it easily -settlers included numerous sons of english gentry and high status craftsmen who didnt want to grow crops and labor -disease took a toll
Colonial English women were defined by their legal status as "feme covert" (married) or "feme sole" (single). Identify the unique privileges feme sole women enjoyed.
-female sole women could make contracts and conduct business -female sole women could own land
Native and English colonial groups traded many goods and ideas. Identify the goods and ideas Indians shared with the colonists.
-furs and animal skins -native farming techniques -free, uncultivated land
Identify which criticisms of the church and the King of England resulted in Roger Williams's banishment from the colony of Massachusetts.
-he believed in religious toleration, citing that God had singled out not only the Puritans for salvation -he was critical of the king for taking land from the natives w/o payment
Indian culture was transformed by acquiring new items from the English colonists through trading. Identify what Indians acquired and were exposed to by the colonists.
-indians were exposed to disease which devastated many tribes -Indians aquired guns which led to overhunting -indians aquired alcohol which led to social problems
By the 1660s and 1670s, ministers were regularly castigating the people for selfishness, manifestations of pride, violations of the Sabbath, and a "great backsliding" from the colony's original purposes. Identify the statements that describe "jeremiads" and how ministers used them to influence the actions of settlers
-interpretations of social and environmental issues-like failed crops and disease-as god's dissaproval -warnings issued by ministers for violations of church teachings
Identify the statements that describe the Great Migration and its impact on New England.
-involved the emigration of Puritans from England to Massachussets 1629-1640s -created foundation for stable thriving society in Massachussetts
Why was land ownership so important to English settlers
-it gave men the right to vote in most colonies -it gave men control over their own labor
Identify the statements that describe Oliver Cromwell and his policy of colonial expansion.
-led an aggressive policy of colonial expansion, extending English control over Ireland and Jamaica -English ruler who assumed power after the execution of Charles I
Identify the rights and responsibilities of people living in Massachusetts as outlined in the Body of Liberties.
-liberties were viewed as priviledges connected to one's place in the social order -slavery was allowed in the Body of Liberties -a separate list of rights and restrictions existed for those who were dependent on others including women, children, and servants
Identify the statements that describe Lord Calvert and his vision for Maryland.
-son of one of King Charles I's favs, wanted to create feudal system in maryland -wanted maryland to be refuge for persecuted catholics in england`
It took convincing to get Queen Elizabeth I to support colonization. Identify all of the following ideas that were reflected in Richard Hakluyt's A Discourse Concerning Western Planting, which listed 23 reasons why Queen Elizabeth I should support the establishment of colonies.
-the colonies would be a solution for unemployment -the New World needed to be rescued from Spanish empire -English could compete against Spanish Catholics for converted Indian souls in New World
Place the following events in chronological order to describe early English colonization.
1. Hakluyt wrote A Discourse Concerning Western Planting, arguing that Queen Elizabeth I should support colonies in New World. 2. Roanoke island was settled but failed due to lack of planning 3. Jamestown established 4. Pilgrims found Plymouth 5. Mayflower Compact
The settlement at Roanoke represented an early failure for the English to colonize. Identify why it most likely failed.
Although it is not known for sure, the English colonists at Roanoke most likely moved and blended in with native tribes
What was the first college established in the English colonies
Harvard
Given his recommendation for the improvement of Indian and Spanish relations, Bartolomé de Las Casas would have most in common with which other reform-minded individual?
Martin Luther
There were many demographic differences when looking at the early settlers of Virginia and those who settled in Massachusetts. Identify the characteristics of the two colonial settlements.
Massachussetts: -the majority of population consist of families -family farms produce diverse array of crops w fish and timber -healthier pop due to climate Virginia -tobacco most common cash crop -The House of Burgesses was their 1st body of gov -majority of pop is single men
Identify the key characteristics of the Spanish, French, and Dutch colonies.
SPANISH -The home country refused to allow people from other countries to migrate to their colonies in the New World. FRENCH -They married Indian women, relying on them as guides, traders, and interpreters. DUTCH -Religious toleration existed for colonists. -Legal rights existed for women -This country had patroons, who were landowners who had tenants work on their land for profits.
As a result of the struggle over English liberties, the definition of freedom was greatly expanded both in England and English North America.
True
The establishment of Virginia and Maryland shared many similarities and also some notable differences. Identify which of the following characteristics correspond to either Virginia, Maryland, or both settlements.
Virginia: -settlement established by company of investors Maryland: -indentured servants more likely to become land owners -people of catholic faith could find refuge and encouraged to settle here Both: -tobacco leading cash crop -the headright system was in place -unhealthy conditions=high death rate -indentured servants relied on for majority of labor in early years
An indentured servant in New France would most likely serve in which of the following positions?
a servant to anyone who held the labor contract
An important strategy in England's attempt to subdue the Irish in the seventeenth century was to integrate them into English society
false
In seventeenth-century England, working for wages was widely associated with servility and loss of liberty. Only those who controlled their own labor could be regarded as truly free. Based on this understanding, which type of worker would claim the most personal liberty and freedom?
farmers
What was the enclosure movement?
landlords displacing small farmers from their lands and fencing in their holdings to keep commoners away
What does the image The Savage Family (1779) reveal about the typical Puritan family?
puritans had large families as a substantial part of women's lives was devoted to giving birth a raising children
Moral Liberty" was critical to the personal and governed lives of Puritans in Massachusetts. Identify the statement that describes the limits to personal freedom that accompanied "moral liberty."
puritans had to subject themselves to authority which included their personal freedoms being regulated by the church and god
England had many internal problems that caused both a civil war and persecution throughout the 1500s. Identify the primary conflict during this time.
the struggle to unify the country under one church
Although Puritans deemed women the spiritual equals of men, they were still required to obey men's will. This was essential because in a farming society where there were few slaves and servants, men had to maintain control over the labor of the family in order to survive and prosper
true
Much like slaves, indentured servants were subjected to forced labor and brutal treatment. But unlike slaves, after completing their contracted work obligations, indentured servants received "freedom dues" and became members of society.
true
Puritanism came out of the rejection of Catholicism and the search for true Protestantism. As such, Puritans encouraged individuals to read the Bible for themselves, rather than rely on sacraments and formulaic prayers administrated by priests. Puritans considered themselves to be true Protestants.
true
