History Test Chapter 3

James ll

1685-1688

William ll and Mary ll

1689 - 1702

Anne

1702 - 1714

George l

1714- 1727

George ll

1727- 1760

The Great Awakening

1730's and 1740's, religious revival that brought lots of colonists into churches

George ll

1760 - 1820

Mercantilism-

A system of trade that benefits the mother country They get raw materials from the colonies, make it into something necessary for the mother country to take and feed into industrialization Manufactured goods are then sold into the open market

Pontiac

An Ottawa leader

William Pitt

An energetic, self-confident politician, one of the new leaders elected to run Britain

Navigation Acts

England established a restriction of trade in the US unless they were colonial or english ships All commerce had to pass through an English port A lot of taxes were put on the items imported from the colonies All vessels had to be operated by crews who were at least 3/4 English or Colonial blood The colonies could export certain products but only to England

In the 1700s an intellectual movement known as the enlightenment developed in Europe and spread to the colonies. Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson were among those colonists heavily influenced by Enlightenment ideas. In which of the following ways did the enlightenment affect the colonists?

Enlightenment Ideas convinced people of the importance of civil rights.

what factors contributed to the witchcraft hysteria in late 17th century salem?

First and foremost, the clergy was the law back then and they were ignorant with power.. There was no separation of church and state, Second, fear of being accused after the first few were either burned or hanged, contributed to more accusations. "Get them before they get me" mentality. And, in my opinion, I think people were bored to a certain extent. Sometimes, in small towns were church was really the only thing that people had in common, they wanted some drama. It just like Gore Vidal said, "There was a church on one side of town, a church on the other and lynchings during the week."

which ethnic groups besides the english began to settle in the south?

In the southern US, there were English, German, Scotch-Irish (Scots who settled in northern Ireland in the 1600s, then further emigrated to the US), Scotch (lowland and highland) and French!. And of course a few from other cultures! be able to match ethnic groups with places on a map.

Pontiac

Indian Chief; led post war flare-up in the Ohio River Valley and Great Lakes Region in 1763; his actions led to the Proclamation of 1763; the Proclamation angered the colonists., famous chief of the Ottawa who led an unsuccessful rebellion against the British (1715-1769), Was a Native American chief of an Ottawa village near Detroit and he recognized that the British settlers threatened the Native American way of life. So he joined the Native American groups together and in the spring of 1763 Pontiac put together his alliance. He captured the fort in Detroit while the others captured other outposts. That summer Native Americans attacked and killed settlers along the Pennsylvania and Virginia frontiers in a series of raids.

Sugar Act

It halved the duty on foreign-made molasses It placed duties on certain imports Most importantly, it strengthened the enforcement of the law allowing prosecutors to try smuggling cases in a vice- admiralty court rather than in a more sympathetic colonial court

Why did parliament pass the Navigation Acts?

It regulated trade between England and its colonies and its purpose was to ensure that only England benefited from Colonial trade.

The Treaty of Paris ending the French and Indian War was signed during the reign of

King George the 3rd

Gentry class

Largely urban, landowning middle class in process of becoming an official that represented local interests to magistrates and functioned as quasi-bureaucrats under them- voice of the people

Salutary Neglect-

Salutary neglect was where the government ignored the colonies, let them do their own thing because it was easier for everybody They didn't want to spend the extra money to enforce the laws in the colony Lot's of smuggling started happening There was benefits for the English because they saved and made money It also helped ship building in the colonies It sounds bad but it was good for both sides

kings and Queens of England from 1685-1820.

See notecards below..

Stono Rebellion-

September Sunday in 1739

New France

The French Colony in North America in 1754

which social class came to control the economy as well as the political and social institutions of the south?

The Plantation owners.

What problems were brought about for Britain by its victory in the French and Indian War?

The end of the French and Indian War however had resulted in large debt that the British Parliament decided would be repaid by a raise in taxes on the colonies, being as they were the primary beneficiary of the successful prosecution of the war. Taxes were imposed on a number of items, including legal documents and tea. Stamps were issued to be affixed onto the legal documents and newspapers. Beginning in 1765, protests at the taxes and stamps began to mount in the colonies.

why did large, single-crop plantations not develop in the north?

The ground in the north was too rocky - the farmland of the south was fertile and flat.

Parliament-

The main government body in Great Britain White congress, legislative body in England

Slavery

The use of people purchased from traders for hard labor, often tobacco or cotton picking. Slaves had few freedoms, and were often harshly punished or killed for not meeting requirements set by their owners. Slaves were typically minorities., Northerners wanted to keep slavery and cut off new territory/states. North was not ready to fight slavery in South

Middle Passage-

The voyage that brought Africans to the West Indies and later to North America It was called the middle passage because it was considered the middle leg of the transatlantic Some wouldn't make it because of the conditions on the ships It was money maker so they packed the ships as tight as they could pack them

Why was the Glorious Revolution of 1688 significant to the colonies?

William and mary supported the supremacy of Parliament.

George Grenville

a financial expert, who served as prime minister in 1763

Triangular Trade-

a threeway trading process from Africa to West Indies to the Colonies The goods were traded for slaves then those slaves were sold or auctioned off

George Washington

an ambitious 22 year old officer, first president, Fort Necessity

Benjamin Franklin-

an outstanding enlightenment figure who embraced the notion of obtaining truth through experimentation and reasoning

Proclamation of 1763

banned all settlement of the west of the Appalachians This ban established a Proclamation Line, which the colonists were not to cross

How did immigration contribute to the ethnic diversity of the American colonies after 1700?

eople started coming to America from most of the European countries so the immigrants were ethnically diverse. Most of them settled in areas within the big cities and stayed together to help each other assimilate and to have someone for the immigrants to lean on when they first got here.

How did the French and Indian War help inspire a sense of unity and shared identity among the colonists?

eople started coming to America from most of the European countries so the immigrants were ethnically diverse. Most of them settled in areas within the big cities and stayed together to help each other assimilate and to have someone for the immigrants to lean on when they first got here.

Compared to the Southern colonies, the Northern colonies in 1720 were-

more urban

Jonathan Edwards

of Northhampton, Mass member of the clergy who sought to revive the intensity and commitment of the original Puritan vision

Cash Crop-

one grown primarily for sale rather than for the farmer's own use Tenant farmers, make a living, and feed your family King Cotton, Tobacco, and Sugar

Slave-

people who were considered the property of others because they were bought from a slave trader They were often treated very good though and had a nice place to live and eat food Workers who had no rights Slave for life african, contract indentured slave poor white people coming from England Immigrants

French and Indian War

the fourth war between Great Britain and France for control of North America

The French and Indian War

(1754-1763) was the North American chapter of the Seven Year War. The name refers to the two main enemies of the British: the royal French forces and the various American Indian forces allied with them. The conflict, the fourth such colonial war between the kingdoms of France and Great Britain, resulted in the British conquest of all of New France east of the Mississippi River, as well as Spanish Florida.

Glorious Revolution

- An overthrow of The English Monarch (James II), without bloodshed

Dominion of England

- Mass to New Jersey a Partnership It was an alliance between Mass and new Jersey, to be able to trade between themselves and to defend one another

Enlightenment

- The period in time that had many ideas about nature and life It had a profound effect on political though in the colonies Colonial leaders such as Thomas Jefferson used reason to conclude that individuals have natural rights, which governments must respect Enlightenment principles eventually would lead many colonists to question the authority of British monarchy Gaining New Knowledge in the 1700s

Sir Edmund Andros

- governor of New England The first one of the dominion

How did the policy of salutary neglect benefit england and the colonies?

-It saved money and both sides made money when the ship business developed.