History Thirty Years' War Quiz
What did the Peace of Prague do?
it protected northern Protestant leaders in Germany
What did Louis XIII do and why?
Declared war against Spain and the HRE because he was afraid they were becoming too powerful
Who won the third phase of the Thirty Years' War?
Protestants
When and where did the Thirty Years' War take place?
1618-1648 in Central Europe
When did the Thirty Years' War end?
1648, at the Treaty of Westphalia
Who did Christian's allies lose to?
Albrecht van Wallenstein, a Bohemian nobleman
Why was Spain interested in the German states?
Because they held the Spanish Netherlands in the western part of the Empire
Where did Ferdinand II take the throne and why?
Bohemia (modern-day Czech Republic), to weaken Protestantism throughout the land
What was the first phase of the Thirty Years' War?
Bohemian Phase
What were the four phases of the Thirty Years' War?
Bohemian Phase, Danish Phase, Swedish Phase, French Phase
Where did uprisings occur after Arras fell?
Catalonia and Portugal
Who won the second phase of the Thirty Years' War?
Catholics
What was the second phase of the Thirty Years' War?
Danish Phase
What were some outcomes of the Thirty Years' War?
Decline of feudalism, Further decentralization of the Holy Roman Empire, Franco-Spanish War until 1659, Substantial decline in the power and influence of the Catholic Church, Devastation of many German states
Where was Christian IV king, and was he a Protestant or Catholic?
Denmark, Protestant
When were the Swedish defeated?
During the First Battle of Nördlingen by the Spanish army
Why were Christian's allies useless?
England was weak and internally divided, France was in a civil war, Sweden was at war with the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth, and neither Brandenburg or Saxony wanted to change the peace in eastern Germany
When Matthais (HRE) died, who was weak and who did he need help from?
Ferdinand II was weak and needed help from Philip IV of Spain.
When Ferdinand II died, who took the throne and what did he want to do to end the war?
Ferdinand III, wanted to end the war through negotiations
What was the fourth and final phase of the Thirty Years' War?
French Phase
Who came to the aid of German Lutherans and helped stall the HRE to gain footing around the Baltic Sea?
Gustavus Adolphus
Where was Ferdinand II emperor?
HRE
Who did Ferdinand II release and who did he then rely on?
He released Wallenstein and relied on the Catholic League
Who was on the Catholic side during the war?
Holy Roman Empire (HRE), Catholic League, Habsburg Monarchy Austria, Bohemia (after 1620), Spanish Empire, Hungary, Kingdom of Croatia, Denmark-Norway
Who was involved in the war?
Initially, it was a religious war between the Protestants and the Catholics
What happened as the war went on?
It became less religious and more political, more of Europe was engulfed into the fighting
What did Wallenstein fear?
Losing his north German gains to a Danish-Swedish alliance
Who were two Protestant supporters?
Ottoman Empire, Russian Tsars
Who was a Catholic supporter?
Poland-Lithuania
Who won the fourth and final phase of the Thirty Years' War?
Protestants
What was the Peace of Augsburg?
Signed by Charles V of the HRE, ended war between German Lutherans and Catholics, establishing that a) German states could choose the religion (Lutheranism or Catholicism) of their realms and b) Lutherans could keep the territory they had captured from the Catholics
Who was on the Protestant side during the war?
Sweden, France, Denmark-Norway, Bohemia, Electoral Palatinate, and England
What was the third phase of the Thirty Years' War?
Swedish Phase
What did Christian IV think?
That Ferdinand II was a threat to Protestants everywhere
Who did the Bohemian states get to be their only ally?
The Ottoman Empire
What was the Peace of Westphalia?
The Peace of Westphalia treaties involved the Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand III, of the House of Habsburg; the Kingdom of Spain; the Kingdom of France; the Swedish Empire; the Dutch Republic; the Princes of the Holy Roman Empire; and sovereigns of the free imperial cities
What did the Ottoman involvement with Bohemia cause?
The Polish-Ottoman war which ended in a draw.
Why did the Ottoman Empire support the Protestants?
They had lost control of trading to the Austrians. They thought aligning with the Protestants would weaken Austria-Hungary (HRE).
What treaty allied the Swedish with the French?
Treaty of Bärwalde; French gave Swedish money to stay in Germany to protect against Habsburgs (French Finances, Swedish Swords)
How long did the French and Spanish fight?
Until France captured Arras
What was the Defenestration of Prague?
When Protestants seized Catholic political leaders and threw them out the windows (69 feet high). They survived, however. This started the Bohemian Revolt.
Where did Wallenstein return?
at the Battle of Lutzen, when Swedish leader Gustavus Adolphus was killed
What did the death of Matthais (HRE) cause?
for Protestant Western Germany and Austria to join the battle
What were Sweden and Denmark interested in?
northern German states bordering the Baltic Sea
Where did Christian IV lose another battle?
the Battle of Wolgast
Who won the first phase of the Thirty Years' War?
the Catholics; Spain destroyed the Protestant rebels
Who joined Denmark's cause?
the German States, since they were faithful to Protestantism and also France, who financially backed Denmark
What also ended at the end of the Thirty Years' War?
the Protestant Reformation