Hlth 250- Cal Poly- Winter 2022
A primary advantage of the contraceptive sponge is that
it does not require a fitting from a doctor.
When alcohol is inhaled rather than swallowed,
it is not metabolized prior to entering the bloodstream.
What percentage of adult Americans engage in aerobic physical activity that meets the national guidelines?
just over 50 percent
What percentage of adult Americans engage in aerobic physical activity that meets the national guidelines?
just over 50 percent.
If cells cannot utilize glucose for energy, the body will break down fat, which produces acidic molecules called
ketones
The organ that filters excess glucose from the blood is the
kidney.
Kurt, who is a vegetarian, had a cheese omelet for lunch. He is a
lacto-ovo-vegetarian.
The milk sugar that some people can't digest properly is
lactose
Once you have identified a target behavior that needs to change, your next step is to
learn more about the behavior, its effects, and possible obstacles.
At the end of each day, Anne writes down five positive affirmations about herself to block out any negative thoughts. Anne is demonstrating
learned optimism
A mentally healthy student who gets a bad grade on an exam would respond by
learning from the situation and improving study habits.
In a state of diabetic ketoacidosis
levels of acidic molecules in the blood rise dangerously high.
In a state of diabetic ketoacidosis,
levels of acidic molecules in the blood rise dangerously high.
The expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as at birth, is known as
life expectancy.
The main site of alcohol metabolism is the
liver
Due to the differences in training, an osteopathic physician would probably have more experience dealing with which condition than a medical doctor?
low back pain
Keisha has a negative attitude about life and puts herself down all the time. Keisha is displaying
low self-esteem.
Which of the following plays a major role in the cell-mediated immune response?
lymphocytes
Which diagnostic test is used to identify heart muscle damage caused by a heart attack?
magnetic resonance imaging
The purpose of hydrogenating unsaturated fats is to
make them more solid at room temperature.
The two contraceptive methods most commonly used by college students are
male condoms and birth control pills.
The legal term for improper or negligent treatment of a patient by a health care provider that results in loss or harm to the patient is
malpractice
The legal term for improper or negligent treatment of a patient by a health care provider that results in loss or harm to the patient is
malpractice.
Which type of health insurance plan involves a contracted provider network and a focus on wellness, preventive care, early intervention, and cost control?
managed care
Which of the following circumstances can cause a miscarriage?
maternal infection or hormone imbalance
The difference between surgical and medical abortions is that
medical abortions are performed without entering the uterus.
The hormone released by the pineal gland that causes drowsiness is
melatonin
chronic stress may cause structural degeneration and impaired function of the brain, increasing the risk of all the following EXCEPT
meningitis
Exercise helps with weight control by increasing the body's
metabolic rate
A cluster of conditions that strongly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes is known as
metabolic syndrome.
A biopsy reveals that a woman who has had breast cancer now has cancer in her bones. The process of cancer spreading from one organ or body area to others is
metastasis
All of the following drugs are used to treat opioid addiction EXCEPT
methamphetamine.
All the following are good sources of complex carbohydrates EXCEPT
milk
Observing a friend's successful attempt to quit smoking and trying some of the same tactics to quit yourself is an example of
modeling.
A trait or behavior that a person can actively control, such as eating habits, is a(n)
modifiable determinant
A trait or behavior that a person can actively control, such as eating habits, is a(n)
modifiable determinant.
which of the following statements about the graduating class of 2016 is true?
more than 70% of these students graduated with significant debt
Colleges have implemented programs to reduce alcohol use that include a nonjudgmental approach to working with students known as
motivational interviewing.
Patrick is going to begin chemotherapy to treat a type of lymphoma. Which of the following side effects is he most likely to experience?
nausea, fatigue, and hair loss
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that approximately how many Americans have diabetes?
nearly 30 million
Which of the following populations in the United States has the highest prevalence of overweight or obesity?
non-Hispanic black women
the restful, restorative period of sleep is
non-REM sleep
Luke plays football. His team physician calculated his BMI as 24. Luke is
normal weight.
The primary care practitioner in your campus health clinic has a master's degree and is authorized to perform exams, conduct diagnostic tests, and in some states may also prescribe medications. He is a
nurse practitioner.
The science that studies food and nourishment, including food composition and the physiological effects of food on the body, is
nutrition
Before receiving any care, patients must be made aware of the treatment plan and any potential risks involved. This is known as the right
of informed consent
To check your pulse and determine your heart rate during aerobic exercise, it is best to place your index and middle fingers on arteries located
on the side of neck or inside the wrist.
The five-factor model classifies curiosity, independence, and imagination as
openness
the five factor model classifies curiosity, independence, and imagination as
openness
The transactional model of stress and coping proposes that our stress response is determined by
our perception of the stressor, our coping ability, and our environment.
Drugs that can be purchased without a prescription as part of self-care are
over-the-counter drugs.
The principle of fitness training that holds that the body should be gradually required to do more than it is used to doing is
overload
Stress caused by not being able to accomplish all tasks and obligations in the time available is known as
overload.
In a fitness program, lifting an amount of weight that is moderately greater than what you are accustomed to is an example of
overloading
In a fitness program, lifting an amount of weight that is moderately greater than what you are accustomed to is an example of
overloading.
A person with a body weight that is 15% higher than recommended is considered
overweight
A person with a body weight that is 15% higher than recommended is considered
overweight.
The body organ that secretes the hormone insulin is the
pancreas
Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to all of the following EXCEPT
pancreatic cancer
The bubonic plague is an example of
pandemic
an optometrist
performs eye exams and prescribes and fits lenses.
Which of the following is a leading cause of disability affecting the extremities, especially in Americans over the age of 65?
peripheral artery disease
A type of mental illness that involves inflexible patterns of thought that, in many cases, lead to socially distressing behavior is a(n)
personality disorder
Paulo cannot recall a time when he did not feel terrified of spiders. He could be experiencing a(n)
phobia.
In a clinical trial for a new pain medication, Hayden was given an inactive substance instead of an actual drug. After taking it, however, his headache improved. This resulted from the
placebo effect.
The most common cause of female infertility in the United States is
polycystic ovary syndrome.
Terrence takes several vitamin supplements as well as a prescribed cholesterol medication and an over-the-counter pain reliever for his arthritis. Terence is exhibiting
polydrug use
Gavin downloads a new workout song every time he completes his week's exercise goal. This action is an example of
positive reinforcement
Mrs. J. is trying to get her third-grade students to remember to have their homework signed by a parent before bringing it to class. Students who remember every day for a month receive a gift card from a local bookstore. This is an example of a(n)
possessional reinforcer
Before the Affordable Care Act, if you had a history of back problems and needed health insurance, it was unlikely that your new insurance plan would cover any treatment related to your back problems until the policy had been in effect for a period of time. Your back problem was considered a(n)
pre-existing condition
One way the ACA is intended to improve the quality of health care is by emphasizing
preventative care
If you have moved to a new town and want to find a provider you can see for annual wellness exams and the treatment of routine ailments, you are seeking a(n)
primary care practitioner.
A self-replicating protein-based agent that is thought to cause mad cow disease is a type of
prion
Breakdowns in the criminal justice system contribute to violence when
prisons are overcrowded and mental health services are inadequate.
Trichomoniasis is which type of infection?
protozoan
Jake is being treated for depression by a medical doctor who provides talk therapy and has also prescribed medication for his condition. Which type of mental health professional is Jake seeing?
psychiatrist
Which type of drug is defined as having the potential to alter a person's mood or behavior?
psychoactive drug
The mental health professional whose treatment is most likely to be based on Freud's theories is a
psychoanalyst
The science that views negative health events as resulting from individuals' interactions with their physical or social environment is
public health
James lost his job and was unable to pay his rent. His frustration built to the point that he initiated a physical fight with a friend. James is displaying
reactive aggression
Key factors in mounting an immune response include all of the following EXCEPT
red blood cells
The recommended diet for individuals at risk of developing diabetes includes all of the following foods EXCEPT
red meat
A person with strong core muscles has a more stable center of gravity and
reduced chance of injury.
Jim was successful at meeting his exercise goal and rewarded himself by taking a three-day vacation at a golf resort. This is an example of a
reinforcing behavior.
For an aerobic exercise such as a Latin dance class, which measurement would you use to confirm that you are working at 64 percent to 96 percent of your maximal heart rate for improved cardiorespiratory fitness?
target heart rate
The contemporary definition of wellness is
the achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions.
When a pregnant woman's water breaks, what is actually happening is that
the amniotic sac breaks
When a pregnant woman's water breaks, what is actually happening is that
the amniotic sac breaks.
The transition stage of birth is characterized by
the baby's head moving into the birth canal.
David woke up in the middle of the night because he smelled smoke. This most likely caused him to experience
the flight-or-fight response.
All of the following must happen for a disease to occur EXCEPT
the host must never have had the disease before
All of the following must happen for a disease to occur EXCEPT
the host must never have had the disease before.
Anxiety disorders are
the most common mental health problem in the United States.
When choosing a health care provider, you should examine all of the following EXCEPT
their membership in local organizations such as country clubs or service clubs.
People with an internal locus of control believe that events turn out as they do based on
their own actions.
All of the following are true about suppositories EXCEPT that
they enable a drug to be released into the bloodstream.
Which of the following groups of Americans is most likely to unintentionally fall asleep during the day
those between the ages of 18 and 25
Noor just found out that she is pregnant. Noor will need
to consume about 300 additional calories a day
You should consult a physician
to treat swelling and dizziness in reaction to an insect bite.
Risk for developing lung cancer varies among smokers due to all of the following EXCEPT
tolerance to nicotine.
When liquid oils are hydrogenated,
trans fatty acids are produced.
Candi was mortified when her doctor told her that she had a protozoal STI. She probably had
trichomoniasis
Emotions or situations that cause a person to make unhealthy eating choices are
triggers
A sleep-deprived driver is as impaired as an intoxicated driver.
true
Advertising for cigarettes targets specific groups in society.
true
All U.S. patients have the legal right to access their medical records.
true
Arrhythmias can be triggered by lifestyle factors.
true
As body mass index decreases below 18.5, an adult's overall health risk increases
true
Being able to perform activities of daily living is an aspect of physical health.
true
Changes in biochemistry due to drug abuse can trigger mental disturbances.
true
Consumption of alcohol is the number-one cause of preventable death among U.S. college students.
true
Cutting or self-mutilation can be a sign of borderline personality disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, or an anxiety disorder.
true
Exercise addicts turn to exercise in an attempt to meet needs for nurturance, self-esteem, etc.
true
Experts predict that more than 1 in 3 Americans will have diabetes by the year 2050.
true
HIV can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
true
Having to get up frequently during the night to urinate is known as nocturia.
true
If a friend passes out and cannot be roused after drinking heavily for hours, you should call 9-1-1.
true
Jane stayed up all night taking care of her sick child. She will need to sleep more than average the next few nights to make up for the hours of lost sleep.
true
Many studies suggest that regular exercise improves cognitive function.
true
Marijuana use may forestall the loss of lean muscle mass associated with AIDS.
true
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of some forms of cancer.
true
Over 1 million people in the United States are members of gangs.
true
Proper use of a condom during sexual activity does not guarantee protection against STIs.
true
Psychologically healthy people take time to enjoy and appreciate their surroundings.
true
Research suggests that regular exercise can override genetic influences on BMI.
true
Some intrauterine contraceptives release small amounts of hormones.
true
The data on the Facts Up Front panel on a food package is derived from the product's Nutrition Facts label.
true
The most common cause of male infertility is low sperm count
true
current research suggests that being happy or unhappy has no direct effect on morality.
true
health-related quality of life describes the impact of an individual's health on his or her daily functioning
true
our personalities can be altered through behavioral change
true
the three phases of the general adaptation syndrome are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.
true
Which of the following is a female sterilization procedure that involves tying off or cauterizing certain structures of the reproductive system?
tubal ligation
Which form of diabetes develops slowly and occurs when the body either loses its ability to produce enough insulin or cannot respond to the insulin that is available?
type 2 diabetes
Which of the following procedures performed during pregnancy can determine the size and position of the fetus and detect birth defects in the nervous and digestive systems?
ultrasound
All of the following are techniques used in the Chinese art of feng shui EXCEPT
using sheer curtains that let in as much light as possible.
Jeff knows the midterm chemistry exam is going to be tough. He is trying to prepare for it by taking a practice test every night before he goes out with his buddies. Jeff is
using the technique of stress inoculation
which of the following contributed to increased life expectancy in the early twentieth century?
vaccinations and antibiotics
A surgical sterilization procedure that involves cutting the vas deferens is a(n)
vasectomy
Vessels that carry blood to the heart are the
veins
The small veins are the
venules
Cassie is morbidly obese, and is now following a medically supervised diet on which she consumes 500 calories a day in the form of a powdered supplement. What kind of diet is Cassie following?
very-low-calorie diet
The term terrorism is correctly applied to situations in which
violence is used to achieve political aims.
The common cold is which type of infection?
viral
insomnia is often characterized by
waking up frequently during the night
Which of the following is an essential prerequisite for changing a behavior?
wanting to change
Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include all of the following EXCEPT
weakness in the limbs.
It is wise to deal with being outdoors in cold temperatures by
wearing layered clothing and keeping hydrated.
The positive aspects of a person's life, such as being satisfied with life in general and having positive emotions, determines one's sense of
well-being.
the achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions is
wellness
A grain that contains the bran, germ, and endosperm is a
whole grain.
The relatively ineffective method of birth control known as coitus interruptus is also called the
withdrawal method.
All of the following are likely to influence your response to stressors EXCEPT
your friend's level of stress.
Which of the following waist measurements indicates an increased health risk?
38 inches in a female
On a business trip, an executive engages in unprotected sex with a prostitute. A week later, he worries that he might have been infected with HIV and visits his healthcare provider for testing. His provider recommends a new combo fourth-generation test that detects antibodies and antigens to HIV more quickly than the standard antibody test. How soon can the executive be tested?
42 days after he engaged in unprotected sex
Of the 85 fatal fires that occurred from 2000 to 2015 on college campuses,
58 percent involved missing or disconnected smoke alarms.
Francisco just found out his HIV test is positive. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
???
Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between getting a chill and contracting a cold?
A chill may indirectly increase a person's risk for getting a cold by lowering the immune system's resistance.
Which of the following statements about dietary supplements is true?
A majority of Americans takes at least one dietary supplement.
Which of the following is TRUE with respect to tumors?
A malignant tumor can invade surrounding tissue, produce mutant cells, and metastasize.
What is the difference between a portion and a serving?
A serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat.
Genevieve was born via gestational surrogacy. Which of the following is true?
A woman was hired to carry the embryo of Genevieve's mother and father to term.
Stimulants such as Ritalin or Adderall are commonly prescribed to treat
ADHD
Which of the following statements about campus violence is true?
Almost 2 percent of college males report having been in a physically abusive relationship.
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning emotional health?
An emotionally healthy person keeps feelings inside to avoid burdening others.
What do preferred provider organizations (PPOs) and point of service (POS) plans have in common?
Both allow patients to seek outside care but require patients to pay an extra cost.
Which of the following is a good tip for simple, healthy eating while going to college?
Bring along snacks such as dried fruit, nuts, or a banana.
Edna lives in a nursing home. She has been taking antibiotics for both pneumonia and recurring urinary tract infections. This morning she awoke with a fever, watery diarrhea, and nausea. Which of the following infectious diseases is Edna MOST likely to have?
Clostridium difficile
When Dirk gets home from a long day of classes, he typically microwaves a frozen meal, eats it in front of the television, and, when he finishes his meal, can't remember having tasted it. Which of the following is most likely true?
Dirk is engaging in mindless eating
There have been recent reports of date rape drugs being used at campus parties. What should female students do to protect themselves from being the victim of drug-facilitated crimes?
Don't accept open or unsealed drinks and don't leave drinks unattended.
A birth defect caused by the mother's alcohol intake during pregnancy is
FAS.
A woman whose fat deposits are primarily in her abdominal area is at less risk for heart disease than her friend who carries more fat on her hips and thighs.
False
According to a recent survey, health concerns are the number-one stressor reported by Americans.
False
Actions you take to wash your sheets, clear clutter from your bedroom, and otherwise clean your sleeping area collectively known as sleep hygeiene.
False
An optometrist holds a medical degree and can perform eye surgery.
False
Cigars are less of a health risk than cigarettes.
False
Fats should make up less than 10 percent of daily calories consumed.
False
If a woman has a urinary tract infection and takes a pregnancy test, a false positive may result.
False
Most research into birth control methods is focused on men.
False
One advantage of the female condom is that it can be used multiple times.
False
One in four new mothers experience postpartum depression.
False
One of MyPlate's key messages is to consume seafood once a week.
False
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) occurs in both males and females as a result of certain STIs.
False
People who exercise regularly experience physical benefits but not psychological benefits.
False
Psychoneuroimmunology studies the effects of disease on emotional health.
False
The development of self-esteem is an important part of intellectual health.
False
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination protects against all types of HPV.
False
The placebo effect is the disappearance of symptoms without any apparent reason or treatment.
False
Which of the following is TRUE about preeclampsia?
Fluid retention and sudden weight gain are common signs.
The virus responsible for causing genital warts is
HPV
Which of the following is TRUE about intimate partner violence?
Homicide by a current or former intimate partner is the leading cause of death among pregnant women in the United States
Which of the following is TRUE about intimate partner violence?
Homicide by a current or former intimate partner is the leading cause of death among pregnant women in the United States.
Which of the following is TRUE about routes of drug administration?
Intravenous injection is the most dangerous method of administration.
Originally health insurance covered only hospital expenses. This coverage was then expanded to physician services and medications and other treatments. What effect did this type of coverage have on the medical system?
It encouraged doctors to provide more medical procedures for patients.
Which statement about heat exhaustion is TRUE?
It is a mild form of shock.
Which of the following BEST describes appetite?
It is more psychological than physiological.
Which of the following is TRUE with respect to prediabetes?
It is one of the conditions linked to metabolic syndrome.
Which of the following is NOT true about the FemCap cervical cap?
It must be kept in place at least 12 hours after intercourse.
Which of the following is TRUE about positive psychology?
Its interventions have proven effective in reducing disability and increasing longevity.
Before leaving for a party, Kristina took two "100% percent pure caffeine" pills containing 200 mg caffeine each. Which of the following is likely to happen at the party?
Kristina is likely to drink much more heavily than she would have if she had not taken the caffeine pills.
Which of the following would NOT be good advice for someone who is purchasing running shoes?
Make sure there is no extra room in the toe box.
The federally funded health insurance program that covers 99 percent of the U.S. population age 65 and older is
Medicare
The federally funded health insurance program that covers 99 percent of the U.S. population age 65 and older is
Medicare.
Which of the following is TRUE of drinking and driving?
Over the last 20 years, the percentage of intoxicated drivers involved in fatal crashes has decreased.
Which form of exercise helps develop core strength by combining stretching with movement against resistance, often involving the use of devices such as tension springs or heavy rubber bands?
Pilates
Which of the following is an example of a SMART goal?
Reduce my weekend alcohol consumption from 4 or more drinks per night to no more than 3 drinks per night.
Which U.S. Supreme Court decision in 1973 gave women the legal right to an abortion?
Roe v. Wade
Which of the following is TRUE about marital rape?
Several states may treat marital rape as a lesser crime
Which of the following is FALSE about weight management?
Short-term diets are as effective as long-term behavior modification
Which of the following is FALSE about weight management?
Short-term diets are as effective as long-term behavior modification.
Which of the following statements about college students and tobacco use is true?
Smoking has decreased among college students during the past decade.
Which of the following is TRUE about stress?
Stress is a mental and physical response to real or perceived changes and challenges.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about tai chi?
Tai chi is an ancient Chinese form of exercise that promotes balance, coordination, and meditation.
Vincent contracted genital herpes many years ago, and has been taking famciclovir since beginning a new sexual relationship. Which of the following is true?
Taking famciclovir reduces the risk that Vincent will transmit the herpes virus to his partner.
Which of the following is TRUE about the third trimester of pregnancy?
The fetus needs large amounts of calcium, iron, and protein from the mother's diet.
Which of the following statements about caffeine is true?
The sleep-impairing effects of caffeine can last 7.7 hours or more
research examining the relationship between substance abuse and violence indicates that
alcohol consumption is a major factor in domestic violence at all levels
When personal and health problems related to alcohol use have become severe and a person suffers withdrawal symptoms if they don't drink, they have reached the point of alcoholism or
alcohol dependence.
Long-term alcohol abusers can develop a chronic and dangerous inflammation of the liver known as
alcoholic hepatitis.
All of the following statements about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are true EXCEPT
although it can be acquired in health-care facilities, they are not a common source.
The fluid-filled, protective pouch surrounding the fetus is the
amniotic sac
To reduce their risk for prostate cancer, men over 40 are encouraged to have
an annual digital rectal examination.
which of the following statements is false concerning emotional health
an emotionally healthy person keeps feelings inside to avoid burdening others
The interaction of two or more drugs at the same receptor site in which one blocks the action of the other is
antagonism.
When the body is invaded by antigens, the immune system forms substances called
antibodies
Every time you eat something that contains yellow dye, you wheeze and get a rash. The dye must be an
antigen
Which of the following body shapes represents a higher risk for heart disease?
apple
All of the following are part of the RICE formula for treating sports- and fitness-related injuries EXCEPT
apply heat at the injury site
All of the following are part of the RICE formula for treating sports- and fitness-related injuries EXCEPT
apply heat at the injury site.
Smokeless tobacco users
are significantly more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers.
The small arterial branches are the
arterioles
Research suggests that individuals with prediabetes may avoid progressing to diabetes if they lose what percentage of current body weight?
as little as 5 to 7 percent
Which immune system malfunction occurs when the body develops antibodies that attack its own tissues?
autoimmunity
Self-care involves all of the following EXCEPT
avoiding medication and taking a "tough it out" approach to illness.
The body's core muscles are the muscles of the
back, abdomen, and hips.
Rudy lives behind a train depot. The train runs from 5AM until midnight, and causes significant noise and pollution. Rudy gets quite a few upper respiratory infections, which are likely due to
background distressors
Which type of weight loss surgery involves a procedure that injects microscopic beads that block ghrelin production?
bariatric arterial embolization
Colby has been prescribed a drug called Ativan for anxiety and insomnia. Colby is taking a
benzodiazepine.
The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the
blood alcohol concentration.
All of the following are ways to measure the intensity of cardiovascular exercise EXCEPT
blood gas analysis.
The most popular form of LSD is
blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed.
Recently, Kevin has been spending a lot of time playing online poker. Last weekend, he decided on a whim to fly to Las Vegas to try his hand at "the real thing." He lost over $5,000. This behavior indicates that Kevin may have
borderline personality disorder.
The CDC recommends HPV vaccination for
both boys and girls beginning at age 11.
A tendency toward anger may be
both physiological and related to family background.
One of the advantages of a single-payer health care system is that it
can achieve lower cost through economies of scale.
Amniocentesis
can identify genetic abnormalities present in the fetus.
Physician assistants
can provide treatment and write prescriptions when supervised by a physician.
Thin-walled vessels that are involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide are
capillaries.
Homocysteine is an amino acid that when found at high levels in the blood may indicate an increased risk of
cardiovascular disease
Stimulants act by increasing the activity of the
central nervous system.
The water that is pulled out of the body when someone drinks heavily is taken from
cerebrospinal fluid.
The primary difference between a board certified and board eligible physician is that a board
certified physician has demonstrated competency in a given specialty.
Self-care can include
checking your blood pressure.
A good way to control portion sizes when you eat out is to
chew slowly, talk to friends, and put down your fork between bites.
Which of the following foods is an example of a complete protein?
chicken breast
An act that causes harm or potential harm to a child is
child abuse
An ongoing state of physiological arousal in response to stressors is known as
chronic stress.
a treatment for depression that involves correcting consistently pessimistic or faulty thought patterns is
cognitive therapy
When bacteria establish themselves in or on a host without causing an infection, this is known as
colonization.
The fertilization of an ovum by a sperm is
conception
Managed care is based on
coordination of health care
A set fee that an insurance plan requires that patients pay at the time of service (per office visit or prescription) is the
copayment.
Over-the-counter drugs commonly abused by teens and young adults include
cough and cold medicines and diet and sleep aids.
The Russian hacking of polling software during the 2016 U.S. elections is an example of
cybercrime.
During pregnancy, a woman could increase her folic acid intake by eating
dark leafy greens, citrus fruits, and beans.
STI pathogens prefer
darkness and moisture
Paul studies mortality rates in infants of various ethnicities. He studies their
death rates
Paul studies mortality rates in infants of various ethnicities. He studies their
death rates.
Most private health insurance plans require the patient to a pay a certain amount each year toward health care expenses before the plan benefits begin; this amount is the
deductible
Most private health insurance plans require the patient to a pay a certain amount each year toward health care expenses before the plan benefits begin; this amount is the
deductible.
The process by which addicts get an addictive substance out of their system as part of ending their dependence on it is
detoxification
The process of freeing the body from an addictive substance is known as
detoxification
Over-the-counter drugs are commonly used for all of the following EXCEPT
diabetes.
Which blood pressure measurement is the lower number that represents the amount of pressure on arterial walls when the heart relaxes?
diastolic
Over-the-counter weight loss aids and supplements typically contain
diuretics.
One problem with the BMI measurement is that it
does not account for varying levels of muscle mass.
Cynthia tends to sweat profusely during her 75-minute "power aerobics" class. Cynthia should
drink a sports beverage periodically throughout the class.
Using a drug for a purpose other than that for which it is intended is
drug misuse.
The leading cause of accidental death in the United States is
drug overdose.
One of the keys to eating well in college is to
eat a complete breakfast.
In working to improve your eating habits, one important step to take is to
eat more slowly and stop when you begin to feel full.
The implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube, is called
ectopic pregnancy
Which of the following is a major contributor to college students' lack of sleep?
electronic device
Together, self-awareness, self-management, internal motivation, empathy, and social skills are MOST closely associated with
emotional intelligence.
Psychological dependence, which involves feelings of well-being or euphoria, is completely separate from physiological dependence on a substance.
false
REM sleep restores the body.
false
Regular physical activity decreases both HDL and LDL levels in the blood.
false
Sexual harassment is carried out only by people who are in positions of power.
false
Some research suggests that chronic stress can suppress the amygdala, causing the individual to become passive and apathetic.
false
The average cost of gastric weight-loss surgery is $1,500.
false
The correct term for uterus in a pregnant woman is the placenta
false
The increase in type 2 diabetes in the United States is thought to be primarily due to genetic factors.
false
The majority of heart arrhythmias result in death.
false
The only reliable treatment for insomnia is prescription sleeping pills
false
The prevalence of obesity is consistent across all subpopulations in the United States.
false
The primary reason for the decline in C. difficile infections is more widespread use of antibiotics.
false
The primary reason that diabetes increases the risk for blindness is that high blood glucose blocks tiny ducts that cleanse and lubricate the eye.
false
The shortest stage of sleep is stage 2.
false
atheists cannot effectively practice mindfulness
false
heathy life expectancy is another term for life span
false
some research suggests that chronic stress can suppress the amygdala, causing the individual to become passive and apathetic
false
the absence of disease or illness is the optimal description of health
false
the development of self esteem is an important part of intellectual health
false
Disability-adjusted life years is a measure of the difference between age at premature death and average life expectancy.
fasle
John has not been feeling well. He is constantly tired and feels bloated. His blood pressure is low and at times his vision is blurred. Which two symptoms does John have that are characteristic of diabetes
fatigue and blurred vision
Many men are reluctant to have a vasectomy because of the
fear of decreased sexual performance.
Psychologically healthy people
feel comfortable interacting with others.
Which of the following is NOT a common sign of major depression?
feeling highly energetic
Michael and Jill live together and are planning to marry once they graduate from college. They also would both like to have children-but not right away. Michael has a history of genital herpes and is concerned about not transmitting this infection to Jill. Of the following methods of contraception, which might be the BEST choice for them?
female condoms
Sexually transmitted infections disproportionately affect
females and young people age 15 to 24.
Which form of birth control involves alteration of sexual behavior during certain times of the month?
fertility awareness
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause significant brain damage and other impairments in the fetus; this condition is known as
fetal alcohol syndrome.
All of the following occur as part of congestive heart failure EXCEPT
fluids cannot reach the legs, ankles, or feet.
The chief function of this mineral in the body is to make teeth resistant to decay and bones resistant to mineral loss.
fluoride
To reduce the risk of her child having spina bifida, a pregnant woman should consume an adequate amount of which nutrient?
folic acid
What are the components of the FITT principle that apply to all types of exercise?
frequency, intensity, time, and type
Foods believed to have additional health benefits beyond the basic nutrition they provide are known as
functional foods.
Candidiasis is which type of infection?
fungal
The condition of elevated blood glucose levels during pregnancy is called
gestational diabetes.
Except for physical education classes in elementary and high school, Jayleen has been sedentary all her life. Motivated by her mother's recent diagnosis of high blood pressure, Jayleen, now a junior in college, wants to improve her physical fitness. Her first step should be to
get her primary healthcare provider's clearance for exercise.
To replenish vital energy stores, which of the following would be particularly helpful?
getting more sleep and down time
Carbohydrates that have been ingested are broken down into the form of sugar known as
glucose.
The form of a sugar that is stored in the liver and muscles and broken down when the body requires a burst of energy is
glycogen
Nerve damage associated with diabetes can cause numbness and tingling in the
hands and feet
Ray went on a missionary trip to a developing country. While there, he enjoyed a wide range of locally prepared foods. He had to return home when he contracted hepatitis. Ray most likely has
hapatitis A
Scott spends most of his weekends either drinking or recovering from drinking, and as a result is unable to keep up with his studying and assignments. Scott
has an alcohol use disorder.
A high waist circumference-to-hip ratio would indicate that you
have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and environmental dimensions is the definition of
health
Differences in cancer mortality among specific populations are an example of
health disparities
Education and policies aimed at reducing distracted driving within a given population exemplify
health promotion
The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and environmental dimensions is the definition of
health.
The common name for a myocardial infarction is
heart attack
Regular aerobic exercise improves the
heart, lungs, and blood vessels.
Glenna is trying to determine her healthy weight. She should assess
her percentage of body fat and how her weight is distributed.
Suicidal ideation is significantly associated with
high stress and low self-esteem.
Brian is considered a Type A personality by his friends because of his history of "road rage" and extreme competitiveness. All the following put him at increased risk for cardiovascular disease EXCEPT
his upbeat, glass-half-full approach to life.
The physiological state in which all body systems are in balance and functioning normally is
homeostasis
Of the following types of health care expenditures, the United States spends the most on
hospital care
Of the following types of health care expenditures, the United States spends the most on
hospital care.
The typical-use failure rate for a contraception method takes into account which of the following?
human error
A state of elevated blood glucose is
hyperglycemia
Consistently elevated blood pressure is the condition known as
hypertension
The surgical procedure that involves removal of the uterus is a(n)
hysterectomy
The absence of clinical indicators of cardiovascular disease and the presence of certain behavioral and health factor metrics is known as
ideal cardiovascular health.
to manage stress, the first step is to
identify and assess the stressors in your life
Which of the following factors contributes to a diabetes-related amputation?
impaired immune response
Studies associate mindfulness with
improvements in memory.
Health Promotion
includes policies, programs, and financial support for initiatives that promote health.
Fertility drugs
increase the chances of multiple births.
Over the last twenty years, the Americans' calorie intake has increased. This is due in part to
increased availability of extremely large serving sizes of foods.
Problems associated with severe caloric restriction include all of the following EXCEPT
increased tolerance for cold.
A group of physicians in private practice who negotiate fees for medical care only for patients who are members of their organization is called a(n)
independent practice association.
All of the following points about E. coli 0157:H7 are true EXCEPT that
infection can be serious but is not known to cause deaths.
Delay in seeking medical care for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) increases the risk of permanent damage and scarring that can lead to
infertility and other complications.
Which of the following is NOT a bacterial infection or caused by a bacterial infection?
influenza
Chemical vapors in household products such as varnish, glues, and gasoline are examples of
inhalants.
The over-the-counter version of the drug orlistat, marketed as Alli, has a number of unpleasant side effects but works to promote weight loss by
inhibiting the digestion of fat.
Katherine is an energetic, confident student who is not afraid to stand up in front of the class and read her essay aloud. She trusts that even if others don't agree with her point of view, they will still value her as a person and a friend. These traits best demonstrate Katherine's positive
intellectual or emotional health?
Which of the following is true about major depression in college students?
international students are more vulnerable
After Willie was bitten by a rabid dog, his physician administered postexposure rabies treatment. The mode of disease transmission in this case is best described as
interspecies zoonotic transmission
To help him fight his addiction to alcohol, Andy's physician has prescribed a drug that will make him feel intensely uncomfortable if he drinks alcohol. This type of response is called
intolerance.
The most common nutrient deficiency in the world is
iron
Beth works part-time as a waitress and receives no health insurance benefits from her employer. She purchased insurance under the Affordable Care Act, but the policy has a $5,000 annual deductible. Beth
is likely to delay care that she needs.
Rape that involves a stranger is classified as
aggravated rape
Downshifting refers to the process of
taking steps to simplify one's life.
cortisol is secreted by the
adrenal glands
Students who begin to doze off during a lecture are usually in which stage of sleep?
1
One standard drink equals
12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor.
Approximately what percentage of Americans age 25 to 34 have no health insurance?
16
How many Americans suffer from health disorders caused by tobacco?
16 million
Approximately what percentage of Americans age 25 to 34 have no health insurance?
16 percent
How much sleep do newborns need daily?
16-18 hours
By the year 2025, approximately what percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) will the United States be spending on health care?
20 percent
Kevin wants to lose 5 pounds of fat. He finds it difficult to cut back on his eating, so he decides that he will walk an hour each day to burn more calories. How many extra calories must he expend to lose a pound of fat?
3,500
In a 2016 survey, what percentage of college students said they had no health insurance?
3.4 percent
According to cancer experts, up to what percentage of some cancers could be prevented by engaging in regular physical activity and eating a healthy diet?
30 percent
About what percentage of the American population over the age of 20 has symptoms of prediabetes?
37 percent
Cortisol is secreted by the
adrenal glands.
Which of the following is TRUE in regard to the use of glucose by body cells?
The uptake of glucose by body cells is signaled by a hormone secreted by the pancreas.
Which of the following occurs as a result of gestational diabetes?
There is a higher risk of birth-related complications
Which of the following occurs as a result of gestational diabetes?
There is a higher risk of birth-related complications.
What is a common reason that victims of elder abuse do not report it?
They are afraid that the abuser will retaliate by putting them in a nursing home or increasing the abuse
Which of the following is TRUE about panic attacks?
They can lead to social isolation.
Psychoactive drugs have which type of effect on the body?
They enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters.
Jane is sedentary and obese. What effect, if any, do these factors have on her health?
They impede her progress toward high-level wellness.
A stroke is also known as a cerebrovascular accident.
True
A synergistic drug interaction can be dangerous or even deadly.
True
Alcohol intoxication increases the risk of having unprotected sex
True
Current research suggests that being happy or unhappy has no direct effect on mortality.
True
Emergency contraceptive pills have been used by almost 10% of sexually active college students or their partners.
True
Having a father or brother with prostate cancer more than doubles a man's risk of getting the disease.
True
In theory, allopathic medicine is based on scientifically validated methods and procedures. Correct!
True
Medical abortion performed early in the pregnancy is over 99% effective.
True
Requesting an x-ray when it is unnecessary but the patient demands it would be considered defensive medicine.
True
Rigorous research has shown that drug studies funded by the pharmaceutical industry are more likely to find the drug beneficial than studies funded by outside sources.
True
Sexual jokes, suggestive comments, and sexual innuendo are forms of sexual harassment.
True
Socioeconomic status can have a significant effect on risk for obesity
True
Somnolence is a synonym for sleep deprivation.
True
The Lamaze method is the most popular method of childbirth preparation in the United States.
True
The exercise metabolic rate would be lower for walking versus jogging.
True
The right to medical care is recognized by the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
True
Two high-risk behaviors associated with the development of HIV/AIDS are having unprotected sex and sharing needles.
True
Women are more likely than men to "tend and befriend" in response to stress.
True
You cannot contract HIV through casual contact.
True
sleep deficiencies have been linked to seven of the fifteen leading causes of death in the US
True
You cannot believe that you seem to have come down with the flu while vacationing at a peaceful resort on a lake. The only downside to the beautiful location is having to constantly apply mosquito repellant to fend off the annoying bugs. The illness you most likely have is
West Nile virus
You cannot believe that you seem to have come down with the flu while vacationing at a peaceful resort on a lake. The only downside to the beautiful location is having to constantly apply mosquito repellant to fend off the annoying bugs. The illness you most likely have is
West Nile virus.
Chronic secretion of cortisol increases the risk for diabetes by
affecting blood glucose levels.
Which of the following is true about the cycle of intimate partner violence?
Women who have experienced the cycle more than once tend to develop battered woman syndrome
Which form of hormonal birth control works transdermally?
XUlane
Which of the following symptoms probably does NOT warrant professional medical advice?
You develop a low-grade fever and sore throat.
Which of the following is a smoking cessation medication?
Zyban
Avery and Gregory have agreed to adopt the newborn of a 16-year-old mother who has decided to relinquish her baby. The identity of the father is unknown, and Avery and Gregory have been given very little information about the birth mother except for essential health data. This is an example of
a confidential adoption.
Aaron is trying to lose weight but he still wants a beverage while he is studying. A good choice might be
a cup of low-sodium broth.
Shortly before his 65th birthday, Stan's physician started him on medications to reduce his blood pressure and improve his blood lipid profile. When he enrolls in Medicare, what type of additional health insurance plan should Stan strongly consider purchasing?
a medigap plan
When Cheri was grocery shopping, she noticed a shelf label with three stars beneath a can of low-sodium vegetable and bean soup. This shelf label is an example of
a nutrition rating system.
The bubonic plague is an example of
a pandemic
A key reason for the resurgence of measles and mumps infections is
a public backlash against vaccinations.
Jade is pregnant. During a regular medical check-up, her physician discusses alcohol consumption. The physician will likely advise that she
abstain from alcohol during pregnancy
Fertility awareness methods of birth control include all of the following EXCEPT
abstinence
Which of the following is typically due to a staphylococcal infection?
acne
When an individual's body increases its metabolic rate to compensate for an increased food intake, this is the process known as
adaptive thermogenesis.
The updated Nutrition Facts panel adds information about amount of which of the following in a serving of food?
added sugars
Lisa is aware that her best friend, Kim, has a drinking problem. Lisa continually makes excuses for her and often completes Kim's homework to protect her from flunking out of school. Lisa's behavior is an example of
enabling.
A cause of infertility in which uterine tissue is implanted outside the uterus and blocks the fallopian tubes is
endometriosis.
Influenza outbreaks that affect 5-20% of the United States population each year are an example of a(n)
epidemic.
Anabolic steroids are a type of
ergogenic drug
The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was designed to do all of the following EXCEPT
establish a national single-payer health care system.
Medical decision making based on clinical expertise, patient values, and data from scientific research is known as
evidence-based medicine.
Keith is having a complete fitness evaluation done at a health center. One of the measurements being taken is how much energy he expends while jogging on a treadmill, which is his
exercise metabolic rate.
Judy is confident in her ability to meet her weight-loss goal. When she notices herself overeating, she makes a plan and takes action to get her diet back on track. Judy
exhibits self-efficacy.
The personality trait that involves the ability to adapt to a social situation and demonstrate assertiveness is known as
extroversion.
A 160-pound male with a high percentage of body fat burns the same number of calories walking the same distance as a 160-pound male with a high percentage of muscle mass.
false
A family history of heart disease has a much greater influence on heart-disease risk than factors such as an unhealthful diet, smoking, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and a high stress level.
false
A majority of Americans who are diagnosed with cancer are dead within five years.
false
All people with type 2 diabetes can control it with lifestyle changes and will never need to take insulin.
false
All physicians are required by law to accept Medicare patients
false
Child sexual abused occurs in as many as 2 out of every 100 children
false
Depressants speed up neuromuscular activity and can increase focus and alertness
false
Diabetes kills more Americans each year than heart disease and cancer combined.
false
Herpes can be cured in its early stages with proper antibiotic treatment.
false
In a stress test, a patient receives an injection of a stimulant, and an ECG records the heart's response to the drug.
false
Interspecies transmission of infectious disease does not occur.
false
Just six states in the United States have an obesity rate below 20% of the population
false
Mixing alcohol with energy drinks reduces the level of alcohol impairment.
false
Most fast food chains do not offer nutritional analyses of their food.
false
Most people who are withdrawing from alcohol addiction experience delirium tremens.
false
Most types of diaphragms can be purchased over the counter wherever condoms are sold.
false
No valid research exists on the effects of massage therapy on mental health.
false
One of MyPlate's key messages is to consume seafood once a week.
false
Oral sex carries no risk for STIs.
false
People with bipolar disorder display a limited range of emotions.
false
Eleanor comes from a low-income family and struggles to pay for her tuition, room, board, and school supplies. The other students in her major all seem to have no trouble purchasing everything they need, as well as new clothes, meals off campus, concert tickets, and the latest technology. Lately, Eleanor has been struggling with feelings of inferiority, low self-esteem, and doubt that may be due in part to
relative deprivation.
Communication with health care providers can be improved by all of the following EXCEPT
relying on your health care provider for all information on health care issues.
Fertility is a person's ability to
reproduce
The measure of energy expended while a person is engaged in sedentary activities, such as sitting on a sofa or digesting food, is the
resting metabolic rate.
Which of the following is a small form of toxin-producing bacteria carried by ticks that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
rickettsia
Cardiometabolic risks are
risk factors that affect both cardiovascular functions and the body's metabolic processes.
An infection during pregnancy that can cause visual or hearing disorders in the infant is
rubella
Jose's belief that he can successfully pass his biology midterm is an example of
self-efficacy.
The thought, "I don't have enough time!" is an example of
self-talk.
During a sleep study, a person spends the night in a sleep lab, and his or her body functions are monitored by
sensors and electrodes
Which theory holds that our bodies fight to maintain our weight within a particular narrow range?
set point theory
Pearl confides that, at a frat party, she was forced to have sex and did not consent; this is an example of
sexual assault.
the process of taking small individual steps toward a behavior change goal is
shaping
Melanie grew up in extreme poverty, but won a full scholarship to a top liberal arts college. There, her sociology professor, who also comes from a poor family, has been helping Melanie to take a proactive approach to her current stressors and to focus on the future. These strategies are best classified as
shifting and persisting.
When you feel groggy and disoriented after a long nap, you are experiencing
sleep inertia
the change model based on three factors (social environment, thoughts and feelings, and behaviors) in interaction with each other is known as the
social cognitive model
The mineral necessary for the regulation of blood and body fluids is
sodium
A swimmer trying to improve her stroke performance concentrates mainly on upper body weight training; her training program is an example of
specificity.
Substances designed to kill sperm are known as
spermicides.
Liposuction is used to
spot reduce or contour body shape.
Which exercise technique involves working to slowly and gradually lengthen a muscle or group of muscles?
static stretching
Which form of exercise involves techniques that slowly and gradually lengthen a muscle or group of muscles and the associated tendons?
static stretching
Which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to performing well academically?
stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties
which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to performing well academically?
stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties
which of the following statements regarding stress and hair loss is not true
stress-induced hair loss occurs when colonies of hair are pushed into an active phase
Bernard is a strong swimmer, so it's fine for him to
swim parallel to shore in a rip current
Which STI occurs in stages over a period of years?
syphilis