hmwk 02-16

Tinker v. Des Moines

1969: Freedom of speech for students as long as it does not interfere with the learning environment.

Gideon v. Wainwright

A person who cannot afford an attorney may have one appointed by the government

What did the Supreme Court find unconstitutional in the case of Marbury v. Madison?

A statute expanding the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. The Court ruled that Marbury was entitled to his commission, and that Madison had broken the law in failing to deliver it. But the Court said it could not have the power to compel Madison to comply, because the Judiciary Act that seemed to give it that power was itself unconstitutional.

5th & 6th

Ernesto Miranda claimed that the rights found in the __________ Amendments were violated in 1963.

Marbury v. Madison

In the Supreme Court decision the power of judicial review was established . This was the first time such power was wielded by the Court. the first case in which the court exercised the power of judicial review. The case involved Secretary of State James Madison and a disgruntled political appointee, William Marbury, but the court had to be seen as not favoring one side over the other. Their ruling said the law that Marbury was using to file suit against Madison was unconstitutional.

US Supreme Court

In the end, the ___ decided the outcome of the Presidential Election of 2000.

Miranda Rights

Refers to the right to "remain silent" when taken into custody.

Miranda Vs. Arizona

court case that upheld that the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination requires law officials to advise a suspect of his rights to remain silent and to obtain a lawyer.

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

dealt with regulating the content of student newspapers. The Court ruled that school newspapers written by students can be subject to regulation and edited by school officials.

Gideon v. Wainwright

the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution to provide counsel (Attorneys) in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford to pay their own attorneys. The case extended the right to counsel, which had been found under the Fifth and Sixth Amendments to impose requirements on the federal government, by ruling that this right imposed those requirements upon the states as well.

Bush v. Gore

the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that election recounts in Florida were being conducted in a manner that violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution, and therefore had to stop. The recounts were being conducted without a well-defined, uniform standard for evaluating the ballots. The decision to halt the recounts effectively decided the election in favor of Bush.

Plessy v. Ferguson

the case in which the doctrine of "separate but equal" was allowed to continue, mostly in the south. This meant that the races could be segregated as long as the separate facilities were equal in amenities and opportunities, though they seldom (if ever) were.

Judicial Review

The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional

U.S. District Courts

These are the federal courts of original jurisdiction; trials are held and lawsuits are begun in these courts. Example: Are the first to hear cases involving federal laws

Brown v Board of Education

This Supreme Court case, decided in 1954, declared that the segregation doctrine of "separate but equal," was not Constitutional when applied to the public school system.

Louisiana

This case (Plessy v. Ferguson) originated to address segregation and discrimination in the railroads of what state?

Guilty

This refers to the final verdict of a criminal case in which every member of the jury as decided to convict the accused.

Plessy v. Ferguson

This was a U.S. Supreme Court decision that established the legality of racial segregation so long as facilities were "separate but equal."

Marbury v Madison

This was the first decision of the Supreme Court of the United States to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional, thus establishing the doctrine of judicial review.

In re Gault

U.S. Supreme Court case that determined that juvenile court must follow the Fourteenth Amendment

Plessy v. Ferguson

What Supreme Court case was reversed by the Brown decision?

Segregation was legal

What was the impact of the Supreme Court's decision in the Plessy vs. Ferguson case?

14th Amendment

The Brown case was based on the belief that segregation in Topeka's schools violated the "equal protection clause" of the __________.

separate but equal

The Brown decision officially ended the racial and legal doctrine of "__________."

overturn

The Supreme Court decided to ___ Miranda's conviction.

informed of their rights

The Supreme Court ruling in Miranda v. Arizona held that all suspects must be __________ upon arrest.

14 Ammendment

The __________ was a factor in this case, for it deals with "due process" and "equal protection."

Miranda vs. Arizona

The accused must be notified of their rights before being questioned by the police. Accused has a right to an attorney, right to remain silent.

Brown v Board of Education

The decision in Brown v. Board of Education mainly makes an argument for equal opportunities under the law for all. The Supreme Court decided that the segregation of students based on race deprived minority students "of equal educational opportunities." The decision overturned Plessy v. Ferguson, which was used to justify "separate but equal" facilities in the South.