HNLN 311 Final

Combining multiple features and functions in a single digital tool is known as

Technological convergence

Each of the following would be considered examples of teachers using multimedia instructionally except

An English teacher reading poetry aloud to students

Tablet and smartphone apps Poll Everywhere, Show of Hands, and Zwoor enable teachers to

Build surveys and polls for students to answer in class

All of the following words describe students' Internet usage outside of school except A. Free flowing B. Flexible C. Scripted D. Social

C. Scripted

All of the following statements reflect what teachers believe about students' use of technology except A. Technology motivates students to learn while supporting different learning styles. B. Students mainly go to Google first when searching for academic information. C. Technology can distract more than help some students with their learning. D. Students know how to assess Web information for reliability and authenticity.

D. Students know how to assess Web information for reliability and authenticity.

Information communications that happen among students during classes are known by which of the following terms? A. Text messaging B. Peer-to-peer networking C. Backchannel communications D. Synchronous communications

D. Synchronous communications

Which of the following terms describe tests whose scores have significant consequences for test takers such as graduating from high school or receiving a teacher license?

High stakes

According to Carol Ann Tomlinson, student learning differences arise in readiness, interest, learning profile, and what other educational area?

How students see themselves as learners

Which of the following statements characterizes a "high tech" level of differentiation?

Integrating interactive digital technologies in daily instruction

Which of the following describes the impact of multimodal materials on student learning?

Interactive multimodal presentations produced the highest learning gains.

Each of the following are commonly used to assess candidates in teacher license programs except

K-12 student feedback surveys of lessons taught by candidates

The use of still photographs in a moving format in videos is known by which of the following terms?

Ken Burns effect

e-Readers offer students opportunities to practice what digital-age educational skills?

Media multitasking

Which of the following best describes a folksonomy in social bookmarking? A. Keywords created by education experts for use by teachers and students everywhere B. Keywords that teachers and students create for themselves to organize material C. Keywords that are checked for accuracy by editors and scholars D. Keywords generated by for-profit companies to market products and services

NOT A. Keywords created by education experts for use by teachers and students everywhere

Which of these researchers believed children must become "fluent" in their knowledge of technology? A. Seymour Sarason B. John Goodlad C. Marc Prensky D. Seymour Papert

NOT B. John Goodlad

National curriculum standards such as those published by the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) and the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) play what role in the instructional design process? A. Content teachers must learn to pass state-mandated teacher tests B. Requirements for teachers about grade-level topics to teach to students C. Guidance for teachers about grade-level topics to explore with students D. Content students must learn to pass state-mandated student achievement tests

NOT B. Requirements for teachers about grade-level topics to teach to students

A "writing process fit for young writers" uses technology to engage students by

Offering digital tools that support each student's creative self-expressions

An audio recording that is distributed and accessed online is known by which of the following terms?

Podcast

The process of teachers determining what students already know or are able to do before beginning a classroom learning activity is known by which of the following terms?

Preassessment

Mandated tests for assessing the knowledge of beginning teachers are a much-debated educational policy, in part because

There is no nationally agreed-upon definition of what competencies a beginning teacher must be able to demonstrate before entering the profession.

Using tests in combination with other types of performance data to evaluate student learning is known by which of the following terms?

Transformative assessment

The application of universal design principles to educational settings is known by which of the following terms?

Universal design for learning

Which of the following examples best shows a teacher using an assistive technology effectively to support learning for all students in a class?

Utilizing a surround sound system for students who are presenting oral reports

Video sharing sites like YouTube offer what educational advantages to teachers?

Videos can convey academic ideas and concepts to students in memorable ways.

Technology tools that create charts and graphs to support students in understanding ideas and concepts are known by which of the following terms?

Visual assistive technologies

According to Information Presentation Design principles, teachers are advised to create digital slides with which of the following questions in mind?

Who is my audience and what do I want them to leave knowing?

Each of the following are considered examples of performance evaluation for teachers except

Standardized test scores

Which of the following best describes social bookmarking as an information management strategy for teachers and students? A. A public collection that can be viewed and added to by many readers B. A set of materials that can be accessed only after purchasing a site membership C. A group of resources posted by scholars and researchers for use in schools D. A personal collection of resources seen mainly by one person

A. A public collection that can be viewed and added to by many readers

Each of the following statements about cloud computing is true except A. A teacher's materials reside only on their computer desktop. B. A teacher's materials can be used on any Internet-capable device. C. A teacher's materials reside on the Web. D. A teacher's materials can be accessed from anywhere, anytime.

A. A teacher's materials reside only on their computer desktop.

A teacher's comments on a student's assignment using a Google Doc is an example of what type of communication? A. Asynchronous B. Synchronous C. Collaborative D. Interactive

A. Asynchronous

Enduring understandings are defined by which of the following statements? A. Big ideas that students remember long after the lesson has been taught B. Factual information that students will recall on an end-of-the-year test C. Topics organized for students to examine D. Test questions that assess student learning

A. Big ideas that students remember long after the lesson has been taught

One group of technology researchers has characterized teacher users of technology as either bears or bulls. Highly-technology confident teachers (known as "bulls") differ from less technology-confident teachers (known as "bears") in which of the following ways? A. Bulls are more likely to work in affluent districts than in high-poverty schools. B. There is little difference in teaching practices between bulls and bears. C. Bears are more likely to limit students' use of technology in schools. D. Bears are more likely to work in affluent districts than in high-poverty schools.

A. Bulls are more likely to work in affluent districts than in high-poverty schools.

Digital games and simulations develop students' talents as problem solvers and critical thinkers in which of the following ways? A. By solving problems through critical thinking about strategy and results B. By earning digital badges for achieving different game levels C. By accumulating points to achieve higher score than other students D. By establishing an online identity through an avatar

A. By solving problems through critical thinking about strategy and results

Teachers can locate high-quality resources by using all of the following strategies except A. Choosing the highest ranked sites in a Google search B. Reviewing Webby Award winners for information about the best new websites in the fields of technology and education C. Reading the annual compilation of "Best Websites for Teaching and Learning" compiled by the American Association of School Librarians (AASL) D. Joining other teachers online to identify excellent digital content on the Web

A. Choosing the highest ranked sites in a Google search

Social media platforms such as Twitter and Pinterest can be used to promote which of the following types of unique, powerful and transforming learning with technology? A. Collaboration and communication B. Critical thinking and problem-solving C. Digital literacy and engaged citizenship D. Creative and artistic self-expression

A. Collaboration and communication

Which of the following terms most accurately describes teachers and students creating classroom rules together? A. Collaborative rule making B. Active rule making C. Digital rule making D. Teacher-directed rule making

A. Collaborative rule making

Each of the following are examples of creating interactive learning experiences using multimedia technologies except

Presenting an oral report using information from the textbook

Combining different forms of knowledge to meet diverse instructional needs is known as Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). All of the following are elements of TPACK except A. Conceptual knowledge B. Technological knowledge C. Pedagogical knowledge D. Content knowledge

A. Conceptual knowledge

A Federal Communication Commission survey found that half of all schools have a slower Internet connection than the average American home, resulting in which of the following problems? A. Connectivity gap B. Digital gap C. Computer access gap D. Participation gap

A. Connectivity gap

The research for the How People Learn series was based on which of the following approaches to learning? A. Constructivism B. Metacognition C. Behaviorism D. Information recall

A. Constructivism

Which of the following researchers believed that PowerPoint encourages presenters to oversimplify complex material by over-relying on bullet points of written text? A. Edward Tufte B. John Goodlad C. Seymour Sarason D. Michael Apple

A. Edward Tufte

Students who code are engaged in which of the following activities? A. Giving a series of written instructions to a computer B. Giving a series of voice commands to a digital device C. Completing a series of mathematical steps to solve a problem D. Following a series of instructions in an online game

A. Giving a series of written instructions to a computer

Computer Science Education Week honors which computer science pioneer? A. Grace Hopper B. Ada Lovelace C. Gordon Moore D. Charles Babbage

A. Grace Hopper

Teachers make four primary design decisions when creating a blog including, who is the audience for the site, how often content is posted, how wide the access is to the site and what fourth decision? A. How readers will respond to the material that is posted B. How school administrators will monitor the information posted on the site C. How other teachers will express their opinions about the site D. How parents will express their opinions about educational issues

A. How readers will respond to the material that is posted

All of the following statements are part of the Understanding by Design (UbD) approach to lesson development except A. Identifying multiple choice test questions B. Identifying desired learning results C. Determining assessment strategies D. Determining acceptable evidence

A. Identifying multiple choice test questions

Teaching students to be critical evaluators of online information is the basis of which of the following literacies? A. Information literacy B. Technological literacy C. Multicultural literacy D. Mathematical literacy

A. Information literacy

Teaching methods within the instructional design process are also known by which of the following statements? A. Instructional strategies used by teachers during a lesson B. Learning outcomes for students after the lesson is taught C. Scheduling and grouping of students during a lesson D. Assessment of student learning while the lesson is being taught

A. Instructional strategies used by teachers during a lesson

Which of the following statements most accurately describes how technology is integrated into school classrooms? A. It follows from teacher mindsets that are focused on improving educational practices with technology. B, It happens automatically when computers are added to schools and classrooms. C. It is mandated by school administrators. D. It occurs only after digital technologies have replaced all non-computer materials.

A. It follows from teacher mindsets that are focused on improving educational practices with technology.

Researchers have reached which of the following conclusions about Wikipedia as an educational resource for teachers and students? A. It presents the personal points of view of the authors of each page. B. It is not as accurate and reliable as traditional paper-based information sources. C. It is as least as accurate and reliable as traditional paper-based information sources. D. It has wide diversity in its coverage of women, people of color and LGBTQ issues.

A. It presents the personal points of view of the authors of each page.

The call for new learning environments in the ISTE standards includes which of the following recommendations? A. Less teacher talk and more adult-student interaction and discussion B. More individual work by students at their desks C. More teacher talk and more adult-student interaction and discussion D. Less group work and collaborative projects in and out of the classroom

A. Less teacher talk and more adult-student interaction and discussion

Public domain is most accurately defined by which of the following statements? A. Materials that can be freely used by teachers and students for classroom learning activities B. Materials that public school teachers and students post online based on classroom learning activities C. Materials that can be used by teachers and students after receiving permission from a copyright holder D. Materials that can be freely used by teachers and students after paying a fee to an educational vendor

A. Materials that can be freely used by teachers and students for classroom learning activities

Online content that is "false, out of date, or incomplete in a misleading way" is known by which of the following terms? A. Misinformation B. Malinformation C. Mostly useless information D. Messed-up information

A. Misinformation

Which of the following statements is based on Rogers' model of innovation in organizations? A. Most teachers eventually adopt new practices and ideas for change. B. All teachers eagerly innovate using technology. C. Most teachers are early adopters of new approaches to teaching and learning. D. All teachers lag behind the pace of technological change.

A. Most teachers eventually adopt new practices and ideas for change.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes synchronous communication? A. Occurs in real time between two or more persons B. Involves a time delay between responses C. Happens only when one person invites another person to communicate D. Uses symbols and abbreviations to quickly communicate information

A. Occurs in real time between two or more persons

Technology changes teaching and learning in all the following ways except A. Offering students standardized learning experiences B. Motivating disengaged students C. Creating group and cooperative learning situations D. Allowing access to academic information from multiple sources

A. Offering students standardized learning experiences

Social media technologies are most useful for teaching which of the following skills and competences? A. Online communication and networking B. Accessing and assessing online materials C. Student self-assessment of learning performance D. Problem solving and inquiry learning

A. Online communication and netwworking

The term open-source refers to which of the following? A. Online materials made available to stimulate innovations by computer users B. Web-accessing capabilities that allow students to find educational information C. Computer programs and Web-based tools that promote student learning D. Codes responsible for overall functioning and control of a computer

A. Online materials made available to stimulate innovations by computer users

It is recommended that teachers use which of the following features of immersive problem-solving games? A. Opportunities for game players to learn from mistakes and improve their performance B. Enrichment and reward activities when students finish in-class assignments C. Competition to determine winners and losers D. Face-to-face instructional activities

A. Opportunities for game players to learn from mistakes and improve their performance

Each of the following are effective strategies for teaching students about plagiarism and cheating except A. Punishing student infringements with lowered grades B. Teaching appropriate citation procedures and ethics of fair use C. Requiring students to answer questions using their own words D. Reviewing essential questions in research assignments or final papers

A. Punishing student infringements with lowered grades

Which of the following is a recommended role for students participating in online discussions? A. Raising questions and summarizing what others have said B. Deliberately composing controversial comments to ignite discussion C. Being a nonparticipant in the online conversation D. Restating teacher notes from class to demonstrate personal learning

A. Raising questions and summarizing what others have said

Which of the following websites and apps would teachers and students typically use to locate information about earthquakes, tidal waves, and tsunamis currently happening around the world? A. Real-time and recorded data B. Archival and primary source C. Concept and skills review D. Lesson planning and learning assessment

A. Real-time and recorded data

Providing self-correcting feedback to student learners is a primary feature of what type of educational technology? A. Serious online games B. Podcasts and vodcasts C. Computer-based exams D. 3D modeling software

A. Serious online games

A teacher would typically use a microblogging platform like Twitter to engage in which of the following educational activities? A. Sharing links to online resources for students and colleagues B. Expressing personal views on educational or political issues C. Writing in-depth commentaries on curriculum topics D. Posting student grades on tests and projects

A. Sharing links to online resources for students and colleagues

Teachers sharing educational ideas, information, and resources with other educators online is most accurately defined by which of the following terms? A. Social networking B. Social bookmarking C. Backchannel communications D. Email and texting

A. Social networking

Each of the following statements are true about virtual schools except A. Students have regular face-to-face interactions with full-time teachers. B. Students have classes and take exams on computers. C. Students are taught mainly through online and distance learning. D. Students usually do not enter a "brick and mortar" school building.

A. Students have regular face-to-face interactions with full-time teachers.

Which of the following summarizes educator Frank Smith's belief about students' literacy learning? A. Students learn through the individuals and groups they associate with. B. Students learn from the paper books they read. C. Students learn through the online websites they visit. D. Students learn from the teachers in their classes.

A. Students learn through the individuals and groups they associate with.

Online discussions foster all of the following except A. Students learning that knowledge can only come from teachers. B. Students learning to communicate their points of view to others. C. Students learning to engage and disagree in respectful dialogue. D. Students learning essential skills for their future lives and careers.

A. Students learning that knowledge can only come from teachers.

Which of the following statements is true about the design of digital games for learning? A. They are designed for students to learn academic content within the game's activities. B. They are designed mainly for the most skilled game players. C. They are designed without attention to real-world issues of social change and community involvement. D. They are designed primarily for entertainment and recreational use.

A. They are designed for students to learn academic content within the game's activities.

Which of the following best describes how teachers and students "tag" resources on a social bookmarking site? A. They identify materials with personally chosen keywords. B. They use a standardized system of keywords to ensure consistency. C. They rank materials with smiling faces and other emojis. D. They edit materials posted by other individuals.

A. They identify materials with personally chosen keywords.

Service Learning by students differs from Community Service by students in which of these ways? A. Through service learning, teachers connect students' community activities to the academic curriculum. B. There is no difference between Service Learning and Community Service. C. Service learning always involves students earning academic credit for their community activities. D. Community Service always involves students earning academic credit for their community activities.

A. Through service learning, teachers connect students' community activities to the academic curriculum.

In addition to its enormous size, information on the Internet is characterized by three features: It is constantly changing, it is "self-organized," and it is which of the following? A. Tied together electronically B. Always accessible C. Always up-to-date D. Nonbiased

A. Tied together electronically

Adware and spyware are two types of software that A. Transmit information to a computer without the user knowing it B. No longer work on the latest computer models C. Are outdated or need to be replaced by newer, more efficient programs D. Erase records of frequently visited sites

A. Transmit information to a computer without the user knowing it

To encourage student interest in STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics), teachers are advised to implement which of the following instructional practices? A. Utilize digital technologies together with student-driven learning experiences. B. Make video viewing a regular classroom activity. C. Integrate handheld and wireless devices into every learning activity. D. Emphasize the completion of online worksheets so students learn science concepts.

A. Utilize digital technologies together with student-driven learning experiences.

According to advocates of online and blended education, which of the following is a primary advantage of virtual learning? A. Virtual schools provide needed academic resources for homeschooled students. B. Virtual schools require students to earn higher scores on tests than students in regular schools. C. Virtual school students have more social interactions with peers than students in regular schools. D. Virtual schools are more expensive to operate than regular schools.

A. Virtual schools provide needed academic resources for homeschooled students.

Administering an online survey to students about an academic topic is an effective way to accomplish which of the following instructional goals?

Activating prior knowledge and involving students in the learning process

Displaying drawings and illustrations frame by frame to create the appearance of a moving picture is known by which of the following terms?

Animations

The basis for Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in education originated in what field of work?

Architecture

Each of the following are recommended ways for teachers to use a professional digital portfolio except

As an unchanging display of projects, accomplishments and activities

Question-centered instruction most often involves teachers doing which of the following activities?

Asking thought-provoking questions for students to discuss in pairs or small groups

Extra-large keys on a computer keyboard and software that reads text aloud are examples of what type of educational technology?

Assistive technology

What statement best describes a teacher's professional learning network (PLN)? A. A transcript of courses taken to meet teacher license requirements B. A collection of instructional and professional materials stored in an online format C. A list of people and organizations to call when a teacher has an academic question D. An online database of lesson plans and curriculum materials

B. A collection of instructional and professional materials stored in an online format

Each of the following describe a student engaging in problem solving and inquiry-based learning except A. A history student exploring primary source documents to identify the causes of historical events B. A math student copying notes from a SmartBoard to learn algebraic formulas C. An English student researching author information online to analyze literary themes D. A science student re-envisioning famous inventors' designs and products

B. A math student copying notes from a SmartBoard to learn algebraic formulas

All of the following are part of the American Library Association's definition of a digital literate person, except A. Using information in ethically appropriate ways B. Approaching a task as an expert would C. Creating and communicating information in a wide variety of formats D. Collaborating with others in informed and engaged online communities

B. Approaching a task as an expert would

Which of the following statements summarizes sociologists Bertram Bruce and Maureen Hogan's evaluation of the impacts of technology on people and society? A. As technology changes, people tend to resist using new tools. B. As technology becomes more common, people tend to take it for granted. C. As technology becomes more common, people understand it better. D. As a new technology replaces an older technology, people tend to miss the older tool.

B. As technology becomes more common, people tend to take it for granted.

Learning assessments should occur at which of the following points during lesson design, development and delivery? A. Only before the lesson is begun B. At all points before, during and after the lesson C. Only after the lesson is completed D. Only while the lesson is in progress

B. At all points before, during and after the lesson

Which of the following reflects an emerging view among educators about teaching coding to K-12 school students? A. Coding should be an elective for students at every grade, but not a required experience. B. Coding should be taught to all students throughout elementary, middle and high school. C. Coding should not be taught to elementary school students because they are too young to grasp the concepts. D. Coding should be taught solely to students interested in math and science careers.

B. Coding should be taught to all students throughout elementary, middle and high school.

Which of the following is a term for using the Internet to raise funds for educational and classroom projects? A. Online donations B. Crowdfunding C. Collective fundraising D. Digital appeals

B. Crowdfunding

Online materials that teachers and students use for academic learning is known by which of the following terms? A. Educational websites B. Digital content C. Web-based resources D. Virtual lesson plans

B. Digital content

As an approach to technology integration in K-12 schools, infusion is characterized by which of the following? A. Digital technologies are utilized primarily in technology education classes. B. Digital technologies are utilized primarily in all subjects across the grade levels. C. Digital technologies are utilized primarily in classes for high-achieving, college-bound students. D. Digital technologies are utilized primarily in secondary rather than elementary schools.

B. Digital technologies are utilized primarily in all subjects across the grade levels.

What researcher has made designing effective ways for people to learn visually the focus of his work about technology? A. Seymour Papert B. Edward Tufte C. Charles Babbage D. John Dewey

B. Edward Tufte

One-on-one computing is most accurately defined as A. Every family has a one laptop, notebook, tablet or mobile device for students to use at home. B. Every student has a laptop, notebook, tablet or mobile device to use in school. C. Every teacher has a laptop, notebook, tablet or mobile device to use in school. D. Every classroom has at least one laptop, notebook, tablet or mobile device for students to use.

B. Every student has a laptop, notebook, tablet or mobile device to use in school.

Which of the following is an example of teachers and students using a wiki for team-based learning? A. Individual students post material to receive a grade from the teacher. B. Groups of students use information on a wiki as well as their own ideas to develop presentations for classmates. C. Individual students watch a presentation posted by the teacher and then write a paper about what they have learned. D. Groups of students read what a teacher has posted on a wiki before taking a test.

B. Groups of students use information on a wiki as well as their own ideas to develop presentations for classmates.

One national survey found widely varying knowledge among Americans of all ages about technology. In the survey, most teenage Internet users knew which of the following? A. The Internet and the World Wide Web were not the same term. B. Hashtags and CAPTCHA were social media terms. C. Wikis were a collaborative communication technology. D. Companies with a privacy policy may not keep your information private.

B. Hashtags and CAPTCHA were social media terms.

Which of the following is the author and audience format for a teacher posting student learning resources on a class or school website? A. Group/Group B. Individual/Group C. Group/Individual D. Individual/Individual

B. Individual/Group

Engaging students in projects where they investigate relevant questions in a subject field is an example of which of the following teaching and learning approaches? A. One-on-one tutoring B. Inquiry learning C. Whole class instruction D. Metacognitive thinking

B. Inquiry learning

Which of the following statements best describes creativity when applied to the learning of students in schools? A. It is a talent that cannot be influenced or promoted by technology. B. It includes thinking and acting in ways that generate alternative approaches to people, situations and problems. C. It is an unattainable goal by almost every student since only a few truly creative individuals are born every generation. D. It is a talent not highly valued by business executives, school administrators or leaders in many other fields.

B. It includes thinking and acting in ways that generate alternative approaches to people, situations and problems.

Online Web resources and apps support lesson planning by teachers in all the following ways except A. Providing lesson plans, interactive activities, and videos for classroom use B. Locating teaching job openings throughout the United States C. Seeing how other educators have organized learning experiences for students D. Offering a state-by-state database of curriculum standards

B. Locating teaching job openings throughout the United States

A teacher engaged in content curation is doing which of the following activities? A. Writing one's own curriculum materials and selling them online for a small fee B. Locating, evaluating and saving education-related information for use with students C. Writing one's own curriculum materials and freely posting them online D. Aligning daily instructional activities to match school system learning standards for students

B. Locating, evaluating and saving education-related information for use with students

Which of the following statements best summarizes a key feature of the technology "participation gap" for students? A. Affluent families are less willing to use technology for outside-of-school learning. B. Low-income students are less likely to use the latest interactive technologies. C. Elementary schools are less able to use technology for teaching. D. New teachers are less inclined to use technology in new and creative ways.

B. Low-income students are less likely to use the latest interactive technologies.

Studies of student engagement in school have shown that A. Almost all students at every grade level are eager and responsive learners. B. Many students at every grade level report feeling detached and alienated from school. C. Most students believe their teachers provide timely and interesting lessons. D. Almost all students at every grade level indicate that they put maximum effort into schoolwork.

B. Many students at every grade level report feeling detached and alienated from school.

Public domain materials can be best described as A. Material that has been purchased by a school system for use by students and teachers B. Material that may be freely used without the permission of the former copyright owner C. Material that has no commercial value and is not sold online D. Material that can be used by anyone after getting permission from the copyright owner

B. Material that may be freely used without the permission of the former copyright owner

Which of the following statements most accurately describes Open Educational Resources (OERs)? A. Materials found on the Internet after a Google search B. Materials that can be freely used, edited and reposted by teachers or students C. Materials purchased by school systems for use by any teacher or class of students D. Materials that teachers make freely available to students for use in learning activities

B. Materials that can be freely used, edited and reposted by teachers or students

What student engagement approach involves teachers adapting instructional practices to each student's individual needs, interests and knowledge? A. Personal self-reflection and goal setting B. One-on-one tutoring C. Small group learning D. Project-based learning

B. One-on-one tutoring

Which of the following terms describes how the lack of access to the latest technologies prevents lower income students from having optimal learning experiences? A. Participation swing B. Participation gap C. Participation spike D. Participation curve

B. Participation gap

Which statement describes the use of performance assessment in evaluating student learning? A. Most states have implemented mandatory performance assessment systems for high school graduation. B. Performance assessment evaluates students' products, presentations and performances as evidence of learning. C. Tests and test scores are never used as part of performance assessment. D. Performance assessment compares students' learning outcomes with those of other students at the same age or grade.

B. Performance assessment evaluates students' products, presentations and performances as evidence of learning.

Students are best able to develop fluency with technology by A. Answering end-of-the-chapter questions in academic textbooks B. Performing technology-based activities about an academic topic C. Answering multiple-choice test questions about an academic topic D. Completing online worksheets about an academic topic

B. Performing technology-based activities about an academic topic

The lesson design and development process encompasses all of the following steps except A. Locating relevant academic content and teaching materials B. Posting assignments on a teacher or school website C. Choosing learning assessment and evaluation activities D. Identifying learning goals, methods, and procedures

B. Posting assignments on a teacher or school website

In its "Position Statement on Teaching, Learning, and Assessing Writing in Digital Environments," the Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC) stated that the curriculum of composition must incorporate what two literacies? A. English and Spanish B. Print and screen C. Books and music D. New and old

B. Print and screen

Teachers asking students to first investigate and then propose solutions to real-world issues and questions are utilizing which of the following educational approaches? A. Groupwork and cooperative learning B. Problem solving and inquiry-based learning C. Technology-based learning D. Teacher-directed learning

B. Problem solving and inquiry-based learning

Teachers engage in social bookmarking when they do which of the following? A. Save resources to a computer for personal use in developing learning activities B. Save resources to a cloud-based site and then share them with others online C. Save resources to a computer and then tell students where to find them online D. Save resources to a cloud-based site but keep them private for personal use

B. Save resources to a cloud-based site and then share them with others online

All of the following are examples of performance assessment except A. Students present research findings to a class. B. Students achieve a high score on a standardized test. C. Students post a blog or wiki entry on a class or school website. D. Students film a video documentary about a learning topic.

B. Students achieve a high score on a standardized test.

Which of the following is a reason why teachers might combine groupwork and cooperative learning with technology to promote student learning? A. Students learn more when competing with peers for higher grades. B. Students can teach each other when they work together. C. Students need to be able to take a break from the pace of individual learning. D. Students can complete assignments more quickly by working as a team.

B. Students can teach each other when they work together.

Which of the following best describes how teachers might have students use an RSS feed in the classroom? A. Students take tests and receive their results online. B. Students check daily news headlines and share the information with the class. C. Students complete writing assignments that are graded online. D. Students post videos of class projects for families to see and hear.

B. Students check daily news headlines and share the information with the class.

Which of the following describes James Gee's views about online games as educational tools? A. Students learn how to play games on their own without help from other players. B. Students connect academic concepts to issues and puzzles they care about solving. C. Students receive preparation for careers in math and science fields. D. Students learn the value of competing for points and earning tangible rewards for their efforts.

B. Students connect academic concepts to issues and puzzles they care about solving.

Which of the following is an example of students learning with computers? A. Students review teacher-made PowerPoint lecture notes posted on a class website. B. Students explore topics using interactive websites and record their findings on a class blog. C. Students learn the names, functions, and procedures of computer hardware and software. D. Students use drill and practice software to review math number operations before a test.

B. Students explore topics using interactive websites and record their findings on a class blog.

All of the following are examples of using educational software and Web-based tools to promote problem solving and inquiry learning except A. Students in history class watching an online simulation of the battle of Gettysburg B. Students in English class copying teacher notes about Shakespeare from a whiteboard C. Students in math class playing a digital game to learn about integers D. Students in science class completing a virtual lab about equilibrium

B. Students in English class copying teacher notes about Shakespeare from a whiteboard

Each of the following are features of interactive educational websites except A. There are ways for students to interact with online content. B. Students learn about topics in a linear fashion. C. Students engage with material multimodally. D. There are opportunities to explore questions and topics in a nonlinear fashion.

B. Students learn about topics in a linear fashion.

The digital disconnect refers to the differences that A. Teachers perceive between themselves and their students about the use of technology B. Students perceive between themselves and their teachers about the use of technology C. Parents perceive between family and school rules about the use of technology D. School administrators perceive between educational policy and educational funding about the use of technology

B. Students perceive between themselves and their teachers about the use of technology

The ISTE Standards for Teachers emphasize all of the following goals except A. Teachers will think critically while problem solving. B. Teachers will expand their knowledge of technology hardware. C. Teachers will model digital-age work. D. Teachers will collaborate.

B. Teachers will expand their knowledge of technology hardware.

Which of the following best describes the experience of students taking massive open online courses (MOOCs) in higher education? A. Most participants have been women. B. The average student completion rate is much lower than traditional in-person classes. C. The average student completion rate is much higher than traditional in-person classes. D. Most participants are traditional age college students.

B. The average student completion rate is much lower than traditional in-person classes.

Which statement accurately reflects Nicholas Burbules and Thomas Callister, Jr's idea of how technology can affect education? A. Digital technologies must be combined with non-computer-based materials. B. The capacity for educational transformation is not intrinsic to the technology itself. C. Providing computers for every student is essential for 21^st century learning. D. Every technology creates positive new teaching and learning experiences for students.

B. The capacity for educational transformation is not intrinsic to the technology itself.

Google, Bing and other search engines use personalized search technology. Which of the following most accurately describes personalized search technology? A. The search engine blocks unwanted or objectionable material. B. The search engine predicts what search results someone will find most useful. C. The search engine generates a revolving list of search results. D. The search engine produces the same results for every user.

B. The search engine predicts what search results someone will find most useful.

Which of the following statements describes serious educational games for learning? A. They feature drill and practice activities so students master academic concepts. B. They promote higher levels of problem solving and inquiry learning. C. They are played without explicit problem-solving or inquiry-learning goals. D. They emphasize competition among players to identify the most skilled learners

B. They promote higher levels of problem solving and inquiry learning.

Computer-generated 3D environments that create "near-reality" learning experiences for teachers and students are known by which of the following terms? A. Massive open online courses B. Virtual reality C. Simulation games D. Virtual field trips

B. Virtual reality

What is one key difference in how younger and older teachers use technology in schools? A. Older teachers describe themselves as more technology-confident educators than younger teachers. B. Younger teachers are more likely to have students use websites, blogs and online collaboration tools. C. Older teachers are more likely to have students use websites, blogs and online collaboration tools. D. There is no difference in how younger and older teachers use technology in schools.

B. Younger teachers are more likely to have students use websites, blogs and online collaboration tools.

Online read alouds of stories and poems by teachers and audio and video recordings of writers reading their writing are typically used in which stage of a writing process fit for young writers?

Brainstorming/Prewriting

Which of the following statements most accurately expresses how a teacher's instructional style can affect the process of technology integration in classrooms? A. A teacher-centered instructional style requires support and help from administrators and colleagues to integrate technology into teaching. B. A student-centered instructional style is more likely to prefer large group presentations to small group technology-connected lessons. C. A student-centered instructional style invites student involvement with technology. D. A teacher's instructional style has no impact on the technology integration process.

C. A student-centered instructional style invites student involvement with technology.

Which of the following best describes a tag cloud? A. A numerical presentation of keyword information B. An audio presentation of keyword information C. A visual presentation of keyword information D. A linear presentation of keyword information

C. A visual presentation of keyword information

Students going to teacher-selected websites and writing a report about what they have learned is an example of which type of technology? A. Push technology B. Pull technology C. Academic technology D. Interactive technology

C. Academic technology

African American, Hispanic and Native American students who perform below White and Asian students on reading and math learning assessments are experiencing which of the following? A. Language gap B. Poverty gap C. Achievement gap D. Technology gap

C. Achievement gap

Games that promote higher-order thinking typically include each of the following elements except A. Real-world settings with complex puzzles to solve B. Engaging graphics C. An emphasis on right or wrong answers D. Age appropriate characters

C. An emphasis on right or wrong answers

Gamification is most accurately described by which of the following terms? A. Providing students with structured practice by adjusting questions to the needs of the learner B. Using an online game environment to practice memorizing correct answers C. Applying the elements of game-play to non-gaming academic situations D. Embedding academic information in a game so students learn without realizing they are doing so

C. Applying the elements of game-play to non-gaming academic situations

Twitter combines elements of what other forms of communication? A. Journal writing, word processing, and Skype B. Email, business letter writing and telephone conversations C. Blogging, social networking, and text messaging D. Social bookmarking, online games, and information alerts

C. Blogging, social networking, and text messaging

All of the following are examples of technology-based learning environments except A. Creating a class website B. Contributing to a class wiki C. Copying notes from a PowerPoint presentation D. Posting on an education blog

C. Copying notes from a PowerPoint presentation

A 3D printer performs which of the following tasks? A. Provides programmed instructions for small robots B. Provides challenging design problems for students to solve C. Creates a physical object from an online design D. Creates an online design from a physical object

C. Creates a physical object from an online design

Students recognizing their rights, responsibilities and opportunities for living, learning and working in a digitally connected world is the focal point of which of the following ISTE Standards for Students? A. Innovative Designer B. Knowledge Constructor C. Digital Citizen D. Empowered Learner

C. Digital Citizen

Which of the following is considered an effective way for schools to protect students' privacy online? A. Have teachers keep information about student performance in school on their own personal devices. B. Limit students' use of password-protected devices. C. Disable the automatic installation of apps on computers and tablets. D. Encourage students to use their own student-created apps.

C. Disable the automatic installation of apps on computers and tablets.

The process by which computers, the Internet, and digital tools substantively alter existing patterns of teaching and learning in schools is known by which of the following terms? A. Sweeping innovation B. Top-down innovation C. Disruptive innovation D. Planned innovation

C. Disruptive innovation

Which statement is true about the ISTE Standards for Students and the 21st Century Student Outcomes for Learning? A. Each mandates technology integration at every grade level. B. Each is focused on improving students' math and science learning in elementary schools. C. Each emphasizes how technology creates new teaching and learning experiences for students. D. Each is focused on improving students' reading and writing across the curriculum.

C. Each emphasizes how technology creates new teaching and learning experiences for students.

Stealth learning is most accurately described by which of the following terms? A. Motivating students who are disinterested in academic learning B. Applying the elements of game-play to non-gaming academic situations C. Embedding academic information in a game so students learn without realizing they are doing so D. Creating a virtual object and making it respond to programmed instructions

C. Embedding academic information in a game so students learn without realizing they are doing so

As digital citizens, students are expected to do which of the following? A. Maintain a personal website or blog of their academic accomplishments B. Cite information from Wikipedia without attribution C. Follow the acceptable use policies of schools D. Join a social network to freely share images with peers

C. Follow the acceptable use policies of schools

Students who use textspeak and textisms in online communications have been shown to have which of the following outcomes? A. Declines in spelling knowledge and standard word usage B. Gains in overall academic performance in school C. Gains in reading proficiency D. Declines in reading proficiency

C. Gains in reading proficiency

After reviewing the use of games for learning, researchers from the American Psychological Association as well as James Paul Gee have reached which of the following conclusions? A. Games should be used primarily to promote competition among students for high grades. B. Games have limited potential to promote learning across the curriculum. C. Games have great potential to promote learning across the curriculum. D. Games should always be used to supplement in-person instruction by teachers.

C. Games have great potential to promote learning across the curriculum.

Understanding a problem, using problem-solving strategies, and checking results are the steps in a framework for solving mathematical problems proposed by which of the following researchers? A. Seymour Papert B. Benjamin Bloom C. George Polya D. Grant Wiggins

C. George Polya

Which of the following is a recommended way for teachers to utilize technology to impact student learning outcomes? A. Ask teachers to limit technology use to not more than half a class period. B. Require teachers to use computers for tests and other student learning assessments. C. Have teachers focus on inquiry- and research-based curriculum for students. D. Give teachers added salary bonuses for using technology with classes.

C. Have teachers focus on inquiry- and research-based curriculum for students.

An educational website's cognitive load is determined by which of the following features? A. How many words are used on the site B. How online advertisements influence the attention of users C. How the presentation of online information supports or restricts learning by students D. How objective and reliable the site is considered by expert evaluators

C. How the presentation of online information supports or restricts learning by students

A social informatics perspective would mainly focus on which of the following aspects of technology use in schools? A. Potential negative and harmful consequences of extensive technology use by young children B. Unequal use of technology resources by students in the same schools C. Impacts of technology within the context of social, economic and political trends D. Patterns of technology integration by teachers

C. Impacts of technology within the context of social, economic and political trends

A digital notice that new information about a topic has just become available online is known by which of the following terms? A. RSS feed B. Learning management C. Information alert D. Digital content

C. Information alert

Cyberbullying is different from bullying in which of the following ways? A. It singles out individuals who do not conform to perceived norms. B. It features the use of hateful language. C. It can happen anonymously online through text messages and email. D. It can include threats of physical harm.

C. It can happen anonymously online through text messages and email.

All of the following describe reasons for teachers to use email as a professional communication tool except A. It is a way to communicate information about student school performance. B. It has a built-in recordkeeping system. C. It is an informal system where standard spelling, grammar and punctuation do not matter to readers. D. It is a fast way to respond to requests for information from students and families.

C. It is an informal system where standard spelling, grammar and punctuation do not matter to readers.

Which of the following terms best describes students using more than one technology at the same time? A. Media momentum B. Media multiplication C. Media multitasking D. Media messaging

C. Media multitasking

The process of teachers and students combining spoken words with audio, video, simulations and other interactive digital materials is known by which of the following terms? A. Mutual learning B. Multifaceted learning C. Multimodal learning D. Mixed media learning

C. Multimodal learning

Metacognitive thinking by students involves which of the following? A. Repeated practice to achieve mastery of basic skills B. Teaching other students as part of cooperative learning groups C. Ongoing self-reflection about one's learning progress D. Engaging in outside of school internships and work experiences

C. Ongoing self-reflection about one's learning progress

Student learning objectives are best described by which of the following statements? A. Activities that teachers do with students during a lesson B. Primary reasons for teaching a lesson to students C. Planned or intended outcomes of a teacher's lesson D. Type of assessments that teachers use to measure student learning

C. Planned or intended outcomes of a teacher's lesson

According to Seymour Papert, high-quality educational software is characterized by which of the following? A. The program limits a user's responses to right or wrong choices. B. Quick reactions are favored over deliberate decisions. C. Problem solving and creative thinking by users are paramount. D. Stereotypes and violence are prominent features of game play.

C. Problem solving and creative thinking by users are paramount.

Each of the following are considered effective strategies for teachers using a single tablet computer in the classroom except A. Displaying images from a tablet using a digital projector when reading a story or discussing a topic B. Giving students use of the tablet as well as the school's computer lab for research assignments C. Rewarding students who finish assignments early by letting them have extra time with the tablet D. Creating small group assignments where students use a tablet for a short period of time before another group has a turn

C. Rewarding students who finish assignments early by letting them have extra time with the tablet

The view that learning is primarily associated with memorizing, demonstrating and imitating to build information recall is associated with which of the following theories? A. Constructivism B. Constructionism C. Behaviorism D. Experimentalism

Constructivism or Constructionism

Exploratory learning is most accurately defined by which of the following statements? A. Students participate in a combination of in-person and online learning experiences. B. Students visit computer-generated online environments as part of classroom learning activities. C. Students develop connections between what they know and what they are learning about a topic. D. Students compete to get the highest total number of points in an online game.

C. Students develop connections between what they know and what they are learning about a topic.

Mindtools are most accurately defined by which of the following statements? A. Students learning from technology by completing online worksheets before taking tests B. Students limiting their use of technology to avoid digital distractions C. Students learning with technology by investigating curriculum topics online D. Students earning time to use technology by completing class assignments before they are due

C. Students learning with technology by investigating curriculum topics online

Which of the following statements most accurately summarizes how students evaluate online information? A. Students consistently distinguish credible from false online information. B. Students who attend technology-filled schools are more likely to distinguish credible from false online information. C. Students struggle to distinguish credible from false online information. D. Students earning highest grades are more likely to distinguish credible from false online information.

C. Students struggle to distinguish credible from false online information.

Which of the following is an example of copyright infringement? A. Contacting the rights holder for permission to use material for educational purposes B. Posting public domain information on a class or teacher website C. Taking someone's pictures or drawings and using them as your own D. Using information that is listed as creative commons and acknowledging the original author(s)

C. Taking someone's pictures or drawings and using them as your own

Which of the following best illustrates reciprocal teaching as an instructional technique for developing Internet literacy? A. Teachers use students' wrong answers on a test to identify misconceptions about an online text. B. Students teach each other about the meaning of an online text. C. Teachers and students explore the meaning of an online text through dialog and discussion. D. Teachers explain the meaning of an online text at the beginning and then again at the end of class.

C. Teachers and students explore the meaning of an online text through dialog and discussion.

Which of the following terms most accurately describes an emerging technology in K-12 schools? A. Technologies teachers know about and are using regularly B. Technologies teachers are reading about but have not used in schools C. Technologies teachers are just beginning to consider using instructionally D. Technologies teachers have only recently begun using

C. Technologies teachers are just beginning to consider using instructionally

Each of the following statements describe the use of technology in cooperative learning and groupwork except A. Technology gives teachers expanded options when organizing cooperative learning and groupwork activities. B. Teachers have the flexibility to use technology with individual students during cooperative learning and groupwork activities. C. Technology is used in cooperative learning and groupwork at the secondary but not the elementary school level. D. Students can use technology in pairs, trios or other small groups as part of cooperative learning and groupwork activities.

C. Technology is used in cooperative learning and groupwork at the secondary but not the elementary school level.

Each of the following are examples of teachers engaging in social networking for professional purposes except A. Tweeting about different instructional practices B. Accessing online resources made available by professional education organizations C. Texting about personal accomplishments and events D. Participating in an online literature circle or book group

C. Texting about personal accomplishments and events

Which of the following statements best describes how teachers are using technology in school? A. Veteran teachers are more likely than new teachers to write on computers, correspond by email, and keep records on spreadsheets and databases. B. Almost all teachers use technology for lesson planning, curriculum design, professional communication and student information management. C. Younger teachers are more likely to regard technology as an indispensable tool for their professional work as educators. D. Veteran teachers prefer to use books and other paper materials when planning lessons and locating teaching materials.

C. Younger teachers are more likely to regard technology as an indispensable tool for their professional work as educators.

In assembling materials for a digital portfolio, students should be encouraged to

Collect selections that broadly represent one's work

All of the following are generally parts of a teacher's online professional portfolio except

Confidential evaluations of teaching performance

The integration of the cultures, histories, backgrounds and languages of all students into every aspect of school learning is known by which of the following terms?

Culturally responsive teaching

Which of the following is the URL (uniform resource locator) reserved for sites created by governmental agencies and organizations? A. .edu B. .com C. .biz D. .gov

D. .gov

According to the Partnership for 21st Century Skills, which of following terms describes the knowledge, competencies, and understandings that students will need to succeed in a highly technological society? A. Career readiness B. Workforce readiness C. Future-focused skills D. 21st century skills

D. 21st century skills

Which of the following most accurately describes fake and false news? A. Information that teachers and students can utilize without violating copyright rules B. Untruthful information that can be easily identified by teachers and students C. A new phenomenon caused by computers and the Internet D. A longstanding and recurring part of mass communication

D. A longstanding and recurring part of mass communication

Molly prefers reading printed texts for school homework, but her teacher wants to expand her learning resources. Which of the following would mostly likely help Molly understand and apply information? A. Digital readings that can be read on a handheld device B. A quiz with sound effects that beep when a student submits an incorrect answer C. Teacher-made presentations posted on a class website D. A podcast with an accompanying written text

D. A podcast with an accompanying written text

All of the following are recommended strategies for showing students how to effectively conduct online searches except A. Introducing sites designed by students B. Using visual search tools C. Teaching students to critically evaluate search results D. Accepting the first citations on a search results page as the best ones

D. Accepting the first citations on a search results page as the best ones

All of the following terms convey how digital technology can affect the attitudes and behaviors of teachers and students except A. Unique B. Transformative C. Powerful D. All encompassing

D. All encompassing

Which of the following websites would be most useful to a student wanting to locate primary source materials about the Battle of Gettysburg? A. Skills practice websites B. Exploration and discovery websites C. Lesson plan websites D. Archival and primary source websites

D. Archival and primary source websites

In school settings, "informate" differs from "automate" in which of the following ways? A. Making administrative tasks less time-consuming for teachers B. Reproducing rather than changing existing educational practices C. Providing teachers with more extensive information about student learning D. Changing rather than reproducing existing educational practices

D. Changing rather than reproducing existing educational practices

Students are most engaged in learning when educational websites include interactivity, exploration, and what other feature? A. A predetermined way to navigate the site so students stay on task B. Prizes and rewards for achieving high scores on a game C. A straightforward presentation of information D. Compelling stories, interesting characters, and intriguing mysteries to solve

D. Compelling stories, interesting characters, and intriguing mysteries to solve

To solve problems using data, models and algorithms, teachers and students engage in what type of educational activity? A. System design B. Computer programming C. Data calculation D. Computational thinking

D. Computational thinking

Larry Cuban's research on the history of computer use in schools includes all of the following findings except A. Computers are used for student word processing and publishing, but not for writing or other creative self-expression. B. Computers are rarely used in conjunction with digital cameras, scanners, and handheld or wireless devices. C. Computers are mainly used for drill-and-practice work, not for exploratory learning. D. Computers are used to teach students how to do careful Internet research and analysis.

D. Computers are used to teach students how to do careful Internet research and analysis.

The ISTE Standards for Teachers emphasize the importance of which of the following educational goals? A. Using ISTE lesson plans when teaching students about technology B. Providing students with information needed to pass a computer literacy test C. Outlining knowledge college students are expected to gain from their education D. Defining essential skills and attitudes needed by technology-using teachers

D. Defining essential skills and attitudes needed by technology-using teachers

Texting enables children and adolescents to practice each of the following educational skills except A. Using words and symbols in writing B. Expanding phonological awareness C. Practicing writing to convey information to others D. Developing face-to-face communication skills

D. Developing face-to-face communication skills

Which of the following describes a blended or hybrid approach to delivering educational content to students? A. Teacher presentations are paired with small group work during class time. B. Attending school every morning is paired with community internships in the afternoon. C. Teacher organized in-class learning activities are paired with online quizzes and exams. D. Face-to-face interactions between teachers and students are paired with online coursework and testing.

D. Face-to-face interactions between teachers and students are paired with online coursework and testing.

As a digital-age skill, critical reading involves students doing which of the following activities? A. Retrieving and recording information quickly on digital devices B. Multitasking when using technology to accomplish more in a short amount of time C. Consulting paper-based sources to verify online information D. Identifying how websites communicate ideas and utilize images

D. Identifying how websites communicate ideas and utilize images

All of the following have been cited by teachers as barriers to greater technology use in school except A. Tightly packed teaching schedules with large class sizes B. Absence of strong administrative leadership for technology integration C. Lack of technology training and professional development D. Inadequate salary increases for technology innovation by teachers

D. Inadequate salary increases for technology innovation by teachers

The "capacity to access, analyze, evaluate and communicate messages in a wide variety of forms" is the definition for which of the following terms? A. Internet searching B. WebQuests C. Media literacy D. Information fluency

D. Information fluency

Which of the following terms describes how organizations and individuals keep track of data? A. Information storage B. Information tracking C. Information recall D. Information management

D. Information management

School organizations generally use websites for which of the following purposes? A. Giving community members an opportunity to suggest changes to school operations B. Posting student grades on tests and projects C. Promoting online conversations between students and teachers D. Informing students and families about school policies and procedures

D. Informing students and families about school policies and procedures

Each of the following statements about a Standards Connector is true except A. It is a multimodal learning experience for students. B. It is a collection of Web resources tagged to curriculum frameworks. C. It is a resource that enables students to contribute resources. D. It is an online repository where only teachers can tag resources.

D. It is an online repository where only teachers can tag resources.

When asked about their level of engagement when teachers used different instructional methods, students said they were least engaged by A. Working on group projects B. Solving inquiry-based problems C. Watching online videos D. Listening to teacher lectures

D. Listening to teacher lectures

A space in a school or classroom where students and teachers spend time designing and building is known by which of the following terms? A. 3D printing area B. Genius hour space C. Learning center D. Makerspace

D. Makerspace

Which of the following shows a student engaging in the higher order thinking skills of creating, comparing, and contrasting? A. Callie completes an online math problem-solving practice assignment. B. Kayla accesses Wikipedia information to begin research about a social studies topic. C. Ahmed reviews a teacher's PowerPoint slides in preparation for an English exam. D. Malcolm analyzes weather data from three different meteorological websites.

D. Malcolm analyzes weather data from three different meteorological websites.

What is the role of a summative assessment in the instructional design process? A. Inform families about students' academic progress in school B. Highlight the activities the teacher and students will be doing during each class C. Show school administrators how teachers are aligning classroom learning activities to state curriculum standards D. Measure students' learning after completing an instructional experience

D. Measure students' learning after completing an instructional experience

A "progressive consensus" about effective instructional practices emphasizes having teachers use which of the following instructional methodologies? A. More reliance on standardized tests B. More time spent with textbooks C. More whole-class instruction D. More small group instruction

D. More small group instruction

Student-to-expert communication websites perform which of the following functions? A. Present real-time data about scientific phenomena B. Enable students to conduct scientific or historical investigations using online resources C. Provide curriculum development resources for educators D. Offer information exchanges between students and people in colleges, businesses, and educational organizations

D. Offer information exchanges between students and people in colleges, businesses, and educational organizations

Which of the following statements best describes a flipped classroom approach? A. Online assignments and in-class activities are completed only by individual students. B. Class activities happen online without any in-person meetings. C. Class activities happen in-person, but exams and quizzes are online. D. Online assignments are completed by individual students outside of class while in-class learning activities involve whole and small groups.

D. Online assignments are completed by individual students outside of class while in-class learning activities involve whole and small groups.

Which of the following statements best describes digital badges as a new educational credential? A. School systems nominate teachers for digital badges to recognize excellence in teaching. B. Local businesses give digital badges to students who earn high grades in school. C. Institutions of higher education issue digital badges after a student has successfully completed a for-credit course. D. Organizations award digital badges after students demonstrate they have mastered a skill or competency.

D. Organizations award digital badges after students demonstrate they have mastered a skill or competency.

All of the following are primary goals of the National Council of Teachers of English's call for 21st century literacies except A. Handle information in ethical ways B. Design and share information in online environments such as blogs and wikis C. Build relationships and solve problems collaboratively D. Pass high stakes tests delivered online

D. Pass high stakes tests delivered online

Teachers are advised to use blogs for each of the following instructional purposes except A. Showcasing student projects and accomplishments B. Posting resources and materials related to class learning activities C. Providing information about assignments, exams and other school events D. Posting student grades

D. Posting student grades

Each of the following are examples of a social communication technology except A. Text messages B. Educational wikis C. Teacher websites D. PowerPoint presentations

D. PowerPoint presentations

According to teachers surveyed nationally, students are least likely to go to which of the following sources when searching for information? A. Other students B. Wikipedia C. YouTube D. Print books

D. Print books

Discussions between students and teachers to clarify meanings and correct misconceptions when reading print and online material is part of which the following instructional approaches? A. Teacher-centered learning B. Multimodal learning C. Independent student research D. Reciprocal teaching

D. Reciprocal teaching

Which statement best describes the condition of technology in K-12 schools? A. School technologies do not need to be replaced or updated as often since they are not used extensively by teachers or students. B. School technologies get replaced or updated on a regular schedule. C. Schools have more new technologies than do institutions of higher education or corporate organizations. D. Schools have fewer new technologies than do institutions of higher education or corporate organizations.

D. Schools have fewer new technologies than do institutions of higher education or corporate organizations.

Effective educational apps for tablets and smartphones make use of what concept, often associated with the early 20th century educator Maria Montessori? A. Inquiry learning B. Cooperative learning C. Positive reinforcement D. Self-correcting feedback

D. Self-correcting feedback

A "One-Two-Three Time" instructional approach uses computer technology in which of the following ways? A. Students design a series of three computer-based activities. B. Students use computers to play games after completing their school assignments. C. Small groups of students take three tests online: pretest, mid-assessment and post test. D. Small groups use computers while a teacher works directly with other students on specific learning activities.

D. Small groups use computers while a teacher works directly with other students on specific learning activities.

The National Council of Teachers of English issued which of the following statements about using computers to evaluate student writing? A. Computer scoring should be used in conjunction with teacher evaluation to provide a more balanced assessment of student writing. B. Digital grading is an effective and efficient way to provide students and families with a numerical picture of student writing proficiency. C. Teachers should use machine scoring of student writing rather than portfolios or other performance evaluation methods. D. Software programs over-emphasize surface features while failing to honor the qualities that make writing creative and expressive.

D. Software programs over-emphasize surface features while failing to honor the qualities that make writing creative and expressive.

Which one of the following is an example of students engaging in social networking for educational purposes? A. Students communicating with other students about social activities with friends B. Students sharing answers to test questions with other students C. Students using social networks to find new friends D. Students communicating with other students about homework assignments and class projects

D. Students communicating with other students about homework assignments and class projects

All of the following are examples of a performance assessment that classroom teachers can use to evaluate student work except A. Students create a presentation on the average student height in science class. B. Students perform Hamlet Scene One in English class. C. Students create an abstract sculpture in art class. D. Students take a multiple-choice test on the American Revolution in history class

D. Students take a multiple-choice test on the American Revolution in history class

Teacher blogs differ from school district websites in which of the following ways? A. Teacher blogs have an objective, neutral style designed to convey information to readers. B. Teacher blogs have relatively fixed content that does not change from week to week. C. Teacher blogs are required by school districts as part of a professional contract. D. Teacher blogs feature a personal voice using an informal communication style.

D. Teacher blogs feature a personal voice using an informal communication style.

Historically, teachers in American schools have featured which of the following as their predominant method of teaching? A. Student-centered teaching B. Collaborative teaching C. Constructivist teaching D. Teacher-centered teaching

D. Teacher-centered teaching

Which of the following describes how active learning and metacognitive thinking support constructivist teaching? A. Teachers at the high school level focus on preparing students for college and careers. B. Teachers utilize repeated practice where students memorize and demonstrate their knowledge of a subject. C. Teachers at the elementary level focus learning on skills to prepare students for success in middle and high school. D. Teachers incorporate into their lessons students' preexisting knowledge about a subject or topic.

D. Teachers incorporate into their lessons students' preexisting knowledge about a subject or topic.

Each of the following are regarded as appropriate ways to teach digital citizenship except A. Requiring students to properly cite their online sources in a research paper B. Having students to develop their own voice and viewpoint within their writing C. Assisting students to create and maintain a class blog, wiki or website D. Telling students not to use technology inappropriately and punishing them if they do

D. Telling students not to use technology inappropriately and punishing them if they do

All of the following are true about academically based simulation games for learning except A. Players make decisions and experience the consequences. B. The game represents one or more real-world processes. C. Players face conflicting goals or choices. D. The game recreates one or more fantasy-world systems.

D. The game recreates one or more fantasy-world systems.

Serious games for learning share which of the following characteristics? A. There is a fee charged to play the game more than one time. B. There are multiple opportunities to practice basic calculation skills. C. There is competition to determine winners and losers. D. There are problems to be solved through critical and creative thinking.

D. There are problems to be solved through critical and creative thinking.

Digital technologies have affected the development of literacy in which of the following ways? A. Owning the most up-to-date personal computer is now a necessity for learning. B. The three R's of reading, writing and arithmetic are now less important. C. Books and other paper sources of information in libraries are now less important. D. Understanding the Internet, mass media and digital information is now more important.

D. Understanding the Internet, mass media and digital information is now more important.

Information technology (IT) fluency means that students can do which of the following? A. Understand more than one language when using a computer B. Pass a test about the terms and functions of technology C. Perform the tasks and functions as well as a professional scientist or engineer D. Use technology to locate and evaluate digital and non-digital information

D. Use technology to locate and evaluate digital and non-digital information

A technology-using educator is characterized by all of the following except A. Making informed choices about when to use technology B. Exploring the dimensions of how technology supports teaching and learning C. Promoting change at the classroom, school and district level D. Using technology as a reward for student performance and appropriate behavior

D. Using technology as a reward for student performance and appropriate behavior

Which of the following most accurately describes how blogs differ from wikis and Google sites? A. Wikis and Google Sites are associated with improved student performance on standardized tests. B. Blogs alone better prepare students for the ways 21st century businesses handle online information. C. Blogs are associated with improved student performance on standardized tests. D. Wikis and Google Sites promote collaborative writing and editing.

D. Wikis and Google Sites promote collaborative writing and editing.

In a question-centered instructional approach, students are expected to do which of the following?

Develop answers to a challenging problem or issue, often working in pairs or small groups

Combining written text, audio, and video imagery to make unique story presentations is known by which of the following terms?

Digital storytelling

Projecting text and images onto a screen, wall or whiteboard is easiest to do using which of these technology tools?

Document camera

Text-to-speech software and apps provide which one of the following functions for students?

Enables students to hear written text read aloud

Voice-activated spelling and dictionaries programs on smart phones and computers support learners most effectively in which of the following ways?

Enabling writers to check the accuracy of their spelling by hearing word choices read aloud

Which of the following statements summarizes the use of accommodation when adapting curriculum and instruction for students with special educational needs?

Ensuring that every student has the learning supports needed to access and learn the school curriculum

Google believes which of the following programs will support students from around the world in learning different languages?

Google Translate

All of the following strategies are effective for teachers to use when soliciting student feedback about instructional methods except

Grading students on the quality of the feedback they give

Each of the following are recommended strategies for creating engaging digital presentations except

Having students copy information directly from the slides to reinforce memorization

Which of the following accommodations is an example of a teacher implementing a Universal Design for Learning (UDL) approach?

Hearing a recorded reading of the math word problems and completing the same number of problems as the rest of the class

The practice of arranging digital presentation slides to convey information clearly to students is known by which of the following terms? Information presentation design PowerPoint planning Student-engaging instructional practice Interactive multimedia learning

Information presentation design

How are teachers best advised to create an interactive video viewing experience for students?

Insert questions or writing prompt for students to answer while watching the video.

According to Thomas Hehir, the key to adapting teaching strategies and classroom environments to fit the needs of all learners is

Minimizing the impact of disability and maximizing the opportunity to participate in the world

Which of the following is an educational use of digital cameras for teaching and learning?

Ms. Morton rotates all students into different roles when filming class learning activities.

Which of the following terms describes how teachers affirm the diversity of student interests, needs, and talents present in school classrooms?

Multicultural education

Teachers utilizing highly interactive technology tools to deliver curriculum to students would be found in which type of classroom?

Multimedia technology classroom

Each of the following are characteristics of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) except

Multiple means of testing

The evolving of the Internet into a more open medium capable of promoting interaction and collaboration among students and teachers is known as A. Web 2.0/3.0 B. Web 1.0 C. Digital marketplace D. 21st century literacies

NOT 21st century literacies

Which of the following statements summarizes Seymour Sarason's conclusion about how organizational cultures in K-12 schools affect educational change efforts? A. Educational change initiatives succeed only when given financial support from outside the school funding agencies. B. Educational change initiatives lacking teacher buy-in and support tend to fail to achieve their goals. C. Educational change initiatives succeed only when given strong support from superintendents, principals and other administrators. D. Educational change initiatives require a majority of student support in order to succeed.

NOT C. Educational change initiatives succeed only when given strong support from superintendents, principals and other administrators.

Students using their knowledge and insights to solve problems within online games is known by which of the following terms? A. Edutainment games B. Object-oriented programming C. Gamification D. Transformational play

NOT C. Gamification

Which of the following is an example of teachers using the push dimensions of online technologies? A. Posting student learning resources on a teacher or school website B. Locating a learning activity posted by a professional organization like the National Council for the Social Studies C. Subscribing to a daily online information resource like The New York Times D. Reading an online e-book to learn more about a curriculum topic

NOT Locating a learning activity posted by a professional organization like the National Council for the Social Studies

Having students use computers to access a set of teacher-selected Web resources to learn about an academic topic is known as? A. Project-based learning B. Bookmarking C. Groupwork D. WebQuest

NOT bookmarking

Teachers who begin trying new technology learning activities with students are operating at which stage of the SAMR technology integration model? A. Augmentation B. Substitution C. Realignment D. Redefinition

NOT substitution

Students who lack home access to up-to-date digital devices and high-speed Internet are said to be A. Technology poor B. Technology challenged C. Technology deficient D. Technology under-connected

NOT technology deficient

What national educational organization has urged schools and teachers to utilize multiple measures in assessing student learning?

National Council of Teachers of English

Teachers who actively involve students in setting learning goals and assessing academic performance are engaging in which of the following educational approaches?

Partnering pedagogy

When using videos instructionally, teachers are advised to do which of the following?

Pause a video often to engage students in talking and writing about the material.

Which of the following is a key goal of digital portfolios for teachers?

Providing continually updated examples of teachers' professional and instructional activities

Which of the following statements reflects education reformer Alfie Kohn's beliefs about the role of standardized tests in schools?

Standardized tests are not "objective" or neutral measures of student academic performance.

What type of digital portfolio connects teaching skills and competencies to academic and professional curriculum standards?

Standards-based portfolio

Combining students' outside-the-classroom community engagement experiences with academic in-school learning is known by which of the following terms?

Service learning

The simultaneous transfer of video, voice, and data from one computer to another computer is known by which of the following terms? Educational video Public domain video Streaming video Handcrafted video

Streaming video

Transferring video, voice and data simultaneously from one computer to another is known by which of the following terms?

Streaming video

Which of the following is an important instructional advantage of student participation systems?

Students get immediate feedback about their answers.

Each of the following are examples of students making their own videos in the classroom except

Students in a history class watching a commercially made video and writing about its contents.

Which of the following statements describes student roles and responsibilities in democratic classrooms?

Students participate in decisions about classroom rules and academic policies.

Each of the following are recommended ways for students to become active partners with teachers in organizing classroom learning democratically except

Students setting goals and continually self-assessing their academic performance

Which of the following statements best describes how teachers differentiate instruction for students?

Teachers create a variety of educational experiences to meet the needs of individual students.

A student-made alphabet book is best used to achieve which of the following educational goals?

Teaching letter sounds and spelling patterns of words