HORT 2043 - Organic Gardening Final (QUIZ 6-10)

False (You can apply mulch at any point/ and it is a good idea to add mulch before you add your transplants to keep the soil cool and moist and prevent it from drying out and hardening)

T/F: Mulch should be applied to the garden ONLY after transplants or seeds have been planted.

False (we eat fruits, leaves, stems, ect)

T/F: Leaves are the only part of a vegetable that are ever consumed by humans.

True

T/F: Leeks are very cold hardy.

False (Melons are warm season plants)

T/F: Melons, such as watermelon and cantaloupe, are considered cool-season plants.

False (They are not related at all)

T/F: Peppers (Capsicum spp.) are closely related to black pepper (Piper nigrum).

False (Waters in containers are completely dependent on you for water and nutrients. Therefore, they may require more attention then soil grown plants and can get water from rain and nutrients from the soil matter)

T/F: Plants grown in containers often need less water than those grown in soil.

True (Nightshade Family)

T/F: Potatoes and tomatoes are in the same plant family.

False (Don't use garden soil as media for your transplants)

T/F: The best media in which to grow vegetable transplants is garden soil.

False (you are trying to make the transplant less dependent on you)

T/F: The first step in hardening-off plants is to increase fertilizer rates.

True (it is fat soluble so use whole milk, cheese, or anything high in fat)

T/F: Water does not relieve burning due to capsaicin because capsaicin is not water soluble.

False (Vegetables like alot of sun and hate shade!)

T/F: When planning a garden, it is best to pick an area that receives plenty of afternoon shade.

False (You are relocated the roots)

T/F: When you plant a transplant you are sowing seed directly into the garden soil.

habanero

The ______________ group contains the most pungent commercially-produced peppers.

Testing soil moisture with your finger

The best way to tell if your garden needs to be watered is:

Capsaicin

The compound isolated from peppers that leads to their pungency is called ____________________.

Lycopene

The compound present in tomatoes (and some other red fruits) that has been linked to cardiovascular benefits is ______________________.

Blossom End Rot

a physiological disorder of tomato caused by calcium deficiency.

square foot

A good way to maximize your space using a raised bed is to plant according to the ____________________ method.

Tobacco Mosaic Virus

A virus that readily infects tomatoes which necessitates that growers refrain from smoking near their tomatoes is called:

recessive gene (capsaicin is what makes a pepper spicy/ bell peppers don't have any)

Bell peppers, as a group, do not contain capsaicin due to the expression of a(n) ___________________________.

Scion

In grafting, the plant which provides the top portion of the plant (leaves, stems, fruit, etc.) is referred to as the:

False (Potting mix has NO soil in it, you should not take soil from your garden for your container plants)

T/F: Garden soil is the primary component of the growing media in container gardening.

True

T/F: Growing media used in a containers is typically made of soilless components.

True

T/F: Hardening-off plants is the process used to get "ready" for the garden environment.

True

T/F: In general, germinated seedlings require more light than common house plants.

True

T/F: In general, vegetables are considered healthy foods because they are low in calories, but high in vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial compounds.

True

T/F: A parasitic wasp deposits its eggs on or in unsuspecting prey.

False (it is botanically a fruit, but legally a vegetable)

T/F: A tomato is legally a fruit, but botanically a vegetable.

True

T/F: A trap crop should be planted to lure an insect pest away from the desired cash crop.

True

T/F: Addition of organic matter, such as compost, to a sandy soil can improve that soil's water and nutrient retention.

False (They can grow from transplants)

T/F: All vegetables must be grown from seed.

True

T/F: Although microbial pesticides are often softer on beneficial insects they generally take longer to be effective than botanical pesticides.

True

T/F: Asparagus prefer a soil pH that is slightly higher than what is typical for most plants.

True

T/F: Crop rotation can be used to effectively starve a particular insect pest.

False (Cucumbers are warm season plants)

T/F: Cucumbers are considered cool season vegetables.

True (Don't rotate crops within the same family such as potatoes and tomatoes)

T/F: Cucurbits (squashes, cucumbers, melons) make for good crop rotations with nightshades (tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants).

Predators and parasitoids

The two primary categories of beneficial insects are:

False (They feed on the leaves)

Tomato horn worms only feed on tomato fruit.

Determinant and indeterminate

Two general categories of tomatoes, based on their habit of growth, are:

- High production per square foot - Good for areas with poor soils - Reduced need for power equipment (NOT Decreased disease pressure due to high planting density) (Disadvantage:Increased planting density may increase pest concerns such as disease)

What are 3 advantages of growing plants in raised beds?

Peat moss, Per-lite, Vermiculite (NOT Clay)

What are 3 common soilless media used for transplant production?

- Beneficial insects - Bacillus thuringiensis - Pyrethrums

What are 3 control strategies for tomato horn worm that is available for organic growers?

- Avoids seed emergence problems - Can extend the growing season - Helps germinate seeds under ideal conditions (Dose NOT Take less effort)

What are 3 reasons to grow transplants?

- Slowing of growth - Increased thickness of leaf cuticles - Build up of sugars (Dose not cause softening of the stems)

What does hardening-off cause for the plant?

Ethylene

What is the name of the gas that is used to ripen tomatoes (and other climacteric fruit)?

Homemade compost

What should make up 25% or less of transplant growing media due to possibly high levels of soluble salts?

Bottom, sides

Where is the best place for drainage holes to be located on containers used for gardening?

Carrots

Which of the following is NOT a brassica? Brussel sprouts Carrots Cabbage Mustard greens

- Drip irrigation; 7:00 am (Early mornings/ small amounts at a time)

Which of the following is the most efficient combination of method and time to supply water to your garden? - Overhead irrigation; 12:00 pm - Overhead irrigation; 2:30 pm - Drip irrigation; 7:00 am - Drip irrigation; 11:00 pm

Corn

Which of the following vegetable does not have palatable (good for eating) leaves? Beets Turnips Collards Corn