Human Biology SSII - Chapter 1

What data is claims by a celebrity that an expensive moisturizer made her look years younger than she is?

Anecdotal data

If Eukarya is the first domain and Bacteria the second domain, what is the third domain?

Archaea

The total number of species in the biosphere is its ____.

Biodiversity

The total number of species within the biosphere.

Biodiversity

Why is biodiversity important in ecosystems, and why are scientists alarmed at the current rate of loss of biodiversity?

Biodiversity structures and stabilizes ecosystems Loss can cause extinction

The layer of life surrounding this planet.

Biosphere

We are a part of the ______, the layer of life that surrounds the earth.

Biosphere

Why prefered to have mathematical data gathered in an experiment?

Can be analyzed statistically and less likely to be biased

The basic unit of all living things is the a. nucleus b. molecule c. cell d. atom

Cell

The basic unit of life of all living things.

Cell

All organisms are composed of cells. What theory?

Cell theory

Science is subject to two characteristics

Changeable, repeatable

To which of the following animals are humans most closely related? a. dogs b. chimpanzees c. wolves d. monkeys

Chimpanzees

A _______ is an interpretation of the data collected during an experiment.

Conclusion

Controlled laboratory study. On the basis of further experimental results, scientists came to the ____ that sweetener S is safe if the diet contains a limited amount.

Conclusion

Controlled laboratory study. The group of mice that did not receive any substance S in their diet is called ____.

Control group

What data is an observation that students sitting in the first two rows of seats in class score higher on exams that the other students?

Correlation data

Controlled laboratory study. The _____ were used to construct a graph?

Data

What the scientist gathers when making observations.

Data

Which organ system functions to convert food particles to nutrient molecules? a. nervous b. digestive c. respiratory d. immune

Digestive

Interaction of organisms within a particular locale. What theory?

Ecosystem theory

A scientific theory in biology that suggest that all organisms arose from earlier forms.

Evolution

Humans are the product of _____, an ongoing process that has occurred over millions of years.

Evolution

Subjects exposed to variables are called

Experimental group

Only a single variable _______ is studied during an experiment

Experimental variable

By altering the natural ecosystems by human activities, we are causing the _____ of many species of organisms.

Extinction

When observation are gathered, the next step is to

Formulate a hypothesis

Organisms inherit coded information. What theory?

Gene theory

Control group

Group who does not get the medicine

Organ systems help the body maintain ______, or steady state.

Homeostasis

Organ systems of the body operate together to help maintain. a. homeostasis b. body temperature c. reproductive status d. circulation

Homeostasis

We are biological organisms and share traits with all other living things, but we are different from all others because of our cultural heritage. What is meant by "cultural heritage"?

Humans learn from their parents and others how to act in a socially acceptable, civilized manner

Controlled laboratory study. The first _____ was not supported by the experimental results.

Hypothesis

What does a scientist test in an experiment.

Hypothesis

Humans are in the _____ Animalia.

Kingdom

The classification category following domain.

Kingdom

Most cells use the sugar glucose as an energy source.

Living things acquire materials and energy

All living things are composed of cells.

Living things are organized

A flounder is a flattened fish that lives at the bottom of bodies of water, while a tuna is a streamlined fish that swims in the open sea.

Living things have adaptations

Frogs have a life cycle that includes an egg, a larva that undergoes the process of metamorphosis, and an adult.

Living things reproduce and develop

Humans immediately remove their hands from a hot object.

Living things respond

What is the kingdom of bacteria?

Monera

Plants are unique among living things in that they are a. multicellular and absorb food b. unicellular and eat food c. multicellular and produce food d. all of the above

Multicellular and produce food

Process of science can best be described as a. objective b. subjective c. complex d. hard to comprehend

Objective

What is the process of scientific investigation?

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiments/Observations, Conclusion, Scientific Theory

Choose the highest level of organization. a. Cells b. Tissues c. Organs d. Organ systems

Organ systems

The bodies of multicellular creatures, such as humans, are highly ______.

Organized

Humans belong to the animal kingdom in the domain Eukarya. List the other three kingdoms in this domain.

Plants, fungi, protists

All of the members of the same species that occupy an area at the same time constitute an. a. community b. ecosystem c. population d. tribe

Population

All organisms of the same species belong to an _____ that inhabits a given area.

Population

How confident would you be in the result of an experiment reported to have a probability value of p<.01?

Pretty confident because p<.05 is acceptable

Species ____ to make offspring.

Reproduce

When humans _______, they create a copy of themselves and perpetuate the species.

Reproduce

Give an example of an area that cannot be subjected to the scientific method.

Science cannot prove the existence of God

Principle of evolution is

Scientific theory

What data is an analysis of the effect of caffeine intake on heart rate with a significance of p<.05?

Statistical data

A major scientific _____ is dependent on much experimentation.

Theory

Common descent with modification of form. What theory?

Theory of evolution

Organisms internal environment stays relatively constant. What theory?

Theory of homeostasis

Humans are made up of cells, grouped into _____, and then organs.

Tissues

True or False Valid scientific results should be repeatable by other scientific investigators

True

Humans and other organisms with a nerve cord protected by bone are ____.

Vertabrates

______, the group to which humans belong, have a nerve cord protected by a vertebral column.

Vertabrates

Unlike other organisms on earth, humans have a. a larger brain b. a vertebral column c. manual dexterity d. a cultural heritage

a cultural heritage

Which of the following responses would be initiated by the parasympathetic nervous system? a. increased respiration b. increased saliva production c. increased adrenalin release d. increased perspiration

b

Who is responsible for deciding how we use the fruits of science? a. scientists b. laypeople c. ministers d. All of the above e. Only b and c

d

Which of these is a value judgment? a. If the biodiversity of plants declines, we may miss the opportunity to find cures for various illnesses. b. It's wrong to kill plants because they are defenseless against humans. c. Due to the use of cars for transportation, air pollution has increased. d. People shouldn't use their cars because it increases air pollution. e. Only b and d are value judgments.

e

Purpose of experiment depend apon

many variables, some too difficult or impossible to identify