human body orientation
What is the skeletal system?
All the bones in the body and the tissues that connect them
What is the respiratory system?
This system keeps the body's cells supplied with oxygen & removes carbon dioxide as it is released from cells.
which ventral cavity subdivision has no bony protection?
abdominal
what body cavity is subdivided into 4 quadrants and nine regions?
abdomoniopelvic cavity
What does lateral mean?
away from the midline
What does deep mean?
away from the surface of the body
what is the area of the armpit called?
axillary
The esophagus and the trachea run side-by-side through the thorax. In which systems are these organs found? The esophagus belongs to the _______ system, and the trachea belongs to the _______ system.
digestive respiratory
what 2 organs are included in the pancreas?
digestive and endocrine
what organ system is responsible for providing nutrients?
digestive system
which of the following orientation terms have opposite meanings in humans?
distal and proximal
the cranial and spinal cavities are subdivisions of the ______ cavity
dorsal
What are the 2 major body cavities?
dorsal and ventral
what term best characterises the concept of homeostasis?
dynamic equilibrium - involves adapting responses to the ever- changing environment
the component of a control system that provides the means for the control centres response is called the __________
effector
what carries out the commands of a homeostatic control centre?
effector
The system that controls and coordinates the body through hormones is the:
endocrine
which organ system maintains a relatively slow-acting degree of control over most bodily functions?
endocrine
which set of regions in the abdminoopelvic cavity is medial?
epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric regions
true or false - proximal means farther from the origin of a body part
false
true or false - the endocrine system is the fast -acting body control system
false
true or false - the hypogastric region is directly superior to the umbilical region
false
What does distal mean?
farther from the point of attachment or from a given reference point
What does ventral mean?
front of the body
if a person has pulled a muscle in the inguinal region, where is this?
groin
the right and left iliac (inguinal) regions are lateral to the ________ region
hypogastric
which of the following statements are true about the location of the stomach
is located in the left upper quadrant
how does the cardiovascular system coordinate functions with other systems?
it distributes oxygen and nutrients to body cels and delivers wastes and carbon dioxide to disposal organs.
The epigastric region is __________ to the right hypochondriac region of the abdominopelvic cavity
medial
the central region of the thoracic cavity containing the heart is called ______?
mediastinum
What does proximal mean?
nearer to the point of attachment or to a given reference point
the ribs are located in the ______
right and left hypochondriac regions
in what quadrant is the gall bladder located?
right upper
What is the endocrine system?
serves to control body functions. Gland in the endocrine system secrete hormones that travel through the blood to organs throughout the body.
the system that functions in the storage of minerals, such as calcium, is called the _______ system
skeletal
What is the intergumentary system?
skin - helps regulate the body temperature
the dorsal body cavity houses the ______?
spinal cord and brain
A microscopic image shows a field of scattered cells intermixed with fibers. what levels of structural organisation is this?
tissue level
what does superior mean?
toward the head
what does dorsal mean?
towards the back or behind
what does medial mean?
towards the midline of the body
What does superficial mean?
towards the surface
true or false - the adrenals, pancreas, thyroid and parathyroids are glands of the endocrine system.
true
true or false - the thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominopelvic cavity by the diaphragm
true
true or false - there is no physical structure that separates the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity.
true
true or false- the lympathic system collects fluids leaked by the cardiovascular system and returns them to the bloodstream.
true
the navel is located in the _____ region of the abdominopelvic cavity
umbilical
is the navel a - inferior b - anterior c- ventral to the spine?
ventral
which system is most impacted by the body's need for normal atmospheric pressure?
respiratory system - air pressure determines the ability of lungs to take in and release air
what cavity is superior to the diaphragm?
thoracic cavity
name the 3 regions of the abdominopelvic cavity
- epigastric region - umbilical region - hypogastric region
what does the muscular system consist of?
- skeletal muscles - muscles of the heart - smooth muscles
put in order the elements in the control system
- stimulus - receptor - afferent pathway - control center - efferent pathway - effector - response
put in order the control centre for balance
- stimulus - receptor - input - control centre - output - response
Which of the following is the correct sequence, going from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body:
-chemical level -cellular level -tissue level -organ level -organ system level -organismal level
what is a normal body temperature?
37 degrees Celsius
The abdominopelvic cavity has __________ quadrants and __________ regions
4 quadrants 9 regions
What is the lymphatic system?
Consists of lymph nodes and lymph vessels that carry lymph (a clear fluid right in antibodies).
what is the muscular system?
Consists of skeletal muscles, tendons that connect muscles to bones, and ligaments that attach bones together to form joint
What is the anatomical position?
Facing forward, palms facing forward, supine.
What is the digestive system?
consists of all organs from mouth to the anus involved in the ingestion and breakdown or processing of food.
what is the cavity that houses the brain?
cranial
is the thoracic cavity inferior or superior to the abdominopelvic cavity?
superior
the thoracic cavity is _________ to the abdominopelvic cavity.
superior
what is the main function the respiratory system?
supply the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide
What is the urinary system?
the excretory (urinary) system helps maintain the water & electrolyte balance in the body. regulates the acid-base balance in the blood. removes other cellular wastes.
the lungs and heart are situated in the ________ body cavity
thoracic
