Human Development Test 2

According to your text, some researchers believe that autism spectrum disorder may be due to ______.

Abnormal development of the corpus callosum

Hong was playing under the kitchen table when they stood up suddenly and bumped their head. Hong pointed at the table and sternly said, "mean table!" Hong is demonstrating Piaget's concept of __________

Animism; the belief of many children that natural objects (clouds or trees) are alive and have same characteristics as human

Barta's usual bedtime is 8:30pm and their parents enforce this rule. One evening, barta is watching an education program that ends at 9. they ask their parents if they can stay up to watch the end of the show. Their parents agree as long as they get up in time for school. Which parenting style is this?

Authoriative; high warm, moderate strict with discussion, moderate expectations

________ is a collection of injuries sustained by a child as a result of repeated mistreatment or beating to include but not limited to prior broken bones on X rays, burn patterned and scars

Battered Child Syndrome

Braiden, a 6-year-old, can correctly name objects, catch a ball and throw it, and write the alphabet in proper sequence. Their younger sibling prateek is much less speedy and skillful in all of these areas. What is the BEST explanation for Braiden's superior performance?

Braiden's brain has experienced greater myelination than prateek's

Evelina hits or kicks sharma on the playground nearly every day. They also encourage other children to laugh at sharma's attempts to kick a ball. Evelina is using ______ aggression against sharma.

Bullying

In industrialized nations like the United States and Canada, which nutrients are MOST often lacking in a child's diet

Calcium, iron, zinc

"You are your mom's daughter, right?" Grandpa asked Beatriz "Yes!" Beatriz eagerly answered. "well, your mom is my daughter," grandpa replied. "No! She's my mommy!" Beatriz exclaimed. Beatriz is demonstrating which piagetian limitation?

Centration

The idea that human development is an ongoing, ever-changing interaction between the body, mind, and every aspect of the environment reflects the ______.

Dynamic-system approach

Regine and their mother were shopping for a birthday gift for regine's father. "How about this? Daddy would love it!" Regine exclaimed, showing their mother a pink and purple toy horse with flowing mane and tail. Regine's belief that their father would enjoy a toy that regine themselved would enjoy is an example of _______

Egocentrism

________ is the understanding of other people's feelings and concerns

Empathy

A child's ability to add new vocabulary words very quickly by placing them in mental categories according to their perceived meaning is called _________

Fast-mapping

Oliver and Onesiphoros are playing at the park and Marcella wants to play with the ball that OLvier has. Oliver decides to share the ball with marcella. This is associated with which aspect of executive functioning?

Flexinbility

Yishai dropped a tiny spot of ketchup in their pants during lunch. Even though their teacher was able to completely remove the spot, Yishai cries hysterically and says that they want to go home because the outfit is ruined. Yishai's reaction is an example of ______

Irreversibility

Golzar's parents neglected them, and the court determined that Golzar needed to be removed from their care while their parents dealt with the issues that led to the neglect. Golzar was placed with their aunt, who provided _______ care.

Kinship; not taking them into foster care, take them to another adult that is a relative.

according to the textbook and texas law, you are a ______ and required to report any possible maltreatment of a child.

Mandated reporter

Tanner demonstartes warmth and nurturance toward their children. They do not believe in punishment of any sort and do not have any rules for their children. Their parenting style is ________.

Permissive; high warm, not strict(rare), low expectations

chaim, age 4, speaks differently to their baby brother than to their teacher. This indicates that chaim understands some of the practical uses of language. Chaim is developing an understanding of: ____

Pragmatics

Prateek is pregnant and currently has a tooth infection. This can lead to which of these problems?

Preterm birth

Kallias frequently remind their child of their positive accomplishments. As a result, their child may develop

Protective optimism; helps children try new things, initiative advances learning

Three girls spread a rumor that 7-year old regna is a bed-wetter who still uses a pacifier. This is an example of _________ aggression

Relational; verbally destroys self-esteem

As Juan and their father, Carlos, put together a puzzle for the first time, Carlos begins by showing Juan how to locate the outside pieces of the puzzle first. Once Juan starts to get the idea, Carlos gradually withdraws their support, allowing Juan to take more responsibility. Carlos is demonstrating Vygotsky's concept of ________.

Scaffolding

parnel, olja, and chan are playing dress-up. They are all princesses and have built a castle out of cardboard boxes and colored paper. what type of play are the three children engaging in?

Sociodramatic play; children act out various roles and plots(4)

______ is a major problem that contributes to obesity and tooth decay

Sugar

A few days ago, linh's parents disciplined them because they refused to eat the green beans. Today, when teir parents announced that they were going to get a divorce, linh cried, "is it because I was bad? I'll be good!" linh's conclusion that their failure to eat green beans is the reason their parents are getting divorced reflects the concept of ________

Theory-theory

which of these acts would be considered child maltreatment?

a caregiver leaving a child alone while going to the store

Child abuse is defined as _____.

a deliberate act that is harmful to the child's physical, emotional, or sexual well-being

after seeing their new haircut for the first time, Tania began crying incosolably. They cried, "You turned me into a boy!" Tania's statement is an example of ______

a focus on apperance

Viraj is 5 years old and is on a filed trip with their preschool. When they have a question, they can't help but blurt it out, often interruption other. While this may come across as rude, it is likely related to ____

a lack of inhibition

Preoperational intelligence

allows children to think in symbols

The teenagers expressed their _________ for the school by vandalizing the gym.

antipathy; children express a strong dislike for some people

while working on a coloring sheet, 5 year old Aliya can be heard whispering, "color this one blue. Stay in the lines. Oh, yellow would be pretty." According to Vygotsky, aliya utterances are ________.

called private speech

Iodocus is an angry 5-year-old girl. They might stop themselves from hitting the other child they are angry with because they have developed ________.

emotion regulation; the ability to inhibit some emotions and adjust to the emotions of others. (controlling the expression of feelings)

Four year old alina wants to play with their brother ewoud's trucks. ewoud is 6, and they tell alina they can't play with them because they're a girl. Ewoud's refusal is based on their _________.

gender schema

Poor oral health during childhood can lead to all of these EXCEPT

heart attacks

Natalie is four years old. If Natalie is like other typically developing children of this age, they should be able to _______.

hop on either foot

a child having an imaginary friend is an example of _______

intrinsic motivation; thought to advance creativity

Draco spends hours at a time playing with their doll. They give the doll a bath, dress it, feed it, and pretend to change its diaper. Draco is ________ to play with the doll

intrinsically motivated; thought to advance creativity, innovation and emotional well-being to pursue a goal

which environmental substance has been shown to reduce intelligence and increase behavioral problems in young children?

lead

which area of the brain is involved in both procastination and impulsivity?

left dorsolateral prefontal cortex

Idris, age 4, visited the city zoo, pointed to a zebra, and exclaimed, "Look at the horse with stripes" In describing the zebra, idris used

logical extension

The bilingual brain may provide some resistance to _____

neurocognitive disorder due to alzheimer's disease

at pre-school, 4-year old finnian rarely joins their peers in play. Instead, finnian tends to carefully observe their classmates as they transition from one play center to the next. According to mildred parten, finnian is engaged in __________ play.

onlooker; a child observers other children play (2)

elias an manley are both building with construction bricks. They are sitting apart, each with their own set of bricks. They are engaged in ________ play.

parallel; children play similar ways but not together(3)

According to Lev Vygotsky, a child's first guided participation is provided by a mentor who is MOST likely a ________

parent

During a long car trip, Nathalie and Evelina asked "are we there yet?" so many times that their parent began covering their ears. The children were exhibiting _______.

perservation; sticking to one thought or action

many developmentalists believe that _______ is the most productive as well as the most enjoyable activity that children undertake

play

arni donates monies collected from art work to dells children hospital. This is an example of _______.

prosocial behavior; helpfulness and kindness without any obvious personal benefit.

which of these is an example of "secondary prevention"

pushing a child out of the way of a falling ladder

The preeminent psychosocial accomplishment between the ages of 2 and 6 is learning when and how to _______.

regulate emotions

Speech serves a _____ function, as mentors guide mentees in their zone of proximal development, learning numbers, recalling memories, and following routines.

social mediation

when jawahir sees their kindergarten teacher in the grocery store, they are amazed to see them outside of school. Jawahir's surprise is an example of ______

static reasoning

Only after a child has developed theory of mind they ________

tell a lie

Zlate, age 4, has recently begun coordinating the two sides of their body more efficiently. This improvement can be attributed to ______.

the brain's lateralization

what is gray matter in the brain?

the neurons themselves

Why are children drawn toward eating lead-based paint chips?

the paint chips taste sweet

Tashi understands that their parent is crying because their friend died. This shows that tashi has developed _______.

theory of mind

Arni has just required their 4 year old child to sit quietly, without toys or any form of play, for a few minutes after their child delibertely poured juice on teh floor. This is an example of _____

time-out

Helle is 5 years old and often brags about their soccer playing skills. At what age will they likely stop bragging?

when they are about 7 years old; start to like modesty