HUN 1201 Chapter 13
Selenium roles in body
ANTIOXIDANT enzymes control thyroid hormone part of protein cells
Which of the following is a feature of iodide utilization?
A deficiency or a toxicity leads to enlargement of the thyroid gland
Which of the following describes a relationship between leptin and energy balance?
Blood levels of leptin usually correlate directly with body fat.
Which of the following is the most common cause of dental fluorosis ?
Eating fluoride containing dental products
Which of the following nutrients can play a role as antioxidants in the body?
Selenium
iron storage in small intestine
ferritin
Which of the following is the best food sources for fluoride?
fluoridated tap water
which of the following nutrients is crucial in maintaining blood health
folate
Which of the following can be caused by iron defiency?
anemia
Heme Iron
found in animals, higher bioavailability
Nonheme Iron
found in plants and animals
what does iodine deficiency cause?
goiter: thyroid gland enlarges mental retardation
roles of iron in the body:
immune function oxygen carrier (hemoglobin) oxygen storage (myoglobin) switches between ferric and ferrous
Which of the following is a characteristic of iron transport?
Transferrin in the blood carries iron to the bone marrow
which disorder is associated with copper toxicity?
Wilson's disease
Vitamin B-12 is also called
cyanocobalamin
zinc deficiency effects include...
impaired immune response central nervous system damage growth retardation
What does the GI tract convert iodine in food into?
iodide - which is readily absorbed by the body
Goiter is caused primarily by a deficiency of
iodine
Which trace mineral deficiency is most common?
iron
which is the most important trace mineral?
iron
HEAVY METALSSSSS
lead (indestructible, displaces nutrient minerals) mercury: found in seafood
what are some food sources of iron?
meats, fish, poultry, eggs, legumes, flour
Which of the following is a characteristic of iron utilization?
most of the body's iron is recycled
where is fluoride found?
mostly in teeth; best source in fluoridated water toxicity causes permanently stained teeth - caused by swallowing fluoride-containing dental products
where are the highest concentrations of zinc found?
muscle and bone
myoglobin
oxygen containing transport found in muscle tissue
hemoglobin
oxygen transport found in red blood cells
roles of iodine in the body:
regulate body temperature metabolic rate reproduction and growth blood cell production nerve and muscle function
sources of iodine
seafood, iodized salt
anemia
severe depletion of iron stores - low hemoglobin concentration
selenium food sources include...
soil, meat, milk, eggs, nuts
roles of zinc in the body:
supports the work of hundreds of proteins in transcription stabilizes DNA immune function growth and development release of insulin thyroid hormone function
iron transport protein
transferrin
iron absorption is enhanced by
vitamin C
Which of the following foods provides heme iron which has higher bioavailability?
Chicken
Which of the following is known to enhance iron absorption?
Foods containing vitamin C