hurst fluid and electrolyte post test

A client is admitted to the cardiac floor in heart failure. The lung sounds reveal crackles bilaterally, and the BP is 160/98. The client has been on diuretics at home and the potassium level is 3.3 mEq/L (3.3 mmol/L). Which diuretic would the nurse anticipate being prescribed for this client to minimize potassium loss?

1. Spironolactone 2. Furosemide 3. Bumetanide 4. Hydrochlorothiazide correct: 1 spironolactone is a potassium sparing dieretic

A client is admitted to the ICU with diabetes insipidus following a head injury. Which finding would the nurse anticipate in this client?

1. Low serum hematocrit 2. High serum glucose 3. High urine protein 4. Low urine specific gravity pt is dry inside, all the urine that is coming out of them is extremely dilute

A nurse has performed teaching with a client diagnosed with Cushing's disease. Which statement by the client would best indicate understanding of the teaching?

1. "The increased level of ADH will cause my potassium level to be too high." 2. "I will be retaining sodium and water due to the increased amount of aldosterone." 3. "I will be losing lots of fluid due to the hormonal imbalance I have." 4. "I will feel jittery and nervous due to the elevated thyroxine levels." correct: 2 Cushing's is a disease that results in increased secretion of aldosterone. Having too much aldosterone causes the client to be at risk for fluid volume excess (FVE) due to the increased retention of both sodium and water

A client is admitted with prolonged nausea and vomiting. The client's admission sodium level is 149 mEq/L (149 mmol/L). What action by the nurse would be most appropriate at this time?

1. Administer 3% NS at 150 mL/hr 2. Perform neurological assessment 3. Increase oral intake of sodium 4. Decrease fluid intake correct: 2- think neuro when it comes to low or high sodium. normal sodium levels are 135-145

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client newly diagnosed with fluid retention and heart failure. What should the nurse advise the client to avoid?

1. Broiled, fresh fish 2. Effervescent soluble medications 3. Seasoning with lemon pepper 4. Chicken noodle soup 5. Deli-ham sandwiches correct: 2,4,5 avoid foods that are processed, canned, medications that are effervescent soluble, and iv fluids with sodium

A client was admitted with reports of prolonged diarrhea. The client's admission potassium level was 3.3 mEq/L (3.3 mmol/L) and is receiving an IV of D5 ½ NS with 20 mEq KCL at 125 mL/hr. The UAP reports an 8 hour urinary output of 200 mL. The previous 8 hour urinary output was 250 ml. What should be the nurse's priority action?

1. Encourage the client to increase PO fluid intake. 2. Administer a supplemental PO dose of potassium. 3. Stop the IV potassium infusion. 4. Administer polystyrene sulfonate PO correct: 3 since urine output is decreasing that means the pt is retaining potassium

A client with chronic liver disease has ascites and is being treated with an albumin infusion. What should the nurse anticipate and monitor in this client?

1. Fluid volume excess 2. Cellular edema 3. Severe hypotension 4. Decreasing CVP- number increases in FVE correct: 1 albumin is a hypertonic solution meaning it pulls fluid into vascular space

A client is admitted following a severe burn. What changes related to fluid status would the nurse anticipate?

1. Fluid volume excess 2. Hypovolemia- yes pt will be hypovolemic 3. Third spacing- burns? 4. Increased urine output 5. Low CVP- numbers go down with hypovolemia 6. Increased urine specific gravity- pt is dehydrated, urine will be concentrated correct: 2,3,5,6

The nurse is preparing to administer magnesium sulfate IV to an alcoholic client with hypomagnesemia. Prior to the initiation of IV magnesium, which assessment data would be important for the nurse to document?

1. Liver function 2. Respiratory rate 3. Calcium levels 4. Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRs) 5. Urinary output correct: 2,,4,5- magnesium is a sedative so focus on the things you wouldn't want to drop super low. It is also excreted through the kidneys so you want to make sure your kidneys are working and your pt has appropriate urine output

A client is admitted with hypocalcemia. Which treatment would the nurse anticipate for this client?

1. PO Calcium- yes 2. Rapid IV Push Calcium- never push calcium 3. Vitamin D- vitamin d helps improve calcium absorption 4. Sevelamer hydrochloride- phosphate binder, helps phosphorus go down so calcium can go up 5. Phosphate supplements- they have an inverse relationship correct: 1, 3,4