HUSH tests combined

The 1887 Dawes Severalty Act was passed to: a. Help Native Americans retain their culture. b. Grant immediate citizenship to Native Americans. c. Compel Native Americans to adopt Western culture and ideas of individual land ownership. d. Compensate Native Americans for prior land grabs by the United States.

c. Compel Native Americans to adopt Western culture and ideas of individual land ownership.

The federal agency charged with feeding and clothing war refugees in the South was known as the a. Reconstruction Bureau b. Federal Office of Reconstruction c. Freedmen's Bureau d. Reparations Authority

c. Freedmen's Bureau

Under the __________- a settler could claim public land by paying a small fee, improving the property, and living on it for five years. a. open range policy b. allotment plan c. Homestead Acts d. Dawes Act

c. Homestead Acts

What are Jim Crow laws? a. Laws that limited the actions of groups such as the Ku Klux Klan. b. Laws created to ensure equal rights. c. Laws that segregated public accommodations such as schools and railroad cars. d. Laws created by the federal government that were not enforced by the states.

c. Laws that segregated public accommodations such as schools and railroad cars.

Reconstruction became less of a concern for Northerners in the 1870s for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: a. The impeachment of Andrew Johnson. b. Northern frustration with the lack of progress in the South. c. A lengthy economic depression. d. Scandals in President Grant's administration.

a. The impeachment of Andrew Johnson.

From the 1880s to the 1930s, the dominant United States government policy toward American Indians was to try to a. strengthen tribal authority b. preserve native languages and customs c. encourage migration to Canada d. assimilate them into white culture

d. assimilate them into white culture

During the 1870s, thousands of Black settlers migrated to Kansas and Missouri from the South as part of the a. Exoduster Movement. b. Second Great Awakening c. Freedmen's Resettlement Plan. d. California Gold Rush.

a. Exoduster Movement.

Members of Congress known as ______________ , opposed Andrew Johnson's Presidential Reconstruction plan as too lenient. a. Radical Republicans b. Conservative Democrats c. Lincoln's Army d. Unionists

a. Radical Republicans

Legal codes known as ___________were intended to maintain the racial status quo in the South by denying Black Southerners basic economic rights. a. black codes b. apartheid c. Jim Crow laws d. sundown laws

a. black codes

Which of the following groups was most disappointed by the 15th Amendment? a. The Republican party b. Advocates for women's rights c. Freedmen d. White Southerners who supported racial equality

b. Advocates for women's rights

"It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, November 1863 After 1863, which of the following most fulfilled the "new birth of freedom" that the excerpt refers to? a. The compromise that resolved the election of 1876 b. Passage of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments c. The establishment of the Ku Klux Klan and similar organizations d. The Supreme Court's recognition of "separate but equal" in the case of the Plessy v. Ferguson

b. Passage of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments

Farmers who farmed land belonging to another landowner and paid rent with a portion of their crops were called a. Free soilers b. Sharecroppers c. Tenant farmers d. Scalawags

b. Sharecroppers

Which region added several new states in part due to the growth of gold and silver mining after the 1850s? a. The Southern Plains b. The Mountain West c. The Deep South d. The Midwest

b. The Mountain West

"The question is simply this: can a negro whose ancestors were imported into this country and sold as slaves become a member of the political community formed and brought into existence by the Constitution of the United States, and as such become entitled to all the rights, and privileges, and immunities, guaranteed by that instrument to the citizen, one of which rights is the privilege of suing in a court of the United States in the cases specified in the Constitution? . . . It is the judgment of this court that it appears . . . that the plaintiff in error is not a citizen . . . in the sense in which that word is used in the Constitution." United States Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger B. Taney, Dred Scott v. Sandford, 1857 Which of the following invalidated the decision in the excerpt? a. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 b. The 15h Amendment c. The 14th Amendment d. The 13th Amendment

c. The 14th Amendment

In return for helping Rutherford B. Hayes win the presidency, the Republicans promised the Democrats that: a. They would stop enforcing laws that suppressed the activities of the Ku Klux Klan. b. They would provide economic relief for sharecroppers. c. They would end the occupation of the South by federal troops. d. They would uphold the practice of "separate but equal" public accommodations.

c. They would end the occupation of the South by federal troops.

Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping in the late nineteenth-century South? a. The termination of the control exerted by white landowners over former slaves b. A major redistribution of land ownership c. A diversification of crops d. A cycle of debt and depression for Southern sharecropping farmers

d. A cycle of debt and depression for Southern sharecropping farmers

The result of the disputed Presidential election of 1876 was important because it a. Was the last victory for Radical Republicans b. Demonstrated the political power of Black Southerners. c. Marked the beginning of a long period of victories by Democratic presidential candidates d. Signaled the end of Reconstruction

d. Signaled the end of Reconstruction

The actions of Pap Singleton led to a. A violent uprising by Black sharecroppers. b. The expansion of relief programs for Black Southerners by the federal government. c. A program for reparations for formerly enslaved persons. d. The migration of thousands of Black Southerners to Kansas.

d. The migration of thousands of Black Southerners to Kansas.

Smaller ranching operations in the Souther Plains declined as a result of all of the following, except a. price decreases caused by over-supply b. the invention of barbed wire c. severe winter storms 1880s d. the passage of regulations to regulate the meat industry

d. the passage of regulations to regulate the meat industry