HW # 1 (ch 1) Solve the Problem: Smallpox: To Be Or Not To Be?

Part B - Cowpox vs. Smallpox Vaccination came about when Jenner proved that infection with cowpox led to immunity for smallpox. How does vaccination with cowpox offer immunity to smallpox, a different and more serious disease?

Cowpox and smallpox share very common protein structures .

Part A- Order of Events Smallpox is the only disease to date that has been completely eradicated from the human population. This is to the collective offorts of researchers, clinicians, and the World Health Organization. The history of this eradication is important and may lead to the eradication of other diseases that plague humans

Earliest event Patients variolized against smallpox Jenner observes milkmaids have immunity to smallpox. Jenner observes milkmaids have immunity to smallpox. Vaccinia virus discovered in vaccines . Campaign to eradicate smallpox begins. Latest event

Part E - Eradication , It Still Possible ? Since smallpox has been eradicated, the world has set its eyes on other diseases. However, this task not an easy one. It will never be possible to eradicate every disease in the world, but it may be possible to knock out a few more The World Health Organization is searching for another disease to eradicate. Which of the following will be the most likely candidate?

Polio only infects humans and is almost always symptomatic.

PartC - About the Pathogen All viruses are different. They have different shapes, sizes, and methods for infection. Smallpox virus belongs to a family of viruses known as the poxviruses. Like you and your family they share similarities , but they are also different in their own special way. Place the correct characteristics for the smallpox virus in the bin marked "Smallpox virus." Place all other characteristics not related to the smallpox virus in the bin marked "Influenzavirus."

Smallpox virus: Complex DNA virus Replicates in cytoplasm Large virus Influenzavirus: Simple Replicates in nucleus RNA virus Small virus

Part D - How the Virus is Spread For viruses to thrive on Earth, they need to keep moving from host to host. For this reason, a virus must use techniques for infecting new hosts and then spreading to others. Smallpox is very capable of spreading from one person to another. Below is a list of ways viruses can spread from one person to another. Place the ways which smallpox most frequently spreads Into the bin labeled "Most Frequent Transmission," place less frequent ways to transmit smallpox in the bin labeled "LeasFrequent Transmission," and place all other methods in the bin labeled "Transmission Unlikely."

Transmission Unlikely: Eating undercooked beef Drinking unchlorinated water Sexual intercourse Less Frequent Transmission: Soiled sheets Shaking hands Most Frequent Transmission: Sneezing Coughing