HW 8 - Chapter 12

39. The ________ effect focuses on the influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment.

A. Asch

32. Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias? A. Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams. B. Leonard gets a bad grade in his psychology class and a good grade in his sociology class, so he believes he should study harder to prepare for his next psychology exam. C. Leonard gets bad grades in sociology and psychology, so he switches his major to biology because he will like it more. D. Leonard gets good grades in sociology and psychology, so he sends his professors a card thanking them for what good professors they are.

A. Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams.

21. Which of the following is the best example of peripheral route persuasion? A. anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use B. anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year C. encouraging your parents to quit smoking by switching to chewing tobacco, then convincing them to chew less tobacco each week D. supporting your sister who has decided to go cold turkey in order to quit smoking

A. anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

33. Which statement about groupthink is correct?

B. Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus.

36. Who was the social psychology professor at Yale who designed an obedience study in order to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis?

B. Milgram

26. Mona works at a bank. When Luis, a Colombian man, arrives to drop off his paycheck she pretends to be busy and directs him to another teller. She does this whenever a non-White person wants assistance. This is an example of ________.

B. discrimination

24. Which type of persuasion involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item?

B. foot-in-the-door

30. Based on the discussion in your text, which of the following strategies would effectively reduce prejudice between groups? A. assigning one group to supervise the other group in completing an assigned task B. having groups meet under equal terms and cooperate on a task C. having highly educated members of one group teach the children of the other group D. keeping intergroup contact to a minimum

B. having groups meet under equal terms and cooperate on a task

22. ________ refers to prejudice and discrimination against individuals based solely on their same-sex orientation.

B. homophobia

37. Which type of social influence involves conformity to a group norm prompted by the belief that the group is competent and has the correct information?

B. informational

35. Which statement about social psychology is most accurate?

C. People's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social situations

34. The Milgram experiment required the participation of a(n) ________ to play the part of the person being shocked because the experiment would be invalidated if the participant realized the electric shock treatment was faked.

C. confederate

28. Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-the-door technique of persuasion? A. anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use B. anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year C. getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether D. supporting your sister who has decided to go cold turkey in order to quit smoking

C. getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether

40. The ________ hypothesis is the ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve.

C. just-world

23. Which of the following strategies would effectively prevent groupthink from occurring? A. avoiding the development of any contingency plans B. having the group leader make his position known before discussion begins C. seeking outside opinions on group decisions D. voting publicly in front of group members

C. seeking outside opinions on group decisions

29. What was the major flaw in the Stanford prison experiment?

D. Zimbardo did not use a control group.

27. Suppose you hate reality shows, but you pretend to like them in order to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by your friends, who all love reality television. This is an example of ________ social influence.

D. normative

38. Which type of persuasion involves an indirect route that relies on association of peripheral cues to associate positivity with a message?

D. peripheral route

25. Who was Stanley Milgram?

D. social psychology professor at Yale who wanted to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis

31. Which of the following strategies would effectively reduce racism? A. teaching children to avoid situations that might lead them to witness racism B. teaching children to conform to social expectations that discourage racism in public but ignore racism as long as it is privately expressed C. teaching children to ignore racism until we have eliminated racism from our society D. teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism

D. teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism