HY 103 Inquizitive Ch 9

What role did freedom play in the concept of "manifest destiny"?

America was entitled to the whole continent because of its divine mission to spread freedom beyond its current borders.

Identify the statements that describe the experiences of free blacks in the nineteenth century.

Blacks faced widespread discrimination and were unable to find work as craftsmen or store clerks. Blacks constructed their own institutional life, by creating schools and churches.

Analyze the map below. What does it reveal about roads and canals in 1840?

By 1840, a network of roads connected the Atlantic coast to western states, including Indiana. Large portions of the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers could be navigated, allowing trade throughout the most western states. Ohio, New York, and Pennsylvania had a series of canals that allowed goods to be transported throughout the region.

Watch the author video featuring Eric Foner. Identify the statements that describe the internal borderland along the Ohio River.

Cultural connections, trade connections, and family connections transcended the border. There was more trade between people across the Ohio River than in most northern parts of their own states. It was the boundary between free and slavery societies.

Identify the statements that describe how textile mills transformed employment dynamics in the nineteenth century.

Entire families worked at some mills, with women and children contributing to the production of textiles. It was the first time in history that a large number of unmarried women left their homes to participate in the public war.

Identify why the following immigrant groups came to America in the nineteenth century.

Irish: They were fleeing the Great Famine which destroyed the potato crop that sustained the country. English: This country's movement for democracy failed and industry continued to expand unchecked. German: They were skilled craftsmen seeking to take advantage of economic opportunities and to establish themselves as shopkeepers or farmers.

After 1793, cotton production soared due to the invention of Eli Whitney's cotton gin. Identify how the bottom gin further changed the United States.

It allowed slavery to expand to the west and increased it in the south as profits were realized.

Identify the statements that describe the Second Great Awakening and its impact.

It democratized American christianity, making it a mass enterprise. Preachers stressed that individuals were "free agents" able to make their own choices, and stressed industry, sobriety, and self discipline. Alarmed by low church attendance, religious leaders organized religious revivals where they preached, warning of hell and promising salvation to converts.

Identify the statements that describe the American system of manufactures.

Led to the wide dispersion of mechanical skills throughout northern society. Introduced the mass production of parts that could be rapidly built into standardized products.

Drag the statements that describe the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints to the image of the temple below.

Members' practices of Posthumous baptism and polygamy proved controversial, and as a result demonstrated the limits of religious toleration in the country. The religion was founded by Joseph Smith, and the followers are often referred to as mormons. The church was democratic and allowed anyone-even african americans- to become members.

The development of factories changed the production of goods and the use of human labor. Identify the statements that describe how the market revolution changed society and the ways people worked.

People started arranging their day by the clock, and there was a clear delineation between work time and free time. Instead of a focus on individual craftsmanship, people worked together to assemble a finished product. Pay was based on an hourly or daily rate.

Identify how the following innovations contributed to the market revolution.

Railroads: Opened significant portions of the American interior to settlement, as well as stimulated iron manufacturing. Cotton gin: Separated the seed from the cotton and made growing and selling cotton possible on a large scale. Telegraph: Made immediate communication throughout the United States possible. Steamboat: Made upstream commerce possible, allowing rapid transport of goods by rivers and lakes.

Watch the author video featuring Eric Foner. Identify the statements that describe the market revolution.

Rapid change in the U.S. economy caused by territorial expansion enabled by improvements to transportation. Shift from self-sufficient farming to a national market. Creation of opportunities for economic improvement and the ability to get ahead.

Today, text messaging offers instant communication. In the 1830s Americans marveled at the ability of an invention to transmit messages across the country. What new technology allowed for instant connectivity?

Telegraph

Identify the statement that describes the shift from the ideology of "republican motherhood" to the cult of domesticity in the mid-nineteenth century.

The idealized image of a woman shifted from that of a mother of future citizens to that of a virtuous and obedient person dependent on her husband.

Identify the demands of the early labor movement.

The opportunity for free public education. The limit of working hours to ten hours a day. The end of imprisonment because of debts owed.

Everyone in the country did not embrace the market revolution. Identify the group of people who felt that its modern, streamlined, and scheduled system interfered with individual actions and growth.

Transcendentalists.

Watch the author video featuring Eric Foner. Identify the statements that describe westward expansion.

Westward expansion had been happening since the first settlers arrived and moved inland. The west emerged as its own distinct region, with its own culture, different from the south and New England. By supporting the west, politicians gained power.

Analyze the image below. What does it reveal about the contrast between how America viewed the West, and the reality of the West.

While Americans romanticized the west as a land of opportunity and promise, in reality it was rough and a difficult place to live.

Identify the statement that describes the mill girls.

Young, unmarried women from farm families who worked in the textile mills.