IEH Final Students Qs - Climate change & disease
Which of the following is not a way malaria can be transmitted? Anopheles mosquito Contaminated syringes Breast milk Blood transfusions
Answer: C
Which of the following is not known as a primary zoologic vector for hantavirus? A) cotton rat B) deer mouse C) wood mouse D) rice rat
Answer: C
Which tick species transmits the lyme disease bacterium to humans? a. lone star tick b. dog tick c. black-legged tick d. All of the above
Answer: C
Fill in the blanks The __(a)___ ___(b)____ virus is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes and is an epidemic in North America occurring during summertime into the fall. There is no specific treatment for this virus.
A) West B) Nile
Which of the following illnesses is NOT potentially transferred to humans by ticks? a) Hantaviruses b) Lyme Disease c) Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever d) Arboviral Encephalitides
ANSWER: A - Hantavirus is transmitted by rodent urine and droppings, all the others can be caused by ticks
The term _______ refers to "an infection or infectious disease transmissible under natural conditions from vertebrate animals to humans. a)Vector b)Zoonosis c)Vector borne infection d)Emerging infectious diseases
ANSWER: B, Zoonosis
Which of the following is the typical vector for Leishmaniasis? a) Rats b)Mosquitos c)Sand flies d) Fleas
ANSWER: C - a bite from sand flies can lead to leishmaniasis, whereas rats and fleas are associated with the plague, and mosquitos with malaria among other diseases
Which of these is not a type of influenza virus? Virus A Virus B Virus C Virus D
ANSWER: D, virus D
1) What disease causes a febrile rash, is vectored by mosquitoes, and has negative effects (such as microcephaly or brain abnormalities) on the birth of infected pregnant women? a. Zika virus b. Ebola virus c. Rift Valley fever d. Dengue fever
Ans) a
2) Which of the following diseases is not a vector-borne disease? a. Lyme disease b. Leishmaniasis c. cholera d. malaria
Ans) c
True/False: Mosquitoes transmit the Rift Valley fever (RVF) to domestic animals, including cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, who can then spread the disease to one another.
Ans. True.
What are the forms of leishmaniasis? a)visceral b)mucocutaneous c)cutaneous varieties d)Only a & c e)Only b & c f)All of the above
Ans. f
1) What is the main mode of transmission for arboviral diseases? a) Direct contact with infected animals b) Ingestion of contaminated food or water c) Blood-feeding arthropod vectors d) Person-to-person transmission
Answer 1) (c) Blood-feeding arthropod vectors
2) Which arthropod vector is associated with the transmission of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)? a) Mosquitoes b) Ticks c) Sand flies d) Biting midges
Answer 2) (b) Ticks
Which activities are the largest contributors of greenhouse gases? a)Deforestation b)Electricity generation c)Industry d)Transportation e)Landfills f)Agriculture
Answer B&D
Which country has emitted the most CO2 over time? In other words, which nation has the most responsibility for the greenhouse gases that are currently residing in the atmosphere? China USA Russia European Union Saudi Arabia
Answer USA
True or Flase: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a bacterial disease spread through the bite on an infected tick called Rickettsia Rckettsii. a) True b) False
Answer a) True Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is an acute febrile tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii.
Q1: What is the infectious agent for plague? a. Yersinia pestis b. Rickettsia rickettsii c. Bacillus anthracis d. Clostridium botulinum
Answer: A
What is Zoonosis? a) An infection or infectious disease transmission from vertebrate animals to humans b)An insect or any living carrier that transports an infectious agent from an individual to it's food or immediate surroundings c)Several classes of vector-borne infections each with epidemiological features determined by the interactions between human and infectious host d)An infectious agent that starts at a zoo
Answer: A
Which is the deadliest form of malaria? a. Plasmodium falciparum b. P. vivax c. P. malariae d. P. ovale
Answer: A
which one the examples of zoonoses and vector burn diseases is bacterial ? A. Anthrax B. Dengue fever C. Malaria D. None of the above
Answer: A
True or False: Psittacosis, a bacterium called Chlamydia psittaci, is most frequently transmitted to humans by pet birds such as parrots, parakeets, macaws, and cockatiels.
Answer: A. Bird owners, aviary workers, and veterinarians are at risk of contracting this, however typically immunocompromised persons in these groups are most at risk. Psittacosis can also be transmitted by poultry such as turkeys and ducks.
What is the disease caused by Phlebovirus? This disease is transmitted among mosquitoes and is commonly found in cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels. Symptoms include fever, headache, severe body aches, light sensitivity, and weight loss. a. Rift Valley Fever b. Malaria c. West Nile Virus d. Zika virus
Answer: A. Rift Valley Fever
What happened during the Anthrax terrorist attack? a) An infectious form of anthrax was sent from another country b) Anthrax was mailed vis the US mail system to government officials c) Anthrax was contracted and brought in by vacation-goers d) Anthrax was spread to livestock so the crops can get infected
Answer: B
Which of the following is an example of a pathogen vector? A sandwich A rat A refrigerator A washing machine
Answer: B
Which of the following vector-borne diseases is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted to humans by fleas from infested rats? Malaria Plague Leishmaniasis Lyme disease
Answer: B
Which one the terms below talks about "Vector-Borne Infection" ? A. infections each with environmental features determined by the interaction between the infectious agent and the human host on the one hand and the vector on the other. B. infections each with epidemiological features determined by the interaction between the infectious agent and the human host on the one hand and the vector on the other. C. The term vector-borne infection refers to several classes of vector-borne diseases each with bacterial features determined by the interaction between the environmental agent and the human host on the one hand and the vector on the other. D. infections each with epidemiological features determined by the interaction between the infectious agent and the human host on the one hand and the environment on the other.
Answer: B
Why are not all mosquitos deadly (choose any or all that apply)? A.) Some of them don't want to be B.) They may or may not be carriers of malaria, and if they are the range of effects is broad depending on form of malaria C.) Different individuals have malarial immunity making them uniquely suited to managing an infection D.) Other zoonotic diseases will usually kill people infected by malaria before the malaria
Answer: B and C
Which of the following is not a main clinical symptom of arboviruses? A) Acute central nervous system illness. B) A characteristic lesion, and an inflamed papule, on the skin forms after incubation, leading to a scar after healing. C) Acute self-limited fevers, possibly with rash and/or headache. D) Hemorrhagic fevers and high case-fatality rates. E) Polyarthritis and rash, possibly with fever.
Answer: B, which refers to common symptoms shared by the forms of leishmaniasis.
Question 1: Which is NOT an example of a Zoonotic Disease? a. Rabies b. Influenza c. Anthrax d.Cryptococcosis
Answer: B. Influenza.
Relative to climate, why is malaria mostly in Central Africa? a)The climate makes the soil more conducive to sustain malaria b)The climate is adequate for the Andes mosquito c)The climate is adequate for the Anopheles mosquito d)The climate is adequate to sustain the Plasmodium parasite
Answer: C
The Monkeypox virus is from the Orthopoxvirus genus. This genus includes all of the following viruses EXCEPT a) Smallpox virus b) Vaccinia virus c) Ebola virus d) Cowpox virus
Answer: C) Ebola- all of the other options are part of the Orthopoxvirus genes, while Ebola is in the family Filoviridae, in the genus Ebolavirus.
How is Rift Valley Fever transmitted from mosquitoes to humans? a) From a mosquito bite b) Through drinking from contaminated water sources c) Encountering the blood of an infected animal d) Getting bit by an infected animal
Answer: C) Encountering the blood or bodily fluids of infected animals through slaughtering or handling infected meat.
What is a zoonotic disease? A.) Disease that spreads from humans to animals B.) Disease that spreads from animals to humans C.) Both D.) Neither
Answer: C, zoonotic diseases describe all diseases based from humans to animals and from animals to humans
Which animal is the most likely to infect humans with Rabies in the United States after the 1960's? a)Foxes b)Dogs c)Bats d)Raccoon
Answer: C. Before 1960's most rabies cases were from domestic animals but thanks to vaccination programs, 90% of rabies occurs in wild animals and in the US people are most likely to be exposed to rabies through infected bats. However, globally, outside of the US, humans are most likely to be exposed to rabid dogs.
Where are cases of malaria not commonly found throughout the world? A) Africa B) Oceania C) South and Central America D) South and Southeast Asia E) North America
Answer: E.
True or False: DDT was not effective in mitigating malaria transmission via mosquitoes
Answer: False
Which bacterium is the causative agent of Lyme disease? a. Borrelia burgdorferi b. Yersinia pestis c. Escherichia coli d. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Answer:A
What is one practical step that may be taken to stop the spread of diseases carried by vectors? A) Not being vaccinated B) Getting rid of the vectors' natural habitats C) Using bed nets and insect repellant D) Promoting intimate contact with sick animals
Answer:C
Which of the following describes how climate change may affect the transmission of diseases carried by vectors? A) Disease vectors' geographic range expands B) Seasonality of disease transmission changes C) Vector breeding habitats decrease D) Disease outbreaks become more frequent and intense
Answer:C
