Immune

Complement facilitates inflammation by activating basophils and mast cells and by attracting macrophages and neutrophils. True or False

True

MHC class II molecules are loaded with exogenous antigen after the antigen has been digested into fragments within a phagolysosome. True or False

True

Some antibodies cross the placenta. True or False

True

The microglia of the brain are macrophages. True or False

True

The immunity that occurs as a result of a vaccination is _________ immunity.

Active

Most bacterial species are pathogenic. True or False

False

Which cell type is targeted by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Helper T-Lymphocyte

Some biologists have criticized the traditional analogy of the immune system to an army, arguing that it is unnecessarily militaristic. They have proposed other analogies that compare immune functioning to gardening or housekeeping. Develop one of these or create your own analogy for immune function and describe the roles of helper T-lymphocytes, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and B-lymphocytes using language that fits your metaphor.

My analogy will be War. The pathogens may be the enemy we are fighting agaisnt. Neutrophils and Macrophages would be the soldiers who attacks first because thats what they are taught to do. Neutrophils consume the bacteria and then die. T-cells and B- cells may be the Colonel, General or Admiral because they are the leaders and know how to attack properly or give ideas on how to defeat the enemy. Cytotoxic lymphocites might be like the doctors or nurses that are sent to war to help soldiers who are attacked but instead of killing the cells like the cytotoc kills cancer cells they fix the injuries. At the end the pus may be the aftermath of the war.

Small fragments of infectious proteins that cause disease in nervous tissue are known as ________.

Prions

Which part of an antibody attaches to an antigen?

The variable region

"Booster" shots are required following certain vaccinations because the memory B-lymphocytes produced in response to the initial vaccination don't survive indefinitely.

True

A delayed response to a specific antigen is provided by

adaptive immunity

Inflamed tissue feels warm due to

increased blood flow and increased metabolic activity

Defensins and lysosomes are both part of ________ immunity and function as ___________.

innnate and attackers of phatogenic cells

Opsonization involves

marking a target for phagocytosis, and it is facilitated by interaction of the Fc region of the antibody with a phagocyte.

Which type of antigen would have the greatest immunogenicity?

one that is large, complex, foreign, and abundant

Activation of lymphocytes occurs in

secondary lymphatic structures