Immunology Slide deck questions

A 25-year-old female with a history of penicillin allergy unknown to her physician was given a single injection of penicillin for syphilis. Within minutes, she developed diffuse urticaria, tachycardia, and hypotension. The patient has experienced: a. Anaphylaxis b. Anergy c. Antibody-mediated cytotoxicity d. Asthma e. Contact sensitivity

a. Anaphylaxis

Which is true about pathogenesis severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)? a. There are alterations in numbers and function of T and B cells due to a defect in differentiation of lymphogenic stem cells. b. T cell receptor signaling is defective c. Is caused by the HIV virus d. A mutation in a gene involved in actin filament inhibits the ability to mount an IgM response e. Is primarily related to malnutrition

a. There are alterations in numbers and function of T and B cells due to a defect in differentiation of lymphogenic stem cells.

When a patient has had TB but the PPD is negative, the patient has? a. Tolerance b. Anergy c. Lack of memory d. Atopy

b. Anergy

A 60-year-old woman has chronic dryness of the mouth and eyes. What autoantibody would likely be positive? a. Anti-Jo I b. Anti-SS-A c. Anti-Sm d. Anti-CCP

b. Anti-SS-A

Which of the following molecules is responsible for phagocytic damage to bacteria? a. IL-I b. H2O2 c. TNF alpha d. Catalase

b. H2O2

A 21-year-old woman has a history since childhood of recurrent episodes of swelling of the submucosal and subcutaneous tissue of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Her C1 inhibitor level is less than 5% of the reference value. These findings support a diagnosis of: a. DiGeorge syndrome b. Hereditary angioedema c. Nutrition-based immune deficiency d. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria e. Wiskott-Aldrich (SCID)

b. Hereditary angioedema

Receptors of the innate immune system include: a. T cell receptors b. Toll-like receptors c. Fab receptors d. All of the above

b. Toll-like receptors

A 35-year-old presents w headache, fatigue, lightheadedness, dyspnea, and tachycardia. Lab findings reveal decreased hemoglobin and positive Coombs' test. The patient is currently taking an antibiotic for symptoms of upper respiratory infection. These findings suggest which type of hypersensitivity? a. Type I, mediated by IgG antibodies b. Type II, mediated by IgG c. Type III, mediated by IgG d. Type III, mediated by IgG or IgM e. Type IV, mediated by CD4+ T cells

b. Type II, mediated by IgG

Which of the following is true about hypersensitivity reactions? a. Always an antibody mediated reaction b. Always a cell mediated reaction c. An exaggerated or inappropriate immune reaction d. Often manifests as crying during a sappy moving e. Often occurs w the first exposure to an antigen

c. An exaggerated or inappropriate immune reaction

Which molecule of CD4+ T cells is involved in the immunologic synapse? a. Class I MHC b. GABA receptors c. CD28 d. All of the above

c. CD28

Which order is correct of complement cascade? a. C3→classical pathway → terminal pathway → membrane attack complex (MAC) b. Terminal pathway → C3 → MAC → alternative pathway c. Classical pathway → terminal pathway → C3 → MAC d. Classical pathway → C3 → terminal pathway → MAC e. Alternative pathway → classical pathway → terminal pathway → C3

d. Classical pathway → C3 → terminal pathway → MAC

A 5-year-old girl has a small deletion in chromosome 22. She has impaired thymus development with a significant deficiency in the number of functional T cells. The most likely etiology for these findings is: a. ADA deficiency b. Chediak-Higashi syndrome (accessory) c. Hereditary angioedema d. DiGeorge syndrome e. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)

d. DiGeorge syndrome

Which tests can be sued for Type I hypersensitivity reactions? a. Total serum IgM b. PPD c. FISH for chromosome 22 abnormalities d. Intradermal allergen tests

d. Intradermal allergen tests

Which cell is responsible for initial release of histamine in an allergic reaction? a. T cells b. Neutrophils c. Basophils d. Mast cells

d. Mast cells

During infection w Streptococcus pyogenes, an individual generated sufficiently high levels of IgM and IgG against S. pyogenes antigen w structural similarity w molecules on the heart that cardiac damage was caused. In this example, the microbe contributed to autoimmunity via a process called: a. Central tolerance b. Epitope spreading c. Loss of suppression d. Molecular mimicry

d. Molecular mimicry

The following disease processes are associated with secondary (acquired) immunodeficiencies, except: a. Malnutrition b. Leukemia c. Liver failure d. Cytotoxic chemo for cancer e. Thymic aplasia

e. Thymic aplasia

A previously healthy 65-year-old female presents with complaints of frequent bowel movements, weight loss, and nervousness. Her physical exam was remarkable for exophthalmos and atrial fibrillation. Lab findings show likely Graves' disease. Which of the following organs is most affected? a. Connective tissue b. Joints of lower extremities c. Heart valves d. Kidneys e. Thyroid gland

e. Thyroid gland