INBDE "additional information"
Protective co-contraction
-A form of masticatory muscle disorder -A CNS response to injury or threat of injury -Caused by altered sensory or proprioceptive/mechanoreceptive input, constant pain input, increased emotional stress, poorly fitting restoration, long dental appt., dental injection that traumatized tissue.
uses less Hg, higher early strength so less risk of fracture when you take off the matrix band
2 Advantages of unicompositional amalgam
prevent damage from parafunctional habits ptrevent trauma to perio involved teeth if there is doubt about the complete seating of condyle in fossa
3 indications for occlusal appliance
crepitation pain in muscles of mastication deviation of the mandible on opening
3 things patients with TMD disorders exhibit
submandibular gland
85-90% of salivary calculi occur in ___________ gland
Nonmaleficence
A dentist completed a root canal treatment but fails to inform the patient that the tooth needs a crown: which ethics code?
inflammatory disorders: capsilitis, retrodiscitis, synovitis structural altercations: ie: disc displacement
Arthrogenous types of oral facial pain
35-50% hydrogen peroxide
At what percent of hydrogen peroxide is a dental dam required for chairside whitening?
Sn leached out reacts with oxygen and chlorine to form Sn-O-Cl precipitates that seal open margins
How does amalgam seal its own margins
10-14 days. it hinders polymerizaton
How long after bleaching should you wait to do a composite/ resin? why?
Aimides have 2 I's. Esters have one I.
How to tell esters from amides
eugenol: inhibits polymerization
IRM is contraindicated for composite resotration. why
120 compressions per minute
In CPR what is the compressions per minute?
Methacholine, propranolol, midrodine
List 3 medications that shouldn't be taken with albuterol
diabetes, hypertension, overactive thyroid
List three contraindications for albuterol (Ventolin)
Clotrimazole / Antifungal
Lotrimin: what does it treat?
parotid (80%)
MC location for salivary gland tumor
submandibular (sublingual least common)
MC location for sialolithiasis
upward and backwards -it TRANSLATES in a downward and forward direction -deposition of bone at posterior ramus
Mandible grows in a ________ and ___________ direction
shorter irregular slower
Pts with dysfuctional or painful TMD disorders display chewing patterns that are: ______, _________ and _______
bacteriostatic: they inhibit protien production
Quinolone (Levoquine) MOA? bacteriostatic or cidal?
140 systolic and 90 diastolic
Stage II hypertension
Mercury, silver, tin and copper
The 4 metals in amalgam
nonmaleficence: do no harm
The duty to refrain from harming the pt. : keeping up with knowledge and skills: knowing ones limitations
nystatin
Treatment for atrophic candidiasis
tetracyclines
What antibiotic is contraindicated for a pregnant patient?
vitamin B (6) deficiency
What causes angular chelitis?
6.5% urea ( elevates the PH) of the local environment 3.5% hydrogen peroxid (which breaks down into water and oxygen)
What does carbamide peroxide break down into?
a buffering agent
What does pyrophosphate do?
MI
What happens with elevated ST waves?
ASA II
What is ASA for uncontrolled asthmatic pts?
Less than 120 and Less than 80
What is normal blood pressure?
120-129 and Les than 80
What is pre-hypertension
Lidocaine, prolocaine, topical anesthetics or pradasone
What is the clinical significance of methemglobinemia?
atrophic glossitis
What is the condition that leads to A smooth, glossy tongue that occurs with pernicious anemia? it also occurs with a loss of filliform papilla
nitroglycerin administered sublingal
What is the first choice if a pt develops MI in chair?
Rivaroxiban: factor Xa inhibitor: prevents blood clots
What is xarelto? MOA? purpose?
cytology test
What test reveals fungal hyphae?
10% carbamide peroxide
What whitining substance and percent is best for a pt with sensitive teeth?
Justice?
Which Dental ethics code?: a dentist coded a higher fee for a difficult patient
Justice?
Which ethical code?: a dentist refuses to treat a patient due to HIV status
zoledronic acid (Aredia)
Which osteoporosis medication has the highest risk for developing ONJ?
calcium concentration is higher in the submandibular gland than parotid (saliva pools in lower arch)
Why do stones form frequently in submandibular gland?
Sn has a higher affinity for Cu than Hg
Why is gamma 2 not created in a high copper amalgam mix
Gamma 2= Sn7Hg/ no copper to mix in
Why is the old GV black formula weak
it is an anhydrous formula that sucks moisture out of the tooth structure
Why would 35% carbamide peroxide be caustic to the gingiva?
counterclockwise (horizontal): closed or deep bite
_______ growth results in __________
clockwise: open bite
_______ skeletal growth (vertical) results in _________
6mo
after an MI how long before a dentist can provide elective dental procedure?
veracity/ truthfullness
be honest and trustworthy in dealings with people
Justice/ fairness
delivering dental care without predjudice: actively seek allies to help improve access to care for all
lateral pter. (superior head), suprahyoid, digastric
depressor/ opening muscles
no
does the curve of spee influence anterior guidance
veracity
during dental procedure, the dentist cuts his finger with a bur. the dentist did not tell the patient of the incidence. which of the following codes did the dentist violate?
beneficence
duty to do good and promote the pt's welfare:primary obligation is to the patient and public at large: delivery of timely care within bounds of circumstances
GI>RMGI>Giomer>compomer>composite
from greatest to least: list the release of fluoride release from these resins
it discludes the dentition in the posterior
how does a lateral pterygoid spasm affect the affected side?
causes premature contact of the anterior teeth
how is the the contralateral side affected during a lateral pterygoid spasm?
during the 1st 12 months
how long does it take to create the seal
2 weeks: flexible
how long should an avulsed tooth be splinted for? what type of splint?
sublingual
how should nitroglycerin be administered?
5mm is sticking out: you can take it out if embedded deep: refer
how to manage a needle break?
130-130 or 80-89
hypertension stage I
>180 and or >120
hypertensive crisis
pneumonia
indication of Levoquine (levofloxacin)?
CN V depresses mandible elevates hyoid when swallowing
innervation and action of anterior digastric muscle
CN VII depress mandible and elevates hyoid when swallowing?
innervation and action of posterior digastric muscle
bactericidal
is penicilin bactericidal or static
Yes
is teeth whitening contraindicated in pregnant or lactating patients?
palate
mc location for minor salivary gland tumor
30%
minimum O2 concentration with nitrous
morphology of the TMJ itself
most common etiology of a subluxation
myelosuppresion
most common side effect of chemotherapy
emotional stress
one of the most commonly recognized systemic factors for masticatory muscle disorders
lateral pterygoid or temporalis
pt has local muscle soreness after a IAN block: which muscle is involved?
yes
should the dentist biopsy on any lesion that is the basis of extreme concern to the patient (cancerphobia)?
penicillin and cephalosporins
that are the two types of beta lactam antibiotics
downward and forward. -bone resorption in anterior maxilla and - deposition of bone at the posterior tuberosity
the maxilla grows in a __________ and _________ direction
patient hx and clinical examination
the most important components of diagnosis in slavary gland disorders are _______ and _________
mastication, swallowing, speech. (i would've also added esthetics?)
the three major functions of the masticatory system.
claritromycin (biaxin)
what antibiotic is contraindicated with a statin?
myofascial pain, myositis, muscle spasm, muscle contracture
what are some myogenous types of orofacial pain?
Stage IV esphageal cancer
what cancer metastizes to the oral cavity?
administer albuterol
what do do if asthmatic has an attack
Gamma 1 ( Ag2Hg3) and Sn. (this new G1 doesn't fit into the hole left by dissolving G2, causes outward expansion)
what does Gamma 2 dissolve into?
occlusal film
what film is best for detecting a Lingual mandibular sialolith
collimation
what impacts the scatter of an x-ray beam?
dermatitis
what is a common allergic response to local anesthetics?
an autoimmune disease that causes hyperthyroidism
what is graves disease? what does it cause?
Methemoglobin results from the presence of iron in the ferric form instead of the usual ferrous form. This results in a decreased availability of oxygen to the tissues.
what is methemglobin?
bone marrow depression: leads to decrease in RBC
what is myelosuppression
curve of spee
what is the anteroposterior curve from mandibular canine along the buccal cusps of posterior teeth called?
400-499nm
what is the best wavelength for curing light
sialography
what is the gold standard in diagnosing salivary gland calculi?
2:3
what is the ideal crown to root ratio
tetanus
what is the most important vaccine for a trauma pt to have?
submandibular duct sialolith
what is this?
concussion
when a traumatic pediatric patient exhibits emesis and lethargy upon arriving at the dentist office, what could be the main cause?
clindamycin
which antibiotic causes C. Diff?
masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, inferior head of lateral pter.
which muscles elevate the mandible?