infection prep you
A client with Crohn's disease is to receive prednisone as part of the treatment plan. Which of the following instructions would be appropriate?
"Avoid contact with other people who might have an infection."
Which practice is a correct application of infection control practices?
A nurse performs hand washing each time the nurse removes a pair of gloves
A 34-year-old woman presents with an abrupt onset of shaking chills, moderate to high fever, and a constant ache in her lower back. She is also experiencing dysuria, urinary frequency, and a feeling of urgency. Her partner states that she has been very tired the last few days and that she looked like she may have the flu. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Acute pyelonephritis
A client comes to the clinic and informs the nurse that he has a "painful area under his armpit." The nurse observes a 2-cm raised area that is erythremic and has a white substance inside of it. What does the nurse suspect the client may be experiencing?
An abscess
Which condition is an example of wound healing by secondary intention?
An infected burn of the arm
A client who was bitten by a wild animal is admitted to an acute care facility for treatment of rabies. Which type of isolation does this client require?
Contact
A client presents to the emergency department with an open fracture. What is the first action the nurse should take?
Cover the exposed bone with sterile dressing.
When learning about HIV/AIDS, the student should be able to differentiate the two subtypes of virus by which characteristic?
HIV-1 is more prevalent than HIV-2 subtypes
Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a client with a compound fracture?
Risk for infection related to effects of trauma
A client is to have an indwelling urinary catheter inserted. Which precaution is followed during this procedure?
Surgical asepsis technique
When the surgeon performs an appendectomy, the nurse recognizes that the surgical category will be identified as
clean contaminated.
The LVN/LPN will be assessing a postpartum client for danger signs after a vaginal birth. What assessment finding would the nurse assess as a danger sign for this client?
fever more than 100.4° F (38° C)
Which nursing action is a component of medical asepsis?
handwashing after removing gloves
The nurse is administering a postpartal woman an antibiotic for mastitis. Which statement by the mother indicates that she understood the nurse's explanation of care?
"I can continue breastfeeding my infant, but it may be somewhat uncomfortable."
Which instruction would be included in a teaching plan for a client diagnosed with a UTI?
Drink liberal amount of fluids.
The nurse is providing education regarding sexually transmitted diseases. Which statement regarding herpes virus 2 (herpes genitalis) is accurate?
In pregnant women with active herpes, babies delivered vaginally may become infected with the virus.
Which instruction should be given to a woman newly diagnosed with genital herpes?
Limit stress and emotional upset as much as possible.
The client may spend the latent phase of the first stage of labor at home unless which occurs?
The client experiences a rupture of membranes
The spirochete Leptospira is primarily transmitted to farmers by:
direct contact with infected animals.
An infection-control nurse is discussing needlestick injuries with a group of newly hired nurses. The infection control nurse informs the group that most needlestick injuries result from:
recapping a needle.
A client with a diagnosis of rhinosinusitis has been prescribed ciprofloxacin 250 mg SC b.i.d. When contacting the prescriber, the nurse should question the:
route
The nurse in the ICU is caring for a client with a nasotracheal tube. Because of the tube placement, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for developing
sinus infection.
A nurse is caring for an infant whose mother is human immunodeficiency (HIV) positive. The nurse knows that which diagnostic test result will be positive even if the child is not infected with the virus?
Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA)
The nurse is caring for a child with leukemia. Which nursing intervention would be the highest priority for this child?
Following guidelines for protective isolation
Select the treatment of choice for syphilis.
Long-acting penicillin in a single injection
A patient diagnosed 2 weeks ago with acute pharyngitis comes to the clinic stating that the sore throat got better for a couple of days and is now back along with an earache. What complications should the nurse be aware of related to acute pharyngitis? (Select all that apply.)
Mastoiditis Peritonsillar abscess Otitis media
A nurse is developing a plan to teach a parent how to reduce an infant's risk of developing otitis media. Which direction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Place the infant in an upright position when giving a bottle.
A group of students are reviewing information about anti-infective agents. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify what as an anti-infective agent?
anticoagulant
The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. The prior shift's nurse has placed the client in droplet precautions. Which is the appropriate nursing action?
change to airborne precautions
A client is being seen in the pediatric clinic for a middle ear infection. The client's mother reports that when the client develops an upper respiratory infection, an ear infection seems quick to follow. What contributes to this event?
eustachian tubes
At a class for new mothers, the nurse notes that the participants need more teaching when one of the mothers makes which comment?
"I have to stop breastfeeding because of mastitis."
A client with diabetes mellitus develops sinusitis and otitis media accompanied by a temperature of 100.8° F (38.2° C). What should the nurse anticipate in this client's plan of care?
An increased need for insulin and blood glucose monitoring
A female client is diagnosed with breast abscess. She would like to continue to breast-feed her newborn. Which of the following would be most appropriate in this situation?
Assist the client to pump the breasts to remove breast milk.
The nurse should be alert for a complication of bronchiectasis that results from a combination of retained secretions and obstruction and that leads to the collapse of alveoli. What complication should the nurse monitor for?
Atelectasis
The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a client with a history of recurrent pneumonia. What deep breathing techniques will the nurse plan to teach?
"Take in as much air as possible, hold your breath briefly, and exhale slowly."
A female HIV-positive patient with a high CD4 count has been taking nevirapin (Viramune) for 9 weeks. What clinical manifestations indicate to the nurse that the patient is having complications from this medication?
Yellow sclera and hepatomegaly
A girl has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which statement by the parent demonstrates understanding of preventing future UTIs?
"I shouldn't let my daughter take bubble baths."
The nurse is caring for an infant recently diagnosed with thrush and was prescribed nystatin. Which statement by the infant's mother would suggest a need for further education?
"I will add the nystatin to her bottle four times per day."
The nurse is collecting data on a client with a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which statements should the nurse expect the client to make? Select all that apply.
"It burns when I urinate." "I need to urinate urgently." "I need to urinate frequently."
A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with HIV. The client tells the nurse that he is considering supplementing his antiretroviral drug therapy with an herbal regimen that he read about recently. What should the nurse say in response?
"Some herbal supplements could interfere with your medication, so talk with your physician first."
A nurse is explaining to the parents the preoperative care for their infant born with bladder exstrophy. The parents ask, "What will happen to the bladder while waiting for the surgery?" What is the nurse's best response?
"The bladder will covered in a sterile plastic bag to keep it moist."
The nurse provides health education for a diverse group of clients. For which client should the nurse emphasize the risk of teratogenic drug effects?
20-year-old female client who has been diagnosed with a chlamydial infection
The nurse is assessing a client 48 hours postpartum and notes on assessment: temperature 101.2oF (38.4oC), HR 82, RR 18, BP 125/78 mm Hg. The nurse should suspect the vital signs indicate which potential situation?
Infection
A young client is being seen by a pediatric ophthalmologist due to a recent skateboarding accident that resulted in trauma to the right cornea, and is now at risk of developing an infection. Which nursing intervention would be contraindicated for a client at risk for infection?
To ensure correct application of antibiotic ointment, gently drag tip of tube along lower lid while squeezing ointment on to lid.
A client is diagnosed with meningococcal meningitis. The 22-year-old client shares an apartment with one other person. What would the nurse expect as appropriate care for the client's roommate?
Treatment with antimicrobial prophylaxis as soon as possible
The nurse instructs a client to perform continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis correctly at home. Which educational information should the nurse provide to the client?
Use an aseptic technique during the procedure.
Which intervention is essential when performing dressing changes on a client with a diabetic foot ulcer?
Using sterile technique during the dressing change
The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the practice of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
A child is diagnosed with aseptic meningitis. The child's mother states, "I don't know where she would have picked this up." The nurse prepares to respond to the mother based on the understanding that this disorder is most likely caused by:
enterovirus.
What are places with common outbreaks of scabies? Select all that apply.
nursing homes military barracks prisons boarding schools child care centers Anywhere large groups of people are confined
A client is diagnosed with granuloma inguinale. Which question should the nurse ask the client?
"Have you traveled outside of the country recently?"
A client in the surgical intensive care unit has skeletal tongs in place to stabilize a cervical fracture. Protocol dictates that pin care should be performed each shift. When providing pin care for the client, which finding should the nurse report to the physician?
A small amount of yellow drainage at the left pin insertion site
The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for the parents of an 8-year-old girl with leukemia. Which instruction would be the priority?
Calling the doctor if the child gets a sore throat
The infection control nurse collects data that indicates an increase in the number of clients in the hospital with multidrug-resistant infections. What priority education should healthcare providers receive?
Hand hygiene
A nurse has heard that there have been three cases of pertussis in the community and wants to make sure his or her inoculations are up to date. What action should the nurse take?
Have a single-dose Tdap administered.
A nurse is reviewing the history of a client who is suspected of having glomerulonephritis. Which of the following would the nurse consider significant?
Recent history of streptococcal infection
Which zone of the surgical area only requires attire in the form of scrub clothes and caps?
Semirestricted zone
Which organism is responsible for impetigo?
Staphylococcus aureus
A client is experiencing the early stages of an inflammatory process and develops leukocytosis. The nurse recognizes this as a/an:
increase in circulating neutrophils.
A client has an inguinal hernia repair and later develops a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. What is the most important factor to prevent this infection?
surgical asepsis
