INFO 3130-Chapter 7
Client/Server Computing
-Distributed computing model -Clients linked through network controlled by network server computer -Server sets rules of communication for network and provides every client with an address so others can find it on the network -Has largely replaced centralized mainframe computing
Web 2.0 Features
-Interactivity -Real-time user control -Social participation (sharing) -User-generated content
Packet switching
-Method of slicing digital messages into parcels(packets), sending packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling packets at destination
Major components in a simple network include:
-client computers -server computers -network interfaces (NICs) -connection medium -network operating systems -hubs, switches, and routers
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
-common worldwide standard that is basis for Internet -the standard/common language for the world wide web
Web 2.0
-enabling collaboration, sharing information, and creating new services online
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
-formats documents for display on Web
Web 3.0: the semantic web
-goal is to reduce human effort in searching for and processing information -"web of things"
Department of Defense reference model for TCP/IP
1. application layer 2. transport layer 3. internet layer 4. network interface layer
Blogs
Chronological, informal web sites created by individuals
Convergence
Telephone networks and computer networks converging into single digital network using Internet standards (cable companies providing voice service)
uniform resource locators (URLS)
addresses of web pages
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
adjusting web site and traffic to improve rankings in search engine results
semantic search
anticipating what users are looking for rather than simply returning millions of links
Wikis
collaborative web sites where visitors can add, delete, or modify content on the site
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
communications standard used for transferring web pages
Newsgroups
discussion groups on electronic boards
Social networking sites
enable users to build communities of friends and share information
Chatting/Instant messaging
interactive conversations
Telnet/SSH
remote access protocols
World Wide Web
retrieving, formatting, and displaying information using hypertext links
web servers
software for locating and managing web pages
RSS (Really Simple Syndication)
syndicates web content so aggregator software can pull content for use in another setting or viewing later
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
transferring files
intelligent agent shopping bots
use intelligent agent software for searching Internet for shopping information
VoIP
Digital voice communication using IP and packet switching (cable providers, google, skype)
The Internet
Largest implementation of client/server computing
Person to person messaging, document sharing
Protocols
Rules and procedures that govern transmission of information between two points
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
Secure, encrypted, private network run over the Internet
Routers
Device used to route packets of data through different networks, ensuring that data sent gets to the correct address
Bandwidth
Difference between highest and lowest frequency in a transmission channel -greater the difference, greater the bandwidth
Modem
Translates digital signals into analog form (and vice versa)
What is a computer network?
Two or more connected computers
