informatics final test
Which statement about virtual intensive care units (vICUs) is correct?
The vICU utilizes a camera that can be manipulated remotely by a nurse.
The practice of maximizing the number of opportunities made available to patients to endow them with a better sense of control over their own health care is called patient:
empowerment
What is the field of science that studies health and disease in defined populations or communities?
epidemiology
which of the following is an example of bio-metric identifier of a patient
fingerprint
The term _____ is used to describe "the degree to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand the basic health information and services they need to make appropriate health
health literacy
what tpe of lighting is considered optimal for working at a computer terminal workstattion
indirect overhead lighting with adjustable desk lighting
what is the matthew effect?
the item at the top is the first one people look at( rich get richer and poor get poorer
ergonomics implies that
the human is at the center and that the work is being adapted to human needs
what is the accepted screen size for office work today
19 inches
In testimony delivered in 2008, the director of the congressional budget office estimated that the total cost of office based EHR systems ranged ____ per provider implementation
25000-45000
the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 imposed civil monetary penalties for PHI disclosure violation that are not corrected within:
30 days
What entity maintains the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)?
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
Patients in dense urban communities may benefit from telehealth services because they: a. are less likely to have adequate health insurance b. live a great distance from healthcare providers c. may have difficulty getting timely appointments d. reside in an area with few healthcare providers
C
To meet the criteria for implementation of _____ rules, an EHR must have a functioning CDSS. a. patient confidentiality b. artiificial intelligence c. natural language processing d. clinical decision
D. clinical decision
Which statement about the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is correct?
NHANES collects health and nutritional information on adults and children.
The _____ website contains pre-specified datasets on items such as multiple births, maternal and infant health, and family growth.
National Vital Statistics System (NVSS)
Which statement about the CDC is correct?
The CDC prepares surveillance information for consumption
Which statement about personal health records (PHRs) is correct?
The patient plays a pivotal role in PHR data entry.
A(n) _____ is a relational database that provides educational services for users. a. learning management system b. data warehouse c. NoSQL database d. patient-nurse database
a
A(n) _____ is an operation used to directly retrieve and update data from a database table. a. query b. entity c. form d. report
a
In _____, patient data such as blood pressure, weight, and pulse are delivered to HCPs so that they can keep track of the condition of a patient remotely. a. telemonitoring b. telecoaching c. telepathology d. teletherapy
a
Large healthcare enterprises tend to use _____ relational databases due to their needs for customization and support. a. proprietary b. open source c. operational d. embedded
a
SNOMED CT addresses which barrier to the adoption of EHR systems? a.need for a common clinical vocabulary b lack of interoperability between systems c. high cost of installation and implementation d. threats to the security of patient information
a
Telemonitoring would be most appropriate for a patient with which condition? a. diabetes b. appendicitis c. kidney failure d. tuberculosis
a
The health IT design and testing process should be: a. iterative b. linear c. streamlined d. rapid
a
Users' attitudes and perceptions are assessed in usability tests when measuring which dimension? a. satisfaction b. effectiveness c. economy d. efficiency
a
whiich of these is NOT considered standardized or controlled data? a. laboratory values b. vital signs c. free text d. items from a drop-down menu
c. free text
What are the three dimensions examined in most usability tests? a. effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction b. economy, immediacy, and accuracy c. effectiveness, immediacy, and satisfaction d. economy, efficiency, and accuracy
a
Which of these provides simplified summaries of the information provided on whole websites? a. RSS feeds b. social media c. webinars d. email notifications
a
Which statement about PubMed is correct? a. PubMed is operated by a private publisher of medical research journals. b. There is a fee to search PubMed. c. Nursing literature is indexed in PubMed. d. PubMed is searched in the same way as CINAHL.
a
Which statement about open access journals is correct? a.Their articles are provided for free. b. All of the journals are peer-reviewed. c. They include full access to Cochrane Reviews. d. They omit smaller research niches.
a
What is the first step in the EBP process? a. cultivate a spirit of inquiry b. find the evidence c. write the question using the PICOT format d. analyze the literature
a.
A reasoning engine requires at least _____ data point(s) to construct a rule. a. 2 b. 5 c. 1 d. 3
a. 2
Which statement about CDSSs is NOT correct? a. CDSS alerts only occur when a patient is experiencing a true medical emergency. b. CDSSs lack the ability to reason beyond the programmed logic. c. Some clinicians have become overly reliant on CDSS alerts. d. CDSSs assist with the process of managing patient data.
a. CDSS alerts only occur when a patient is experiencing a true medical emergency
Data input into an EHR is entered into _____ and is further organized by established rules. a. algorithms b. antiderivatives c. divergent series d. reciprocals
a. algorithms
What is an expected result of evidence-based practice (EBP)? a. improved outcomes for patients b. simplified implementation of EHR systems c. increase in health insurance premiums d. complete automation of clinical decisions
a. improved outcomes
the point at which the separate components of an EHR system meet and communicate is called the: a. interface b. penetration point c. virtual private network d. point-of-care
a. interface
The _____ functions as a series of logic schemes for eventual output. a. reasoning engine b. knowledge base c. natural language processing module d. mechanism to communicate with the end user
a. reasoning engine
What are the four dimensions for assessing the effectiveness of a website that provides healthcare information?
accessibility, content, marketing, and technology
Shared decision making is most effective whenever patients:
are fully aware of the risks and benefits of treatment
The Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-Based Epidemics (ESSENCE) was designed for use in:
areas with unreliable access to the Internet
Data mining _____ are sets of mathematical rules and are often used in combinations for building predictive and descriptive models. a. simulations b. algorithms c. classifiers d. ratios
b
In user-centered design (UCD), the needs, desires, and limitations of _____ are the driving factors for design. a. patients b. users c. manufacturers d. IT personnel
b
The reporting capacity of the CALNOC system allows member hospitals to create their own _____ containing selected performance measures to meet their needs for projects such as performance initiatives and root cause analysis. a. electronic health records b. virtual dashboards c. data warehousing reports d. flat databases
b
Under the NCSBN Nurse Licensure Compact agreement, a licensed nurse in a participating state: a. can provide care to patients in any state in the nation b. can provide care to patients in any other participating state c. can only practice in the state in which he or she is licensed d. must be licensed in the state in which the patient resides
b
What are ICD-10-CM codes used for? a. reporting adverse reactions to drugs b. identifying diagnoses c. identifying symptoms d. reporting adverse reactions to procedures
b
Which of these is an example of a real-time telehealth application? a. using Google to look up a medical citation b. using Skype to visit with a colleague c. using Microsoft Word to write a set of instructions for a patient d. using Adobe Flash to create an animation of the human body
b
Which statement about telehealth is correct? a. The technology used in telehealth cannot be capable of producing an audit trail. b. Telehealth communication must always be HIPAA-compliant. c. The use of telehealth for consultations is appropriate for patients of all ages. d. Telehealth services must always include both audio and video components.
b
hich statement about superusers is NOT correct? a.Superusers can facilitate employee training in EHR use. b.Superusers take part in the development of new EHR systems. c.Superusers serve as a resource for others in use of the EHR system. d.Superusers lead other staff in the implementation of EHR system
b
what is one of the goals of usability testing in health care? a. to aid the development of Gantt charts b. to purchase health IT that improves productivity c. to determine the presence or absence of a pathogen d. to identify populations at risk of developing a specific d
b
_____ is communication over a distance by cable, telegraph, telephone, or other broadcasting mechanism. a.Telehealth b. Telecommunications c. Telesupport d. Televisit
b.
which of these is an example of a vendor?
b. a software designer who designs and sells EHRS
EHRs may include all BUT which of the following? a. online messaging systems b. physician training certifications c. radiology images d. patient demographic information
b. physicians training certifications
Which of the following is a benefit of EHR systems? a.they allow nurses to prescribe medications without a physician. b.They allow nurses to capture activities of care as they occur. c.They maintain security by prohibiting simultaneous access to a patient's record. d. They do not require usernames and passwords.
b.They allow nurses to capture activities of care as they occur.
The knowledge base in a CDSS must be updated: a. whenever an EHR is created for a new patient b. when research evidence shows new findings important for patient care c. on a daily or weekly basis, depending on the size of the healthcare setting d. every time an entry is made into the EHR of any patient
b.when research evidence shows new findings important for patient care
what is the most secure means of authenticating users attemptin to access PHI
biometric marker
Decision trees are often used for: a. data mining b. tracking data trends c. patient protocols d. storing labeled training data
c
Effectiveness can be assessed using which measure? a. preference b. learnability c. task completion d. mental effort
c
Pharmacovigilance is a process that requires early detection of: a. cases of highly contagious diseases b. potential workflow issues c. adverse drug events d. dwindling drug supplies in a hospital setting
c
What do you do during a napkin test? a. record user mouse actions as users complete tasks b. interview users about their testing experience c. sketch rough ideas about a design d. test a prototype in a real-world setting
c
What is a benefit of using Google Scholar for research? a. The newest articles always appear at the top of the search results. b. It reduces the Matthew Effect. c. It allows you to identify other papers that have cited a specific article. d. All articles are peer reviewed.
c
When following the EBP process, textbooks can be used: a. to demonstrate how evidence is put into practice b. to locate relevant randomized controlled trials c. as resources for information on a particular condition d. to perform meta-analysis of evidence
c
When should a teletrauma consultation begin? a. after the extent of the patient's injuries have been determined b. as soon as the patient arrives at a Level I trauma center c. as soon as the patient arrives at the local emergency provider d. as soon as the decision is made to transfer the patient to a Level I trauma center
c
Which method of assessing efficiency involves a count of how much a function in software is used? a. error prevention b. input rate c. usage patterns d. expert assessment
c
Which statement about databases is correct? a. Databases are only used for accounting and billing purposes. b. Databases take up large amounts of disk space. c. Databases can store large amounts of data efficiently. d. Databases make it difficult for users to locate data.
c
poor user experience (UX) with health IT occurs when: a. an iterative design-test-redesign process is used in product development b. small groups of users are utilized for usability testing c. the technology is mismatched to the needs of the user d. usability testing is initiated too early in the development procedure
c
Telehealth in a public school would be most appropriate for managing which condition? a.eukemia b. broken bone c. itchy rash d. hormonal imbalance
c.
The "P" in "PICOT" may refer to the: a. prognosis b. physician c. patient d. prescription
c.
A CDSS contained in an EHR uses principles of _____ and information science to provide active knowledge systems combined with patient data to generate clinical, patient-specific advice. a. natural language processing b. entropy c. artificial intelligence d. refraction
c. artificial intelligence
Alert fatigue commonly results in: a. resistance to the implementation of natural language processing b. reduced maintenance of the knowledge base c. dismissed alerts without taking the information into account d. decreased resistance of clinicians to CDSSs
c. dismissed alerts without taking the information into account
EHR systems that utilize _____ can allow nurses to carry out specific protocols of patient care prior to examination or approval by an HCP. a. risk assessment tools b. bench informatics c. standing order sets d. clinical information systems
c. standing order sets
The term _____ refers to "a group of people who share something in common and interact with one another, who may exhibit commitment with one another and may share a geographic boundary."
community
What are the "five C's" for assessing the quality of information on a website containing health-related information?
credibility, currency, content, construction, and clarity
A _____ is an encounter involving a patient and an HCP that is enabled by telecommunications technologies. a. telereferral b. tele-assessment c. teleconsult d. televisit
d
Analyzing the increase in sales of over-the-counter medications for cold symptoms and related products can use _____ and clustering to visualize movement of an influenza epidemic across the nation. a. analytics dashboards b. decision trees c. data mining d. association rules
d
What can healthcare facility administrators do to improve nurses' perceptions of EHR implementation? a.limit training time to minimize time spent away from patients b.stress the importance of documentation as a patient-care activity c.maintain a stoic attitude about EHR implementation d.stagger training sessions according to technological ability
d
When should usability testing begin? a. after the creation of the first prototype b. upon completion of the product c. after the product has been implemented d. at the start of product developme
d
Which of these is an example of a Boolean operator you can use during a PubMed search? a. after b. * c. within "x" d. and/or
d. and/or
Which of the following is NOT one of the essential elements of most CDSSs? a. reasoning engine b. mechanism to communicate with the end user c. knowledge base d. natural language processing module
d. natural language processing module
the interaction between display of information and operation is
dialogue
the term _____ refers to the inability of certain people to access information resources on the Internet due to a lack of infrastructure and/or a lack of skills necessary for manipulating and utilizing healthcare resources.
digital divide
an authorization to share PHI is required to:
disclose information to the patient's employer
what did the HITECH act do
made business associates directly liable for compliance with HIPAA regulations
The Youth Behavioral Risk Surveillance System (YBRSS) is administered annually in paper form to selected populations of _____ students across the United States.
middle-school and high-school
a touch screen is an example of an ________ user interface
natural
which of the following is not considered protected health information(PHI)
patients de-identified information
which of these is an example of an access control tool?
personal identification number
The term _____ refers to people living in a specific geographic area or a particular group of people that experiences a disproportionate burden of poor health outcomes
population
Healthcare organizations can effectively use social media to
promote the healthcare system
a well designed task
promotes the development of new skills
what must a healthcare provider do if a patients HHS is requested by HHS
release the information with or without the express authoritization of the patient
the ability to concentrate on relevant stimuli and ignore irrelevant inform
selective attention
visual information is most closely related to ____ memory
sensory
The HITECH Act grants _____ authority to investigate HIPAA violations
state attorneys general
A website sponsored by which of the following is likely to provide accurate and thorough information?
the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
The initial step in facilitating change in a community or population is often:
the assessment of readiness to change
