Information Systems Ch 2: Global E-business and Collaboration

Transaction processing systems (TPS)

A computerized system that performs and records the daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business

Business intelligence

A contemporary term for data and software tools for organizing, analyzing, and providing access to help managers and other enterprise users make more informed decisions

Chief Information Officer

A senior manager who oversees the use of information technology in the firm.

Wikis

A type of website that makes it easy for users to contribute and edit text content and graphics without any knowledge of web page development or programming techniques

portal

A web interface to present integrated personalized business content

telepresence technology

An integrated audio and visual environment that allows a person to give the appearance of being present at a location other than his or her true physical location.

Monitoring, controlling, decision-making, and administrative activities

Business intelligence systems help middle management with what?

Voyage estimating system

Calculates financial and technical voyage details operates on a powerful PC used daily by managers who must develop bids on shipping contracts - Model-driven DSS

Social networks

Connect through personal and business profiles

Shared workspaces

Coordinate projects and tasks; cocreate content

Communities

Discuss topics in open forums; share expertise

Digital Dashboard

Displays on a single screen graphs and charts of key performance indicators for managing a company

Information systems managers

Leaders of teams of programmers and analysts, project managers, physical facility managers, telecommunications managers, or database specialists.

Chief Security Officer (CSO)

Officer in charge of information systems security for the firm and is responsible for enforcing the firm's information security policy.

Chief Privacy Officer (CPO)

Officer responsible for ensuring that the company complies with existing data privacy laws.

Chief Data Officer (CDO)

Officer responsible for enterprise-wide governance and utilization of information to maximize the value the organization can realize from its data.

Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO)

Officer responsible for the firm's knowledge management program.

Virtual Worlds

Online 3D environments populated by "residents" who have built graphical representations of themselves known as avatars.

System analysts

People who constitute the principal liaisons between the information systems groups and the rest of the organization.

Collaboration

The act of working together with others to achieve shared and explicit goals.

E-Government

The application of the Internet and networking technologies to digitally enable government and public sector agencies' relationships with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government.

information systems department

The formal organizational unit responsible for information technology services; responsible for maintaining the hardware, software, data storage, and networks that comprise the firm's IT infrastructure.

Business processes

The manner in which work is organized, coordinated, and focused to produce a valuable product or service.

Electronic Commerce (e-commerce)

The part of e-business that deals with the buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet.

"Drilling down"

The process of starting with broad information and then retrieving more specific information as numbers or percentages at greater levels of detail

IT governance

The strategy and policies for using information technology within an organization.

Electronic business (e-business)

The use of digital technology and the Internet to execute the major business processes in the enterprise.

Social business

The use of social networking platforms (Facebook, Twitter, internet corporate social tools) to engage their employees, customers, and suppliers.

File sharing

Upload, share, and comment on photos, videos, audio, text documents

Social marketing

Use social media to interact with customers; derive customer insights

Time/space matrix

What analytical framework discussed in the chapter helps understand and evaluate the benefits and uses of collaboration tools?

Manage all their information Make better decisions Improve the execution of their business processes

What does information systems make possible for firms?

The more "collaborative" a business firm is, the more "successful" it will be, and that collaboration within and among firms is more essential than in the past

What is a common belief about business firms and collaborative ability?

Changing nature of work Growth of professional work Changing organization of the firm Changing scope of the firm Emphasis on innovtion Changing culture of work and business

Why are collaboration and teamwork more important today than ever?

Supply Chain Management Systems

Systems used to help manage relationships with a firm's suppliers.

enterprise systems

Systems used to integrate business processes in different departments into a single software system.

Teams

Groups that have a specific mission that someone in the business assigned to them

Crowdsourcing

Harness collective knowledge to generate new ideas and solutions

Programmers

Highly trained technical specialists who write the software instructions for computers

Automate many steps in business processes that were formerly done manually; change the flow of information

How do information systems improve business processes?

Drive operational efficiencies Spur innovation Accelerate decision making.

If such an environment of information transparency, what is it likely to do?

Executive support systems (ESS)

Information systems at the organization's strategic level designed to address unstructured decision making through advanced graphics and communications.

Interorganizational systems

Information systems that automate the flow of information across organizational boundaries and link a company to its customers, distributors, or suppliers.

Blogs and wikis

Publish and rapidly access knowledge; discuss opinions and experiences

End users

Representatives of departments outside the information systems group for whom applications are developed.

Social commerce

Share opinions about purchasing on social platforms

Customer relationship management systems

Software that organizes information about customers in a manner that facilitates efficient and personalized service

Management information systems (MIS)

System that provides middle managers with reports on the organization's current performance.

Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)

Systems that enable organizations to better manage processes for capturing and applying knowledge and expertise.

Decision-support systems (DSS)

Systems that focus on problems that are unique and rapidly changing, for which the procedure for arriving at a solution may not be fully predined in advance.

enterprise applications

Systems that span functional areas, focus on executing business processes across the firm, and include all levels of management.