Information Systems midterm
Which of the following best describes the concept of ethics?
Accepted principles of conduct that govern behavior
eBay's customers enrich the website by reviewing products that they purchase. These reviews are used by buyers to evaluate sellers on eBay. eBay also provides special privileges to sellers who have higher ratings. This is an example of ________.
value chain extension
In a résumé, the qualifications section must:
vary depending on the information identified in the analysis of self, career, and job.
Which of the following enables computers to run multiple operating systems and multiple software applications at the same time and creates what seems to be multiple independent machines all on a single computing device?
virtualization
All of the following are cloud computing services except:
virtualization as a service
A software program with a graphical user interface for displaying web pages and for accessing the web and other Internet resources is called a
web browser
Companies often have formal email policies that would include all of the following except what?
who can be copied on emails
To determine how to present yourself to employers, an effective exercise that helps you develop a resume is what?
writing the story of you
Which of the following is the foundation technology for web services?
xml
Fine & Funky is a new e-commerce website that sells home decorating items and offers online decorating services. It wants to build loyalty and trust among its target market group, which are women aged 35-55. Which of the following measures will most likely help Fine & Funky achieve its objective?
Favorable endorsements from customers' peers
Which of the following websites predominantly features user-generated content?
Foodmania, a website that allows its users to post their own food recipes and upload photos
Which of the following options is a page description language for generating Web pages (e.g., text, dynamic links)?
HTML
Which of the following would be least helpful when developing ethical messages in an international work environment?
Have the legal department ensure the validity of a contract
China is considered to have a(n) ________ culture.
High-context
The use of information systems in achieving excellence in operations can result in
Higher cost savings
New information systems will enable the creation of electric meters that run "backwards". Which of the following best explains this statement?
IT will allow customers to see their patterns of daily energy usage
Which of the following is true regarding mobile connectivity in the workplace?
Mobile connectivity allows for additional research to be conducted during meetings.
When discussing positions held, what information should be included for each position?
Name of employer, job title and dates worked
Which of the following statements is true about the use of IT in nonprofit organizations?
Nonprofit organizations need IT support and strategy to achieve their objectives.
Which of the following can be used to show leadership skills and work habits when a college graduate has limited work experience?
Offices held in clubs or professional organizations
Which of the following is the least effective use of a blog?
One-way communication
________ is free software produced by a community of several hundred thousand programmers around the world.
Open source
As a result of people editing, cutting and pasting, and making copies of electronic documents, ________.
Organizations find it difficult to manage the electronic document retention process
Which of the following compositional modes tell the readers where to find the key points in the collection of information?
Orientations
The advantages of creating ____________ files are that you preserve the formatting of your résumé and create a file type that is less vulnerable to viruses than word-processer files.
In the context of Porter's five forces, what impact will patents have on a business?
Patents will reduce the threat of new entrants in an industry.
Which of the following is considered to be a curation tool?
The _______________ version of a résumé can be used by including it in the body of an email message, for employers who want email delivery but don't want file attachments.
Plain text
____________ file (sometimes known as an ASCII text file) is an digital version of your résumé that has no font formatting, no bullet symbols, no colors, no lines or boxes, or other special formatting.
Plain text
"Total value transfer of tangible goods happens at the point of sale." Which of the following statements contradicts this judgment?
The value chain does not end when the buyer pays for the product or service.
The IT department of Detroit University decides to create a website with the primary goal of facilitating offline relationships with students. Which of the following would best help the university to reach this goal?
The website should allow prospective students to access virtual tours of the campus.
Which of the following statements is true about netbooks?
They are smaller laptops that provide a cost-effective means to wirelessly connect to the Internet
Which of the following statements is true of web-based shopping and online self-service applications?
They increase the amount of time spent in face-to-face interactions with the customer
Which of Porter's Five Forces is high when it is easy for competitors to enter a market and low when there are high capital investment costs to compete in the market?
Threat of new entrants
What is the purpose of preparing a résumé?
To present a compelling story about yourself
Social media has increased the sense of openness in conversation and access to information, often referred to as what?
Transparency
Which of the following is an essential element of persuasive messages?
Trust
Which of the following is a multitasking, multiuser, operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that operates on a wide variety of computing platforms?
Unix
Which of the following factors best explains why it was tougher for Amazon.com to build trust in its e-commerce website when compared to Walmart?
Unlike Walmart, amazon.com did not operate out of physical retail locations.
Government funding for technology-based innovation is often the only source of funding available for high-risk projects that private investors may avoid. For which of the following projects is government funding most critical?
a research project on hybrid oil
HR Solutions, Inc. provides human resource technology solutions to companies that are seeking ways to reduce costs and improve efficiencies in their operations. Which one of the following functions is NOT a human resource function that would benefit from a technology-based solution?
interviewing potential job candidates
Most applications rely on texting, email, and instant messaging rather than speech recognition because speech recognition ________.
is less accurate
Radical connectivity
is the ability to send vast amounts of data instantly, constantly, and globally.
________ is a language used to add interactivity to web pages.
javascript
Which of the following is a tip for effective business blogging?
listen and learn
Which of the following elements of website usability refers to the effort it takes to regain the same level of proficiency when a user returns to a website after a period of time?
memorability
Which of the following factors provides an understanding of why computing resources today are more available than in previous decades?
moore's law
Which of the following is an open source software product?
mozilla firefox
The Maryland Motor Vehicle website is structured with multiple links in different services on the right navigation bar and links to various departments on the top navigation bars. This is an example of a(n) _______.
multidimensional web architecture
Orange, an online-gaming site, has millions of users. The site has many games which pit users against each other. The relative standing of each user is presented in the form of an elaborate ranking system for each game. Users pride themselves on gaining the highest points and the highest rank possible. This rise in user participation has increased the value of Orange significantly. This is an example of ________.
network effects
The process of making informal connections with mutually beneficial business contacts is referred to as _____________.
networking
Which of the following will send subscribers regular updates on a chosen topic?
newsfeeds
Which of the following types of computing involves purchasing computing power from a remote provider and paying only for the computing power used?
on-demand
When Kayla goes through the checkout line at the local grocery store, a(n) ________ captures the barcodes of her groceries and converts them to a digital format to generate the total amount of her groceries.
optical scanner
________ capture text or images and convert them to digital format in thousands of settings.
optical scanners
Which type of network treats all processors equally and allows sharing of printers and files without the use of a central server?
peer to peer
The attempt to change an audience's attitudes, beliefs, or actions is referred to as ________________.
persuasion
The bulk of your business messages will involve ______________.
persuasive requests for action
Which of the following combines the media richness of voice or visual communication with the convenience of portability?
podcasting
Haliburton Manufacturing Corporation makes industrial air conditioning units for large organizations. Last year the company spent more than $5 million on new technology designed to make its employees more productive and streamline its business processes. The expected return on investment, however, was much lower than the company expected, and production of new air conditioners was not improving. What economic theory helps explain the reason Haliburton is not getting an immediate return on its IT investment?
productivity paradox
Which of the following statements is true of information systems (IS)?
provide competitive advantage
Which of the following least supports the purpose of communication?
providing control
Personality, attitudes, lifestyle and other psychological characteristics of an audience are known as what?
psychographics
Facebook is an example of a _____________.
public, general-purpose network
Which of the following represents procurement as part of the support value activities in a value chain analysis?
purchasing inputs such as raw materials, resources, equipment, and supplies
Which of the following is essential if an organization is to follow a low-cost leadership strategy?
relentless search for ways to reduce operating expenses
_________ messages encourage potential buyers to make an immediate purchase decision.
sales
A message designed to make an explicit request for people to buy something is called what?
sales message
Blue Hen Organic Foods has decided to use a cloud-computing service to manage the company's computer processing and data storage needs. Blue Hen's risk-management team has identified several concerns with implementing a cloud-based computing architecture. Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with cloud computing?
scalability
Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a larger number of users without breaking down?
scalablity
The most attractive features of a product are referred to as ____________.
selling points
Prewritten, commercially available sets of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own software programs for certain functions are referred to as ________.
software packages
Which of the following compositional modes function as a miniature version of a document?
summaries
Which type of software controls basic operations such as file management, disk storage, hardware interfaces, and security?
system
In the United States, which of the following organizations monitors corporate activities as they relate to truth in advertising?
the FTC
An audience-centered approach means focusing on what?
the audience's needs
When writing promotional messages for social media sites, how does the process change?
the emphasis shifts to encouraging and participating in online conversations.
One of the appeals of social media is what?
the feeling of conversation
The click-through rate (CTR) is computed as ________.
the number of visitors who click on the ad divided by the number of impressions
Which of the following is a key advantage of using twisted-pair wires to transmit data?
they are thin and highly flexible
The last string of letters in a URL that indicates the type of organization or country code is called the _____?
top-level domain
Which model can be used to analyze the direct and indirect costs to help firms determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations?
total cost of ownership
In which of the following fields would the ability to share complex ideas about a project be most critical?
Engineering
Registering a replica site with a misspelling in the trademark name that users might easily mistake for the real thing, and displaying negative information about the actual company on the replica site is called ________.
typo squatting
Which social media is best for mimicking conversation?
instant messaging
Alzheimer's Society, a private, Chicago-based nonprofit organization, decides to create a social networking forum for caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease. While selecting a domain name, which of the following top-level domains would best suit their goals?
.org
PAWs Humane Society is a private Columbus-based nonprofit organization that fosters and places orphaned cats and dogs. It has decided to create a social networking forum to provide information on the pets that are available to adopt. While selecting a domain name, which of the following top-level domains would best suit their goals
.org
________ is a reference point used as a baseline measurement.
A benchmark
A disruptive innovation is _______?
A new product or service that has the potential to reshape an industry
A dynamic, multimedia presentation of your qualifications is called what?
A social media resume
Explaining your reasons and building interest before asking for a decision or action is an example of what?
A way to start increasing desire
Which of the following would least likely encourage the reader of a message for a claim to grant the claim?
Allowing the reader to choose the most appropriate resolution
Scanners combined with optical character recognition (OCR) software were first used by ________.
Banks for processing checks
Which part of a résumé probably generates the most disagreement?
Brief intro statement
BusinessUSA.com allows small-scale producers to post information about their products on the site where prospective buyers compare prices and features of competing products before purchasing them. Which of the following types of e-marketplaces does BusinessUSA.com represent?
Business 2 consumer
How does social media best increase the power of stakeholders?
By increasing the transparency of the organization
Which of the following is referred to as the brain of a computer?
CPU
The practice of providing free information that is valuable to community members but that also helps a company build closer ties with current and potential customers is referred to as ________________ marketing.
Content marketing
Which of the following options is NOT part of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure investment?
Current supply like your firm's services
Which of the following is a function of operations management?
Improvement of systems and processes which the organization uses to deliver its goods and services
Which of the following is said to occur when people receive more information than they can effectively process?
Information overload
The multitude of servers in Google's windowless data centers serves as an example that represents ________.
Information technology
Which of the following is a fundamental characteristic of an ecosystem?
It includes the related industries making complementary products and services, the competitors themselves, the suppliers, and the consumers.
Which of the following is true regarding email?
It is non-instantaneous
Which of the following is true of the web browser Internet Explorer?
It was initially bundled with the OS of Microsoft to gain an early lead in the "browser wars."
Which of the following businesses is an example of where rivalry among existing competitors is strong and buyers have power?
Lawn care business
Which of the following will aid in the effective communication process across cultures?
Learn how to communicate respect in various cultures.
The difference between blogging and microblogging is what?
Length
Which of the following is considered to be the most important online tool to incorporate into your job search?
Hibbett Sports offers a reward card that gives customers coupons and incentives for store purchases that they can redeem for additional merchandise. This is an example of a ________.
Loyalty Program
Which of the following is an advantage of the social communication model?
Making it easier for employees to voice concerns and frustrations
Which of the following is a critical component of an information system?
Processes
TracSoft, Inc. creates websites for small companies and provides consulting for search engine optimization. Which of the following factors is an important feature that TracSoft should consider to improve the relevance of a company's website in search engines?
Quality of external links to their sites from other sites
To create active statements that show results, which of the following should be included?
Quantified results to support the most important claims
________ is a technology placed on tags that consist of small chips equipped with a microprocessor, a tiny antenna to receive and transmit data, and sometimes a battery that stores information on the tagged object's history.
RFID
Offering the employer a brief view of your key qualifications can be done in which section of the résumé?
Summary of qualifications
All of the following are typically factors in a firm's decision to engage consulting and system integration services except:
The firm's staff knows more about the firm's IT infrastructure than service providers.
One of Zappos' goals is to have high levels of customer satisfaction among its website customers, so they will be likely to return to the website for future purchases. What information is Zappos likely to collect to measure customer satisfaction?
The ratings of individual experiences on the website by the users
Which of the following statements is true of management information systems?
The study of information systems that includes how people, technology, processes, and data work together is called management information systems
Andy heads the IT department of a small company based in Chicago that sells customized T-shirts and corporate incentive items over the Internet. The company has seen a surge in popularity and is planning to expand its operational base to four more cities. However, Andy is directed to come up with a strategy to cut down on the costs incurred in maintaining multiple servers in different cities to host the marketing and e-commerce sites. Which of the following measures will help Andy achieve his objective?
Using virtualization software to run multiple OSs on a single server system
________ provides a standard format for data exchange, enabling web services to pass data from one process to another.
XML
The NYC transit system is experimenting with commuters paying for subway fares using their mobile devices, thereby eliminating the need to carry cash. This is an example of ________.
a digital wallet
In order to safeguard individuals' sensitive information, which of the following organizations would typically restrict its employees' Internet usage?
a hospital
____________ can be used to prevent mobile ads from displaying on mobile devices and using up the phone owners' data allotment.
ad blockers
Which of the following increases user engagement on user-generated content sites?
allowing users to add comments
Which of the following is not an example of the consumerization of IT?
amazon web services
Which of the following allows the writer to borrow from something familiar to explain something unfamiliar?
analogy
Which of the following is the most popular mobile operating system?
android
Matching your resume language to a potential employer's will help you get past ___________.
applicant tracking systems
Christy works as an executive assistant to the president of Wykoff Industries. She spends the majority of her time answering emails, composing letters, and preparing estimates. What type of software is Christy using to complete the tasks in her job?
application software
Which type of software supports several kinds of individual and business activities, such as email, web browsing, and game playing?
application software
The first step in preparing successful marketing and sales messages is ____________________.
assessing the audiences needs
To avoid faulty logic, you should follow which of these guidelines?
avoid mistaken assumptions of cause and effect
Alibaba.com is a retailer of unique gifts that are sourced from many countries. When the company needs to restock inventory, they compare suppliers' prices and payment terms from suppliers in many different countries. Alibaba.com is using a(n) ________ marketplace to conduct transactions via the Internet.
b2b
Which of the following is the process of advertising a product that you don't intend to sell, offering instead a more expensive replacement?
bait and switch
To be effective, communication must ________.
benefit both parties
Which of the following is an example of a peer-to-peer network?
bit torrent
Communities of interest formed around a specific product are referred to as what?
brand communities
The online book review magazine, bookreviewusa.com, offers free access to all their reviews and author interviews; however, only those who have purchased premium access can read book extracts from recently published books. What is the primary web goal of this organization?
inform or entertain the audience
The _____ can give quick assurance that educational and experience requirements are met and still use other headings that emphasize qualifications.
chrono-functional resume
In a ________________ résumé, the work experience section takes precedence and follows directly after your contact information and introductory statement.
chronological
Computer processing work that is split between a desktop computer and a more powerful computer that processes and stores shared data, serves up web pages, or manages network activities is called ________ .
client/server
A ______________ résumé blends the skills focus of the functional format with the job history focus of the chronological format.
combination
If you want to emphasize your capabilities and education when you don't have a long or steady employment history, without raising concerns that you might be hiding something about your past, you should use the _______ résumé format.
combination
Which of the following acts as a type of reference material site for users?
community q&a sites
Apple iPhone's intelligent personal assistant, Siri, helped Apple get a jump on market share over other smartphone competitors. This is an example of Apple gaining ________.
competitive advantage
The web development team for AFLAC, Inc. has grown significantly as the company adds new subsidiaries, each with a unique website. The company will need to implement a(n) ________ to help manage digital information and website development in this collaborative environment.
content management system
When established companies fail to respond to disruptive innovations that capitalize on new technologies, they can become victims of ________.
creative destruction
Mina is using a blog to provide up-to-the minute information concerning a rumor about the sale of the company that has shareholders concerned. Mina is using the blog for ____________.
crisis communication
The Netflix Prize was an open competition for the best collaborative filtering algorithm to predict user ratings for films based on previous ratings without any other information about the users or films. The contest was open to anyone, and a $1 million prize would be given to the person or team that came up with the best solution. In this example, Netflix used ________ to engage a large number of people to complete a task that would ordinarily be handled in-house.
crowdsourcing
Which term is used to describe an appreciation for cultural differences that affect communication and the ability to adjust one's communication style to ensure that efforts to send and receive messages across cultural boundaries are successful?
cultural competency
A(n) ________ is defined as the shared technology resources that provide the platform for the firm's specific information systems applications.
information technology infrastructure
Kimtoya is always respectful of the opinions of others. Which element of professionalism is she primarily displaying with this behavior?
demonstrate a sense of etiquette
Which of the following is a function of accounting information systems?
designing service delivery systems
When expanding the explanation of how a product or service will benefit the audience, what step of the AIDA plan is being developed?
desire
Which of the following is not a step to be considered during the planning stage of marketing and sales messages?
determining channel and medium
Which of the following techniques is recommended for composing a successful persuasive message?
display your willingness to keep the audience's best interests at heart
Creative destruction occurs when
disruptive innovations threaten established players
Which of the following best describes the characteristics and experiences that define each of us as individuals?
diversity
Which of the following is the best medium for many private, short to medium length messages, especially when the exchange is limited to two people?
A(n) ______________ appeal draws on feelings or audience sympathies.
emotional
While employment videos are helpful in communicating a person's qualifications and abilities, their use may also:
encourage the potential employer to focus on your physical characteristics.
Mahir promised a client that the project would be completed by the end of the week; however, Mahir knows that the project will take at least three more weeks to complete. Which of the following terms most accurately describes this situation?
ethical lapse
Which of the following represents the expected norms of behavior in a particular situation?
etiquette
Competitor firms' IT services is a(n) ________ of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure.
external part
To best maintain productive relationships with customers and suppliers, what type of communication tool is often most important?
face-to-face meetings
According to Moore's Law (1965), the ratio of price to performance has ________.
fallen
In the highly competitive cell phone market, BlackBerry has positioned its smartphone by focusing its product on the needs of government and corporate business users. Which of Porter's three basic strategies is BlackBerry pursuing with its smartphone?
focused-niche strategy
Fabio is using the AIDA model for writing a conventional marketing and sales message. The first step in this process is ____________________.
getting the reader's attention
Which of the following is a cloud computing-based service?
google docs
An IT infrastructure includes ________.
hardware, software, and services
Which of the following is a disadvantage of instant messaging?
increases the chance of miscommunication
To convince your boss to change a certain production process, you could point out that every company that has adopted it has increased profits. This is an example of _____________ reasoning.
inductive
