InQuizitive: Chapter 27: A New World Order, 1989-2004
Two weeks after the events of September 11, 2001, President Bush gave a speech outlining his policy elements of the war on terror. Match each element with its appropriate descriptor.
Bush Doctrine: President George W. Bush's foreign policy principle wherein the United States would launch a war on terrorism War on Terrorism: global crusade to root out anti-American, anti-Western Islamist terrorist cells "Enduring Freedom": the name President Bush gave the war in Afghanistan, fought against the Taliban and Al Qaeda
During the Clinton and Bush presidencies, a number of influential Supreme Court cases took place. Match these cases with the Court's opinion.
Bush V. Gore: In 2000, the Supreme Court heard arguments involving which candidate should be officially declared the president. Boumediene v. Bush: In 2008, the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed the detainees of Guantánamo Bay their right to challenge their detention in U.S. courts. Casey v. Planned Parenthood of Pennsylvania: Reviewed in 1992, this case reaffirmed a woman's right to terminate a pregnancy. The decision overturned a requirement that the husband be notified before the procedure was undertaken. Hamdi v. Rumsfeld: This 2004 case involved a U.S. citizen's rights when arrested as an enemy combatant in another country.
As a result of 9/11, it appeared that the United States was bent on establishing itself as a new global empire. Which items were used by critics to prove the United States' ambition to become the next global empire?
Correct Answer: America surpassed other countries in the three indexes of power: culture, economics, and military. The United States was the only country that deployed its navy on every ocean. Incorrect Answer: The United States was one of three countries that maintained military bases throughout the world.
The major initiative of President Clinton's first administration was to address the rising cost of health care and the growing number of uninsured Americans. Although the idea of providing universalized health care ultimately failed to get congressional approval, what were some of this plan's initial goals?
Correct Answer: to provide universal health-care coverage to all Americans not already covered through their employers Incorrect Answer: to repeal universal health-care options passed by the presidents that preceded Clinton allow for health-care providers to selectively choose those who could gain access to insurance at a lower cost
In the new millennium, Native Americans continued their push for tribal recognition and monetary restitution for past injustices. Which of the following was an outcome for Native Americans in the first two decades of the twenty-first century?
Correct: - Tribal leaders were exempt from state legal gambling limits and able to establish lucrative casino operations near large population centers. - A New York court awarded the Cayuga Nation $248 million for illegal land seizures. - The Supreme Court increased the number of federally recognized tribal governments to 566. Incorrect: - Native tribes were unsuccessful in obtaining monetary restitution for U.S. mistreatment of them in the past.
Due to immigration changes in the mid-twentieth century, several immigrant groups grew in numbers and recognition. Making up over 6 percent of the population of the United States, this immigrant group's population has nearly tripled, reaching close to 20 million. Between 2010 and 2020, it was the fastest growing ethnic group overall. Which group does this description refer to?
Correct: Asian American
Identify the statements that describe the rights revolution at the end of the twentieth century.
Correct: Conservatives sought to get government out of economic regulation and environmental regulations. Moral conservatives, or those who sought to have the government set the moral standard for the country, were in the minority at the time. Personal liberty became the dominant point of view, as individuals sought greater freedom in how they chose to live their life. Incorrect: The impeachment of President Clinton created a shift toward moral conservatism, as more people wanted the government to regulate the moral behavior of individuals.
The American torture policy's extent was not fully uncovered until the release of a Senate committee report in 2014. This report showed that torture was used systematically at secret U.S. prisons around the world. The report also concluded, however, that an incredible amount of information was obtained from prisoners through the use of these brutal methods.
Correct: FALSE
The Gulf War was an international crisis between the United States and Mexico over oil drilling rights in the Gulf of Mexico.
Correct: FALSE
Which of the following statements are true about the demographics and economic status of African Americans as an ethnic group at the turn of the twenty-first century?
Correct: Half of all black children lived in poverty. One-third of the black population lived in predominantly black suburbs. Incorrect: Very few Black people worked alongside whites in corporate jobs. Over half of the black population attended college.
Which of the following arguments support globalization and global free trade?
Correct: It could provide a path to better living standards. It could support greater worldwide freedom. Incorrect: It could decrease wage gaps between the wealthy and poor. Decisions that impacted millions could be decided by multinational corporations.
In the 1990s, with an increasingly diverse populace due to immigration and reproduction, the idea of multiculturalism was used to describe the new awareness of diversity in America, not only in the present but also the past. What impact did this new awareness have on American colleges and universities?
Correct: Literature departments added the writings of female and minority authors to those of white men. Incorrect: These institutions moved aggressively to incorporate female and minority hires as head coaches in traditionally male-dominated sports. Quotas were established in all public colleges and universities to ensure a diverse administrative staff. Colleges and universities did not attempt to make any changes.
Identify the leader of the terrorist organization responsible for the attacks of September 11, 2001.
Correct: Osama Bin Laden
What did the countries of Iraq, Iran, and North Korea have to do with President Bush's war on terror?
Correct: President Bush identified them as the "Axis of Evil." Incorrect: All three countries were linked to the attacks on September 11, 2001. The United States anchored its military presence in the Middle East by building bases in these countries. These countries had formed a military alliance against the United States.
After a months-long standoff in 2016 between police, protesters, and others, construction for the proposed 2,000-mile Dakota Access oil pipeline was halted. What Native American tribe is most closely associated with the protest and struggle during this event?
Correct: Standing Rock Lakota Incorrect: the Comanche New York Allegany the Inuit
By naming the invasion of Iraq "Operation Iraqi Freedom," President Bush tried to promote the idea that America was defending American freedoms, while spreading them around the world.
Correct: TRUE
What trends can be extrapolated from these maps, which compare immigration patterns from 1900 and 2010?
Correct: The Deep South was not a magnet for immigration in the twentieth century. Northeast cities continued to attract immigrants to the United States. Incorrect: California was not an attractive destination for immigrants at the turn of the twentieth century. The upper Midwest was always an attractive spot for immigrants to the United States.
When images surfaced that showed the treatment of those captured during the invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan in American military prisons, what message did they relay to the rest of the world?
Correct: They undermined the reputation of the United States Incorrect: They frightened terrorists worldwide so much so that the United States no longer had to keep its military in Iraq and Afghanistan, and it quickly withdrew. They showed the world that the United States was tough in its interrogation of prisoners, and crime declined stateside.
The following picture shows American icon Barbie dressed as the Statue of Liberty. What message is the artist trying to convey about the outsourcing of the American economy?
Correct: This artwork is a satirical look at how free-trade zones in foreign countries now enabled American companies to use low-wage laborers over Americans to produce something as iconic as the Barbie doll. Incorrect: This artwork sought to raise awareness about illegal immigration into the United States and the dire impact it was having on the economy. This artwork is a statement that shows Barbie as Lady Liberty and how an iconic American product can be used across the world to promote healthy economic development in poorer countries. This artwork raises awareness about the inequality that women faced in the workplace.
What did the Supreme Court rule in the Bush v. Gore case with its vote of 5-4?
Correct: This ruling mandated that the recount taking place in Florida be halted, and it granted Florida governor Jeb Bush the right to certify that his brother, George W. Bush, had won the state and presidency. Incorrect: This ruling mandated that the recount continue as planned, allowing for an accurate voter count to be taken. This ruling mandated that Al Gore was the president-elect of the United States. This ruling mandated that Florida's electoral votes would be cast out and not counted in the electoral college.
Confronted with the spreads of AIDS in the early 1980s, the gay community responded in a variety of ways. What were some of the goals of the gay community during the AIDS epidemic?
Correct: To educate the public about "safe sex" to prevent discrimination against people suffering from AIDS. To demand that the drug AZT be placed on the market to treat the disease. To press the federal government to devote greater resources to fighting the disease. Incorrect: To get the term "homosexuality" labeled as a disability to gain protection from the Americans with Disabilities Act
One hundred years ago, the United States took in immigrants and asked them to assimilate their diverse cultural heritages into the American cauldron dubbed the "melting pot." Today, which factors of technology allow immigrants to be more of a "salad bowl"—able to retain their strong cultural ties to their countries of origin without completely surrendering them to prevalent American culture?
Correct: access to global communications cheaper air travel Incorrect: high-definition television electronic banking
Republican Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich led the Republican-controlled House and Senate to work against President Clinton's goals. Which best describes the goals of Gingrich's Contract with America?
Correct: cut funding to social, educational, and environmental programs decrease the size and role of the federal government Incorrect: raise taxes and economic regulations increase access to Medicare benefits for Americans living below certain income levels
The Culture Wars of the 1990s were battles over the moral values of Americans. The Christian Coalition was organized in opposition to what it perceived as an attack on "traditional" American values. These organized counterattacks were against which tenets of perceived social liberalism?
Correct: gay rights Secularism Incorrect: Government subsidies to corporations
The USA Patriot Act conferred unprecedented power on law enforcement agencies charged with stopping the new crime of "domestic terrorism." Which of the following powers were granted to law enforcement agencies as a result of the USA Patriot Act?
Correct: the power to wiretap telephone conversations the power to open letters sent through the U.S. Postal Service the power to spy on American citizens Incorrect: the power to delete personal emails the power to occupy the home of an American citizen for military purposes
