Instrumentation Ch. 13 - Ch. 17

An electromechanical relay is comprised of an electromagnet actuating component and one or more... (pg. 226)

-Electrical switches -Pneumatic switches -Hydraulic switches

List the tools that are used regularly by process technicians troubleshooting instrumentation. (pg. 213)

-Multimeter -Screwdriver -Temperature gauges

The three most common instrument signals used in the process industry are: (pg. 236)

-Pneumatic -Electrical -Mechanical

If a temperature transmitter was calibrated from 500 deg. to 1000 deg., write in the values identifying the following: URV: (pg. 238)

1000

Most field transmitters require _______ to operate properly.

24 VDC

If a temperature transmitter was calibrated from 500 deg. to 1000 deg., write in the values identifying the following: LRV: (pg. 238)

500

If a temperature transmitter was calibrated from 500 deg. to 1000 deg., write in the values identifying the following: Span: (pg. 238)

500

A switch that triggers a device that notifies personnel when a process variable enters an abnormal range. (pg. 221)

Alarm switch

A device that typically provides a lighted panel and a horn buzzer alarm to indicate an abnormal process conditions. (pg. 228)

Annunciator

A switch that when properly selected can automatically start a controlled sequence once predetermined process conditions are met. (pg. 221)

Autostart switch

Match the type of instrument with its typical malfunction: (pg. 210) Thermocouple

Burnout

This switch is used to override the normal operation of a system or device. (pg. 222)

Bypass switch

Match the type of instrument with its typical malfunction: (pg. 210) Transmitter

Calibration

The control scheme that employs two controllers where the output of one controller is the set point of another. (pg. 269)

Cascade control

Which control scheme would be used where the level of a distillation tower is controlled by a flow control loop? (pg. 274)

Cascade controller

Which of the following control systems will have diminishing problems in their controller functions over time? (pg. 308)

DCS

A device that converts a mV signal into a pneumatic signal is called an: (pg. 237)

E/P

________________ system shuts down equipment or systems. (pg. 322)

ESDs

True/False Analog controllers are more versatile than a DCS.

False

True/False Feedback control operates to prevent an effort from occurring in a process. (pg. 248)

False

True/False Process technicians have an understood set of duties in the area of troubleshooting instrumentation that are universal from plant to plant and company to company.

False

True/False Switches are always operated manually. (pg. 219)

False

True/False We only troubleshoot when we are having a problem.

False

True/False When reversing acting controllers input signal value increases the controller output signal value will increase. (pg. 250)

False

A tank level is manipulated because an error signal has developed. (pg. 266)

Feedback control

A reactor's catalyst feed is manipulated due to a predicted load change. (pg. 266)

Feedforward control

A problem condition characterized by a random behavior or cycling above and/or below the set point. (pg. 253)

Hunting

The device that converts a standard electronic instrument signal into a pneumatic signal is called an: (pg. 237)

I/P

_____________ may prevent a startup. (pg. 321)

Interlocks

This type of circuit is used to swap the lead role between two equal parallel components, such as compressors and/or evaporators in a refrigerator system. (pg. 266)

Lead/Lag control

______________ describes which measured variable will be used to control a loop. (pg. 265)

Lead/Lag control

A switch that is used to verify the completed actuation of a block valve. (pg. 222)

Limit switch

The act of controlling a process variable by hand within the processing area. (pg. 267)

Local manual control

A device that takes multiple inputs and convers them into a single sequential output. (pg. 289)

Multiplexer

The difference between the set point and the controlled variable under steady state (not changing) conditions. (pg. 252)

Offset

The control system of an air conditioner in a typical residential home is an example of a: (pg. 265)

On/Off control

This type of control is used in places where a fairly large measurement zone is not a problem. (pg. 265)

On/Off control

PLC is an acronym for ______________________________. (pg. 289)

Programmable logic controller.

The amount of deviation of the controlled variable from the set point required to move the controllers output through its entire range. (pg. 250)

Proportional band (proportional gain)

This switch requires only the presence of an object or device to facilitate its operation. (pg. 219)

Proximity switch

When a loop fails or is suspect, what should be done first? (pg. 212)

Put the controller in manual

Setting the controller to open or close a valve out in the processing area from a control room. (pg. 268)

Remote manual control

A method used to protect the integrity of an electrical signal running through an electrically noisy area. (pg. 234)

Shielding

A switch that can be used to actuate a circuit that will cause a process to suddenly stop in a controlled manner. (pg. 221)

Shutdown switch

Match the type of instrument with its typical malfunction: (pg. 210) Signal wire

Too much loop resistance

True/False A PLC acts like a programmable relay cabinet. (pg. 295)

True

True/False A digital controller requires a digital control valve to operate properly. (pg. 289)

True

True/False A relay is sometimes used to perform math like functions. (pg. 228)

True

True/False Feedback is a closed loop control strategy while feedforward is an open loop control strategy. (pg. 248)

True

True/False High level alarms will shutdown a processing unit. (pg. 330)

True

True/False Personal protective equipment procedures should always be met to open any process line.

True

True/False Process equilibrium is related to a balance of material and energy. (pg. 245)

True

True/False When a control loop component fails, the thing that should be done is to put the controller in manual. (pg. 212)

True

___________ is the act of adjusting the controller's mode to produce the best control. (pg. 153)

Tuning

In the processing industry, what do the letters UPS stand for? (pg. 311)

Uninterruptible power supply

This switch is used to determine the velocity, acceleration, displacement or any combination of these characteristics, for the purpose of predicting wear or impending failure. (pg. 219)

Vibration switch

A ladder logic diagram is... (pg. 295)

a diagram structure that looks like a ladder, which is used to illustrate logical sequences in a PLC.

In an annunciator system, the ________________ function is used to silence the audible alarm. (pg. 228)

acknowledge

An ___________ switch is the initiating electrical contact device that is actuated by a process variable and is connected into a circuit that notifies the operator of an abnormal condition.

alarm

An A/D converter is a device that converts _________________.

analog to digital.

A _________________ regulator controls the pressure in a vessel by releasing excess pressure from the system. (pg. 181)

back pressure

A UPS is used to... (pg. 311)

backup the normal instrumentation power supply.

During troubleshooting, radio communication usually takes place between the field technician and the ______________________. (pg.213)

board technician

A _______________ is a device that compares the measurement to a set point and then produces an appropriate output response. (pg. 247)

controller

A ________________ is a device that compares the measurement to a set point and then produces an appropriate output response. (pg. 130)

controller

In a UPS, the _____________ changes AC into DC. (pg. 314)

converter

There are fewer "bumps" in ________________ control systems.

digital

DCS is an acronym for __________________________. (pg. 288)

distributed control system.

One of the best ways to begin troubleshooting an instrument loop is to first... (pg. 212)

divide the loop in half.

In the processing industry, ESD is an acronym for ________________________________. (pg. 320)

emergency shut down

A _______________ is a device that actually manipulates the process in some way. (pg. 158)

final control

If a small change in measurement causes the control valve to move too much, then the __________ is probably too high. (pg. 254)

gain

If a temperature sensing element burns out, the transmitter's output will usually _________________.

go upscale.

In a properly designed system, a differential pressure transmitter utilizing a "wet leg" level measuring method will always have more pressure applied to the ___________________________. (pg. 73)

high pressure input. ?

A local controller is usually located next to the DCS ____________________.

in the processing area.

The primary purpose of a digital controller is to ____________________. (pg. 307)

increase the efficiency of process control.

An _____________ is a device that shows a value as a number or a position on a marked scale.

indicator

A relay is a device whose primary function is to pass _____________ unchanged, in some other form, or in some modified form, to an external circuit or system. (pg. 226)

information

When calibrating an instrument, the technician applies a known __________ range to the instrument in order to adjust indication correspondingly. (pg. 214)

input

Once the manipulating element has made a change, the time it takes a process to fully reach a new equilibrium (transition time) is called ______________. (pg. 245)

lag time

The purpose of instrumentation is to _________________________ the physical and/or chemical properties of an industrial process. (pg. 245)

measure and control

Feedforward control works to ______________. (pg. 249)

prevent error.

A controller that measures two flow rates and then proportions one to the other is called a _______________________. (pg. 276)

ratio controller

In an annunciator system, the __________ function is used to allow the alarm sequence to start over. (pg. 228)

reset

If an RTD fails, its ____________ usually increases. (pg. 337)

resistance

When selecting the remote on a local/remote set point switch, you are choosing to receive a set point from the _________________. (pg. 152)

secondary controller

A ____________ is a mechanical or electrical device that is used to operate or energize mechanical or electrical circuits for alarm, shutdown or control purposes. (pg. 219)

switch

In an analog annunciator system, the ___________ function is used to find burned out or non functioning light bulbs in the alarm panel. (pg. 228)

test

A ______________ is a device that produces a standard instrument signal that carries the value of the measured variable into the control loop. (pg. 232)

transmitter

A _______________ is a device that measures a process variable and then produces a corresponding signal. (pg. 129)

transmitter

The term ___________ describes the plotting of the process variable verses time, which recorded on chart paper. (pg. 253)

trend

The output of a split range controller will normally control ______________________. (pg. 158)

two control valves

To effectively eliminate the unwanted pressure caused by a "wet leg" condition applies to a d/p transmitter, you would adjust the transmitter's ____________. (pg. 237) (pg. 73)

zero

Match the type of instrument with its typical malfunction: (pg. 210) Impulse tubing

Plugged