Intrarenal Disorders

The condition characterized by oliguria and hematuria is a. acute glomerulonephritis b. polycistickidney disease c. cystitis d. renal insufficiency

a. acute glomerulonephritis

A person with acute pyelonephritis would most typically experience a. fever b.oliguria c. edema d. hypertension

a. fever

Renal factors for renal carcinoma include (select all that apply) a. genetics b. hypotension c. cigarette smoking d. obesity e. chemicals

a. genetics, c. cigarette smoking, d. obesity, e. chemicals

The most common sign/symptom of renal calculi is a. pain b. vomiting c. hematuria d. oliguria

a. pain

The most common type of renal stone is a. uric acid b.calcium c. struviate d.crysteine

b.calcium

One cause of an extrinsic renal system obstruction is a. clot b.pelvic tumor c. neurogenic bladder d. papillary necrosis

b.pelvic tumor

Findings that should prompt an evaluation for renal cancer include a. bacteria in the urine b. intermittent urinary colic c. hematuria d. red blood cell casts in urine

c. hematuria

Nephrotic syndrome does not usually cause a. hyperlypidemia b. proteinuria c. hematuria d. generalized edema

c. hematuria

The pathophysiologic basis of acute glomerulonephritis is a. renal ischemia b. bacterial invasion of the glomerulus c. an anaphylactic reaction d. an immune complex reaction

d. an immune complex reaction

It is true that polycystic kidney disease is a. always rapidly fatal b. due to streptococcal infection c. associated with supernumerary kidney d. genetically transmitted

d. genetically transmitted

Glomerular disorders include a. pyelonephritis b. obstructive uropathy c. interstitial cystitis d. nephrotic syndrome

d. nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome involves loss of large amounts of______ in the urine. a. blood b. sodium c. glucose d. protein

d. protein

The major underlying factor leading to edema associated with glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome is a. hematuria b. bacteriuria c. glycosuria d. proteinuria

d. proteinuria

The physiology that explains the intermittent nature of pain caused by a kidney stone is that a. ureters uses paristalsis and gravity to move urine b. ureters insert into the bladder at an angle c. in men, the prostate gland surrounds the urethra d. in men, the urethra is longer than in women

a. ureters uses paristalsis and gravity to move urine

In addition to E. coli, a risk factor for development of pyelonephritis is a. urinary retention and reflux b. nephrotic syndrome c. respiratory disease glomerulonephritis

a. urinary retention and reflux

Renal stone formation is affected by (select all that apply) a. urine concentration b. urine pH c. metabolic/ congenital conditions d. dietary intake e. potassium level

a. urine concentration, b. urine pH, c. metabolic/ congenital conditions, d. dietary intake

The organism most commonly associated with acute pyelonephritis is a. streptococcus b. Escherichia coli c. Klebsiella d. Enterobacter

b. Escherichia coli

The manifestations of acute pyelonephritis (select all that apply) a. are mild and insidious b. can result in dehydration c. often include symptoms of lower urinary tract infection d. include fever, chills, and costovertebral angle tenderness e. may include urosepsis

b. can result in dehydration, c. often include symptoms of lower urinary tract infection, d. include fever, chills, and costovertebral angle tenderness, e. may include urosepsis

The primary risk factors for renal cell carcinoma include (select all that apply) a. genetics b. cigarette smoking c. obesity d. hypertension e. nulliparous women

b. cigarette smoking, c. obesity, d. hypertension

The type of glomerulonephritis which is most likely to result in a swift decline in renal function that then progress to acute kidney injury is a. acute glomerulonephritis b. crescentic glomerulonephritis c. post- streptococcal glomerulonephritis d. chronic glomerulonephritis

b. crescentic glomerulonephritis

A major modifiable risk factor for nephrolithiasis is a. positive family history b. dehydration c. smoking d. drinking alcohol

b. dehydration

The consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction in a single ureter is a. kidney stone formation b. hydronephrosis c. dilation of the urethra d. anuria

b. hydronephrosis

The major cause of glomerulonephritis is a. infection of the glomerular capsule secondary to a UTI b. immune system damage to glomeruli c. hydronephrosis resulting from kidney stones d. Strptococcus infection that migrates from the blood stream to the glomerulus

b. immune system damage to glomeruli

The pain that accompanies kidney disorders is called a. nephritic b. nephralgia c. nephrotic d. nephronitis

b. nephralgia

Signs consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis include a. anuria b. proteinuria c. red blood cell casts in urine d. foul-smelling urine

b. proteinuria

The main clinical manifestation of a kidney stone obstructing the ureter is a. oliguria b. renal colic c. urge incontinence d. an abdominal mass

b. renal colic

When a patient experiencing nephrotic syndrome asks "What causes my urine to be so full of protein", the nurse's response is based on the knowledge that a. his glomeruli have been damaged by his own immune system b. the glomerular membrane has increased permeability c. his liver is extremely active in synthesizing protein d. his renal tubules are full of cellular debris

b. the glomerular membrane has increased permeability

The infection frequently associated with development of post infectious acute glomerulonephritis is a. pneumonia b. throat infection c. endocarditis d. urinary tract infection

b. throat infection