Intro C++ Test 1
Application programs
Programs that allow a user to perform specific tasks on a computer - Word processing, playing a game, preparing taxes, browsing the Web, and so forth
The computer's main memory is commonly known as:
RAM
If I need to move my program to a different computer, do I take the source or the executable?
Source, if it is a different computer.
What are the parts of the CPU (internally)?
The Control unit and the Arithmetic and Logic unit
What does the term hardware refer to?
The physical components that a computer is made of
What starts with #?
preprocessor directives
Two ways to define a constant
#define PI = 3.14 or const PI = 3.14;
How many bytes for short integer?
2 bytes
How much data can be stored in 1 bit and 1 byte?
2 different values and 2^8=256 different values
How many bytes for integer?
4 bytes
Assuming you are using a system with 1-byte characters, how many bytes of memory will the following string literal occupy? "William"
8, because the null terminator is at the end, even if it is not seen.
Compiler error
A section of code that does not conform to the standard rules of the programming language.
Utility program
A small program that performs specific tasks that mostly does the general housekeeping tasks for the computer. Many are built into operating systems (for finding files, viewing images, backing up files, etc.)
Examples of high level languages
C++, Ruby, C, Java, Pascal, Python, COBOL, C#
Examples of different operating systems:
DOS, Windows, Macintosh, Unix, Linux
What does the sizeof() operator do?
It returns the size in bytes of a type or variable.
What is iostream?
Library for standard input/output, or the header for the library
What is linker doing?
Links libraries and pieces of my program. To be precise it links objects.
What is the CPU's job?
Meant to fetch instructions, carry out the operations commanded by the instructions, to produce some outcome or resultant information.
What is an assignment operator?
Perform operations of data (= << etc)
What is a keyword?
Words that have a special meaning in a programming language. Keywords may only be used for their intended purpose. (int, double, float etc).
What is an identifier?
a programmer-defined name that represents some element of a program. (main, x, cout, cin etc.)
what is a manipulator?
ex. endl, fixed, left, right, etc.
Compiler warning
message that indicates a potential problem. It will compile, but may cause problems when it runs.